Variation in ribosomal DNA copy number is associated with lung cancer risk in a prospective cohort study.

Disruption of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) has been linked to a variety of diseases in humans, including carcinogenesis. To evaluate the associations between rDNA copy number (CN) and risk of lung cancer, we measured 5.8S and 18S rDNA CN in the peripheral blood of 229 incident lung cancer cases and 1:1 matched controls from a nested case-control study within a prospective cohort of male smokers.

Effect of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplementation on macrovascular complications and total mortality from diabetes: results of the ATBC Study.

Aim: To determine whether alpha-tocopherol or beta-carotene supplementation affects diabetic macrovascular complications and total mortality.

Methods: This study was carried out as part of the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study, a double-blind, randomized trial with a 2x2 factorial design. A total of 29,133 middle-aged male smokers received either vitamin E 50 mg/day or beta-carotene 20 mg/day, or both, or placebo for a median of 6.

Methodologic considerations in the measurement of glycemic index: glycemic response to rye bread, oatmeal porridge, and mashed potato.

Background: Methodologic choices affect measures of the glycemic index (GI). The effects on GI values of blood sampling site, reference food type, and the number of repeat tests have been insufficiently determined.

Objective: The objective was to study the effect of methodologic choices on GI values.