Insulin- and obesity-related variables in early-stage breast cancer: correlations and time course of prognostic associations.

Purpose: To investigate patterns of prognostic associations over time of insulin- and obesity-related variables measured at diagnosis of early breast cancer (BC), focusing on whether the prognostic associations with distant recurrence and death changed over time.

Patients And Methods: Five hundred thirty-five nondiabetic women with T1-3, N0-1, M0 invasive BC diagnosed from 1989 to 1996 were included in the study. Insulin-related variables included fasting insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment, C-peptide, and glucose.

Prognostic effects of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in early breast cancer.

Purpose: Vitamin D has been linked to breast cancer risk, but prognostic effects are unknown. Such effects are biologically plausible given the presence of vitamin D receptors in breast cancer cells, which act as nuclear transcription factors to regulate gene activity.

Patients And Methods: The study was conducted in a prospective inception cohort of 512 women with early breast cancer diagnosed 1989 to 1996.

High insulin levels in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients reflect underlying insulin resistance and are associated with components of the insulin resistance syndrome.

Background: High insulin levels have been associated with poor outcomes in breast cancer. Our goal was to investigate whether hyperinsulinemia was associated with insulin resistance in a cohort of newly diagnosed locoregional breast cancer patients and to examine associations of hyperinsulinemia with the broader insulin resistance syndrome (IRS).

Methods: Five hundred and four women with T1-3, N0-1, M0 breast cancer provided fasting blood that was analyzed for glucose, insulin and lipids.

Serum lipids and outcome of early-stage breast cancer: results of a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: The prognosis of women with early-stage breast cancer is influenced by insulin and body mass index (BMI). High levels of serum insulin and obesity often coexist with dyslipidemia in the insulin resistance syndrome (IRS), but the contribution of lipids to breast cancer outcome is unclear. Here, we examine whether serum levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) influence breast cancer outcome.

Is leptin a mediator of adverse prognostic effects of obesity in breast cancer?

Purpose: Leptin, an adipocyte-derived cytokine that is elevated in obesity, has been associated with carcinogenesis, tumor migration and invasion, enhancement of angiogenesis, and increased aromatase activity. It has been suggested that leptin may mediate adverse prognostic effects of obesity in breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: Four hundred seventy-one women with surgically resected T1-3, N0-1, M0 breast cancer were studied.

Health-related quality of life and psychosocial status in breast cancer prognosis: analysis of multiple variables.

Purpose: Evidence that psychosocial status and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) are associated with breast cancer (BC) outcomes is weak and inconsistent. We examined prognostic effects of these factors in a prospective cohort study.

Patients And Methods: Three hundred ninety-seven women with surgically resected T1 to T3, N0/N1, M0 BC completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (Core 30 items), Profile of Mood States, Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale, Impact of Events Scale, Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale, and the Courtauld Emotional Control Scale 2 months after diagnosis and 1 year later.

Diet and breast cancer: evidence that extremes in diet are associated with poor survival.

Purpose: Diet has been postulated to influence breast cancer prognosis; however, existing evidence is weak and inconsistent. Previous studies have sought evidence of a linear relationship between diet and breast cancer outcomes. Because of a U-shaped association of body mass index (BMI) with survival in breast cancer, we hypothesized that a nonlinear association also existed for dietary variables.

Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins 1 and 3 and breast cancer outcomes.

The IGF family of growth factors is believed to play a role in the development and progression of breast cancer. We recently identified an adverse prognostic effect of insulin in breast cancer; we now report prognostic effects of circulating IGFBP's 1 and 3. 512 women with T1-3, N0-1, M0 breast cancer provided fasting blood which was analysed for IGFBP's I and 3.

Fasting insulin and outcome in early-stage breast cancer: results of a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Insulin, a member of a family of growth factors that includes insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-II, exerts mitogenic effects on normal and malignant breast epithelial cells, acting via insulin and IGF-I receptors. Because of this and because of its recognized association with obesity, an adverse prognostic factor in breast cancer, we examined the prognostic associations of insulin in early-stage breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: A cohort of 512 women without known diabetes, who had early-stage (T1 to T3, N0 to N1, and M0) breast cancer, was assembled and observed prospectively.