An Early Biopsychosocial Intervention Design for the Prevention of Low Back Pain Chronicity: A Multidisciplinary Empirical Approach.

Objective: Comprehensive intervention models for prevention of chronification of low back pain, in which the early identification of holistic risk factors is considered are needed. The aim of this study is to design a tailored biopsychosocial intervention for patients with low back pain to prevent pain chronicity.

Design: A multidisciplinary empirical approach.

Transfer of patients from health care centres to special care services: analysis of travel distances in Nordic countries.

Objectives: This paper highlights the importance of analysing patient transportation in Nordic circumpolar areas. The research questions we asked are as follows: How many Finnish patients have been transferred to special care intra-country and inter-country in 2009? Does it make any difference to health care policymakers if patients are transferred inter-country?

Study Design: We analysed the differences in distances from health care centres to special care services within Finland, Sweden and Norway and considered the health care policy implications.

Methods: An analysis of the time required to drive between service providers using the "Google distance meter" (http://maps.