Invasive non-urachal adenocarcinoma of the bladder: analysis of the National Cancer Database.

Purpose: To review the United States National Cancer Database (NCDB) from 2004 to 2015 and analyze survival outcomes of invasive non-urachal adenocarcinoma based on treatment modality.

Methods: The NCDB 2004-2015 bladder dataset was queried for adenocarcinoma histology, excluding urachal variant, and limited to patients with clinical stage T2-T4 disease. Treatment modality was categorized as no treatment, cystectomy (partial or radical), external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), or EBRT plus cystectomy.

Potassium-Binding Agents to Facilitate Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitor Therapy.

Objective: To evaluate safety and efficacy data for potassium-binding resins in renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)-associated hyperkalemia.

Data Sources: A search of MEDLINE (EBSCOhost; 1946 to February 2016) was conducted using the terms hyperkalemia, rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin receptor blocker, aldosterone antagonists, resin, and binder Results were limited to human trials in English language journals. References of identified articles were reviewed to identify other relevant articles.

Time to opioid administration after implementation of an intranasal fentanyl protocol.

Background: Prompt and effective analgesia is a mainstay of emergency department (ED) medicine; however, it is often delayed in times of overcrowding and by the need to establish intravenous (IV) access. Thus, noninvasive analgesic administration by means of the intranasal route could potentially reduce time to analgesic administration by eliminating IV line insertion.

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated time from physician entry into patient's room to opioid administration after implementation of an intranasal fentanyl protocol.

Ethacrynic Acid continuous infusions in critically ill pediatric patients.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe dosage regimens and treatment outcomes in critically ill children receiving ethacrynic acid continuous infusions (CI).

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated patients less than 18 years of age who received ethacrynic acid CI with a duration exceeding 12 hours, from January 1, 2007, through January 31, 2012. The primary objective was to determine the mean/median doses of ethacrynic acid CI.