Restriction spectrum imaging improves MRI-based prostate cancer detection.

Purpose: To compare the diagnostic performance of restriction spectrum imaging (RSI), with that of conventional multi-parametric (MP) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for prostate cancer (PCa) detection in a blinded reader-based format.

Methods: Three readers independently evaluated 100 patients (67 with proven PCa) who underwent MP-MRI and RSI within 6 months of systematic biopsy (N = 67; 23 with targeting performed) or prostatectomy (N = 33). Imaging was performed at 3 Tesla using a phased-array coil.

MR-derived cerebral spinal fluid hydrodynamics as a marker and a risk factor for intracranial hypertension in astronauts exposed to microgravity.

Purpose: To quantify the change in cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) production rate and maximum systolic velocity in astronauts before and after exposure to microgravity and identify any physiologic trend and/or risk factor related to intracranial hypertension.

Materials And Methods: Following Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, with waiver of informed consent, a retrospective review of 27 astronauts imaged at 3T was done. Qualitative analysis was performed on T2 -weighted axial images through the orbits for degree of flattening of the posterior globe according to the following grades: 0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, and 3 = severe.

Contrast enhanced MR venography with gadofosveset trisodium: evaluation of the intracranial and extracranial venous system.

Purpose: To demonstrate the efficacy of contrast enhanced magnetic resonance venography (CEMRV) using gadofosveset trisodium in the comprehensive evaluation of the intracranial and extracranial venous system.

Materials And Methods: Temporal signal decay, in-plane saturation and flow artifacts were assessed in an institutional review board approved, HIPAA compliant CEMRV study of 99 subjects. In a 39 subject subset, percent diameter narrowing of the internal jugular (IJ), brachiocephalic and azygous veins were coded according to the following ordinal grades for both catheter venography (CV) and CEMRV: grade 0 ≤ 50%, grade 1 >50% and ≤ 75%, grade 2 >75% and <100% and grade 3 = 100% and compared with pressure gradient measurements obtained during CV.

Castleman's disease in the left suprarenal region, mimicking an adrenal neoplasm.

We present a rare case of a 16-year-old male patient with Castleman's disease (CD) manifest by a suspicious mass within the left suprarenal region abutting the left adrenal gland, mimicking an adrenal neoplasm. CD is an uncommon and poorly understood lymphoproliferative disorder that, when observed, typically occurs as a mediastinal mass. Two percent of cases reportedly occur in the pararenal region.