The effect of photic stimulation alone and in combination with sleep deprivation after a seizure-like event - reappraisal by using linear and nonlinear EEG methods.

ObjectivesThe present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of different provocation tests used for the study of the 'susceptibility to seizure' by quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) analysis.MethodsEight subjects with a history of a seizure-like disturbed consciousness participated in this preliminary study. A routine EEG was carried out with photic stimulation (eyes closed and after eyes open) at the beginning of the investigation.

Unilateral thalamic infarction causing downward gaze palsy in a patient with uncorrected tetralogy of fallot: a case report.

Introduction - Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common form of cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD). Adults with surgically uncorrected forms of this condition are extremely rare, since operation is recommended in childhood to prevent cyanosis. Cyanotic CHD increases the risk of thromboembolic events.

Non-linear quantitative electroencephalographic (qEEG) changes during processing of chemo-sensory stimulations: a preliminary study.

The present study was to investigate the processing of pleasant smell and taste stimuli by non-linear EEG measures. Point correlation dimension (PD2i) has been used for studying the local, and synchronization likelihood (SL) the global dynamical organization. Nine healthy subjects participated in this study.

Sodium lactate differently alters relative EEG power and functional connectivity in Alzheimer's disease patients' brain regions.

Bilateral temporo-parietal hypoperfusion and decreased glucose metabolism are characteristic in vivo findings in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Lactate is a metabolic vasodilator and is known to induce increased cerebral blood flow in healthy adults. The present study addresses the issue whether sodium lactate infusion affects functional state and resulting electroencephalographic patterns of AD patients.

Phase-synchronization of daily motor activities can reveal differential circadian patterns.

The aim of the study was to determine any alteration of the 24 h motor activity pattern of a bipolar patient in different mood states. Actigraphic records were collected on an outpatient basis for a total of 387 days. The daily actograms were synchronized in phase to the time of morning awakening before averaging, which significantly enhanced the structure of the averaged traces.

Familial multiple sclerosis: case study of three affected siblings.

We report on three sisters with new-onset multiple sclerosis (MS). The symptoms of the eldest sister began in 1993 with lower-limb weakness and paraesthesia. In 1998, she had limb weakness, nystagmus and ataxia.

The prevalence of multiple sclerosis, distribution of clinical forms of the disease and functional status of patients in Csongrád County, Hungary.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the population of Csongrád County, Hungary (400,128 inhabitants) and to determine the functional status (based on the Expanded Disability Status Scale; EDSS) of the patients according to the clinical forms of the disease.

Methods: The diagnosis was established with the aid of the Poser diagnostic criteria, and the degree of physical disability was determined using the Kurtzke EDSS.

Results: In Csongrád County, the prevalence of MS is 62/100,000.

[Treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis with interferon beta type 1-b].

Interferon-beta-1b was the first drug found to slow the progression of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, with a reported decrease in the relapse rate of up to 34%. The present study involved 35 patients treated with interferon-beta-1b for one year. The aims of the study were: a) to compare the changes in the relapse rate and the number of days of hospitalization with other data, b) to compare the steroid needs required to treat relapses for one year before and in the year of interferon-beta-1b treatment.

Wernicke's encephalopathy induced by hyperemesis gravidarum.

A report is presented on a patient with Wernicke's encephalopathy secondary to hyperemesis gravidarum. The 25-year-old female presented 11 weeks into pregnancy with prolonged vomiting. Neurological examination 8 weeks later demonstrated obtunded sensations, nystagmus and ataxia of gait.

The prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the Hungarian city of Szeged.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of multiple sclerosis in a population in South Hungary.

Methods: The diagnosis was established with the aid of the Poser diagnostic criteria and the degree of physical disability was determined on the Kurtzke expanded disability status scale (EDSS). The present medical state (EDSS score) was determined from outpatient clinical control tests.

Serum interleukin-6 levels correlate with the severity of dementia in Down syndrome and in Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Inflammatory processes are suspected in the pathomechanism of Alzheimer's dementia (AD) but the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of inflammatory cytokines are not yet determined in the different forms of the disorder.

Subjects And Methods: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were examined in the sera and CSF of patients with mild-moderate and severe stage of late onset sporadic type of AD and in the sera of demented Down syndrome (DS) probands with similar stages of AD and compared with data of age-matched healthy controls.

Results: Normal serum IL-6 levels were found in the mild-moderate stage, but significantly increased levels were found in the severe stage of both dementia groups.

[Prion dementias: nosology and diagnostic difficulties in the spectrum of Creutzfeld-Jakob encephalopathy].

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is one form of subacute prion diseases with spongiform encephalopathy. Hereditary, infectious and sporadic types of the disorder can be distinguished. The abnormal transformation of the prion protein, relevant in the normal synaptic transmission is considered as an important factor in the development of this disease.

Lack of effect of desglycinamide-arginine-vasopressin (DGAVP) on memory in patients with korsakoff's syndrome.

The effect of desglycinamide9-[Arg8]-vasopressin (DGAVP) on memory processes was studied in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome. Intranasal treatment with DGAVP for 7 days affected neither attention nor short- and long-term memories. It is suggested that treatment with DGAVP is not indicated for all types of memory disorders, and that the beneficial effect of this treatment may depend on the integrity of certain brain structures.

Effects of desglycinamide-arginine-vasopressin (DG-AVP) on memory processes in diabetes insipidus patients and non-diabetic subjects.

The effects of desglycinamide9-arginine8-vasopressin (DG-AVP) on memory processes have been studied in patients with central diabetes insipidus (DI) and in non-diabetic control patients. Acute im injection of DG-AVP improved some aspects of short-term memory. Subchronic intranasal administration of DG-AVP facilitated short-term memory more consistently and in addition improved long-term memory.

Effects of lysine-vasopressin and 1-deamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin on memory in healthy individuals and diabetes insipidus patients.

Central diabetes insipidus (DI) patients showed impairments in short- and long-term memory functions, but not in attention and concentration, as compared to healthy individuals. A single i.m.

[The effect of kryptopyrrole on the brain-activity of cats: a quantitative EEG-analysis (author's transl)].

Continuing earlier investigation Z. EEG-EMG, 1976, 7, 151-156 the authors have studied the electrical activity of the cortex and subcortical regions elicited by stimulating mesencephalic reticular formation, after injection i.p.