Effect of Combined Low Dose Human Gonadotropic Hormone, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, and Testosterone Therapy (LFT Regimen) Versus Conventional High Dose Human Gonadotropic Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone on Spermatogenesis and Biomarkers in Men With Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism.

Objective: In male congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH), it was observed that lower dose human gonadotropic hormone (hCG) can maintain normal intratesticular testosterone levels. We propose this study to compare the low-dose hCG, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and Testosterone (T) [LFT Regimen] to conventional treatment to induce virilization and fertility.

Design: This open-label randomized pilot study was conducted from June 2020 to December 2021.

Nanotechnology based technological development in biofuel production: Current status and future prospects.

Depleting fossil fuels and net carbon emissions associated with their burning have driven the need to find alternative energy sources. Biofuels are near-perfect candidates for alternative energy sources as they are renewable and account for no net CO emissions. However, biofuel production must overcome various challenges to compete with conventional fuels.

A panoramic view of technological landscape for bioethanol production from various generations of feedstocks.

Bioethanol is an appropriate alternate energy option due to its renewable, nontoxic, environmentally friendly, and carbon-neutral nature. Depending upon various feedstocks, bioethanol is classified in different various generations. First-generation ethanol created a food vs fuel problem, which was overcome by second-generation, third-generation and fourth-generation ethanol.

Preoperative Predictors for the Presence of Motile Spermatozoa in the Epididymis and Patency of Anastomosis during Microsurgical Vasoepididymal Anastomosis in Patients with Obstructive Azoospermia.

Background: Following microsurgical vaso-epididymal anastomosis (VEA), anastomotic patency with sperm returning to the ejaculate is not always present and may even be delayed. The presence of motile spermatozoa is highly suggestive of future patency following surgery.

Aims: We prospectively analyse the factors that could predict motile spermatozoa at the epididymis intraoperatively and predictors of patency in patients with obstructive azoospermia (OA) undergoing microsurgical VEA.

Differential loss of fat in polycystic ovary syndrome: A welcome or warning sign?

Lipodystrophy syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by selective deficiency of adipose tissue and severe insulin resistance resulting in metabolic complications. Its presentation as polycystic ovary disease (PCOD) is even rarer. We present a 23-year-old woman who came with complaints of oligomenorrhoea and hirsutism.

How trainee doctors and nurses react to simulated scenarios of violence against healthcare workers: A cross-sectional study.

Medical and nursing students may have to face healthcare-related violence, especially now as they may be doing clinical duty during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study was conducted to analyse the perceptions and attitudes of medical and nursing students towards violence against healthcare workers (HCWs), when presented with audio-visual depiction of simulated scenarios. This cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of six months (April to September 2019) among the undergraduate medical and nursing students of first, second, pre-final and final years making it a total of 800 students.

Anthropometric and Pubertal Outcomes in Girls With Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Objectives: To evaluate the anthropometric and pubertal outcomes, over a spectrum of treatment regimens and compliance.

Methods: We reviewed records of the patients with classical CAH seen at the endocrinology clinic of a tertiary care center between 1995 and 2016.

Results: 25 females were included in the study, the majority (80%) with simple virilizing variant.

Developing and evaluating mental health lived experience practitioner (LXP) roles in an NHS trust.

Background: The value of establishing roles for people with lived experience of mental distress within mental health services is increasingly being recognised. However, there is limited information to guide the introduction of these roles into mental health services.

Aims: This study details the development and evaluation of a new mental health peer worker role, the Lived Experience Practitioner (LXP), within an NHS Trust.

Tracing the Journey of Endometrium, from Womb to Arm: Deltoid Endometriosis.

Background: Endometriosis is an enigma. Extrapelvic endometriosis is even more challenging, as theories of origin are difficult to explain. Very few cases of skeletal endometriosis have been reported in the literature.

Clinical indicators to define etiology in patients with primary amenorrhea: Lessons from a decade of experience.

Context: Primary Amenorrhea is worrisome for the adolescent as well as their guardian. It is essential to be able to identify the underlying pathology and initiate appropriate management strategies, well in time.

Aims: To study the clinical features, with an aim to identify discriminatory clinical features to indicate a most probable diagnosis.

"Through Thick and Thin:" Morphological Spectrum of Epididymal Tubules in Obstructive Azoospermia.

Morphological appearance of the epididymal tubules encountered at the time of microsurgical vasoepididymal anastomosis (VEA) is quite variable. They are the indicators of underlying etiology as well as guide further course of management. We present three cases of obstructive azoospermia with three different morphologies encountered during the microsurgical VEA.

Prospective randomized trial comparing efficacy of letrozole step-up protocol with letrozole plus gonadotropins for controlled ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination in patients with unexplained infertility.

Purpose: Empirical treatment options for unexplained infertility treatment include controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) with clomiphene citrate, letrozole or gonadotropins followed by intrauterine insemination (IUI). Achieving consistent multifollicular development with letrozole generally requires addition of gonadotropins. However, the cost and discomfort of injections remains a drawback of this regimen.

Adult Granulosa Cell Tumor: A Sinister Differential for Clomiphene-resistant Infertility.

Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are rare sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary. They may present with features of hyperestrogenism. We present a case of a 29-year-old nulliparous female, with infertility and oligomenorrhoea, initially managed with a provisional diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome.

A Rare Case of Successfully Treated Coombs Negative Immune Haemolytic Anaemia in Pregnancy.

Immune haemolytic anaemia in pregnancy, although rare, but it can be life threatening. Severe anaemia with jaundice, unresponsive to blood transfusion can clinch the diagnosis of immune haemolytic anaemia. Our patient was a 27-year-old second gravida, with all the above features, but there was diagnostic challenge as her Coombs test was negative.