Characteristics of annual NH emissions from a conventional vegetable field under various nitrogen management strategies.

High N-fertilizer applications to conventional vegetable production systems are associated with substantial emissions of NH, a key substance that triggers haze pollution and ecosystem eutrophication and thus, causing considerable damage to human and ecosystem health. While N fertilization effects on NH volatilization from cereal crops have been relatively well studied, little is known about the magnitude and yield-scaled emissions of NH from vegetable systems. Here we report on a 2-year field study investigating the effect of various types and rates of fertilizer application on NH emissions and crop yields for a pepper-lettuce-cabbage rotation system in southwest China.

Effects of crop residue incorporation and properties on combined soil gaseous NO, NO, and NH emissions-A laboratory-based measurement approach.

Crop residues may serve as a significant source of soil emissions of NO and other trace gases. According to the emission factors (EFs) set by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), NO emission is proportional to the amount of N added by residues to the soil. However, the effects of crop residues on the source and sink strength of agroecosystems for trace gases are regulated by their properties, such as the C and N content; C/N ratio; lignin, cellulose, and soluble fractions; and residue humidity.

Effect of vole bioturbation on NO, NO, NH, CH and CO fluxes of slurry fertilized and non-fertilized montane grassland soils in Southern Germany.

Populations of rodents such as common vole (Microtus arvalis) can develop impressive soil bioturbation activities in grasslands. These burrowing and nesting activities highly impact soil physicochemical properties as well as vegetation coverage and diversity. Managed grasslands in livestock production regions receive significant amounts of slurry, commonly at high loads at the beginning of the vegetation period.

Earthworms offset straw-induced increase of greenhouse gas emission in upland rice production.

Increasing water scarcity and rapid socio-economic development are driving farmers in Asia to transform traditionally flooded rice cropping systems into non-flooded crop production. The management of earthworms in non-flooded rice fields appears to be a promising strategy to support residue recycling and mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions triggered by residue amendment. We conducted a field experiment on non-flooded rainfed rice fields, with and without residue amendment.

Ovarian cyst removal influences ovarian reserve dependent on histology, size and type of operation.

Previous publications suggest a reduction in the ovarian reserve following ovarian surgery. The influence of the underlying disease, histology, size of the ovarian cyst and type of procedure remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of an ovarian operation on the ovarian reserve, based on the anti-Müllerian hormone levels.

Mixed Lymphangioma and Cavernous Hemangioma Within the Ulnar Nerve: A Case Report.

Background: Lymphangiomas are benign lymphatic vessel hamartomas typically found in the skin or subcutaneous tissue of the head and neck. Although mostly seen in a congenital context, acquired forms have been reported. By contrast, cavernous hemangiomas are benign hamartomas of endothelial origin.

Greenhouse gas emissions and global warming potential of traditional and diversified tropical rice rotation systems.

Global rice agriculture will be increasingly challenged by water scarcity, while at the same time changes in demand (e.g. changes in diets or increasing demand for biofuels) will feed back on agricultural practices.

Nodular Basal cell carcinoma arising in a split-thickness skin graft of the scalp.

We present the first known case of basal cell carcinoma arising in a split-thickness skin graft in the United States. The apparent low incidence of basal cell carcinoma in split-thickness skin graft attests to its unique environment and could possibly be attributed to the following: (1) the donor sites for split-thickness skin grafts are usually areas that are not subjected to heavy sun exposure; (2) individuals with skin grafts may not live as long on average, or their skin grafts may be subsequently excised with further reconstructive procedures; and (3) cases may be underreported. Because basal cell carcinomas have a fairly benign course, many patients either do not present to a physician or are not reported.

Prevention of anastomotic thrombosis by botulinum toxin B after acute injury in a rat model.

Purpose: Revascularized or replanted digits may fail because of vessel thrombosis. Off-label use of botulinum toxin type A injected subcutaneously has been used successfully in limited case series to treat vasospastic disorders. Botulinum toxin type B (BTX-B) is thought to have an earlier onset of action than type A in certain settings.

Treatment of prominent and constricted ear anomalies.

Although the physiologic effects of ear deformity are negligible, the aesthetic and psychological impact on the patient can be profound. Significant ear malformations are prevalent in today's society and affect more than 5 percent of the population. Although the prominent ear results from either underdevelopment of the antihelix or an enlarged conchal bowl, the constricted ear is a product of helical down-folding and height deficiency.

Techniques in frontal sinus fracture repair.

Constituting only 5 percent of facial fractures, frontal sinus fractures are relatively uncommon. However, given the great amount of force required to produce them, substantial morbidity is often seen. A thorough understanding of corrective techniques is essential when approaching these challenging injuries.

[Viral gastroenteritis. An epidemiologic investigation between the period 2001-2006].

Background: The most common causes for diarrhea both in children and adults are of viral genesis. Thereby rota-, noro-, adeno-, and astroviruses are mentioned in descending order. The diagnosis of these frequently nosocomial infections can easily result from virus antigen detection of stool samples.

The use of bioimpedance analysis to evaluate lymphedema.

Background: Lymphedema, a chronic disfiguring condition resulting from lymphatic dysfunction or disruption, can be difficult to accurately diagnose and manage. Of particular challenge is identifying the presence of clinically significant limb swelling through simple and noninvasive methods. Many historical and currently used techniques for documenting differences in limb volume, including volume displacement and circumferential measurements, have proven difficult and unreliable.

Components separation combined with abdominal wall plication for repair of large abdominal wall hernias following bariatric surgery.

Background: Abdominal wall hernias frequently occur after open bariatric surgical procedures. Standard repair with synthetic mesh may be suboptimal, with a recurrence rate as high as 50 percent. Patients often seek hernia repair in conjunction with abdominal body contouring procedures following substantial weight loss.

Evaluation and management of the fat leg syndrome.

Learning Objectives: After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Discuss the initial evaluation of a patient presenting with lower extremity enlargement. 2.

Hepatic and pancreatic effects of polyenoylphosphatidylcholine in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes.

Polyenoylphosphatidylcholine (PPC: 100 or 300 mg kg-1 b.w., by gastric intubation for 30 days) produced a clearcut protection of the liver of rats treated with alloxan (150 mg kg-1 b.