Cryopeeling for treatment of photodamage and actinic keratosis: liquid nitrogen versus portable system.

Background: Cryopelling uses diffuse cryotherapy not only on lesions of actinic keratosis but all over the photodamaged skin.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare two cryopeeling methods (liquid nitrogen- LN and portable system - PS) and demonstrate their efficiency in the treatment of actinic keratoses, patient tolerance, researcher and patient preference and aesthetic results.

Methods: Sixteen patients (N = 16) with multiple actinic keratoses on the forearms were subjected to cryopeeling with LN on one of the forearms and PS on the other, randomly.

A simple and fast densitometric method for the analysis of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the substantia nigra pars compacta and in the ventral tegmental area.

Parkinson's disease is a progressive dyskinetic disorder caused by degeneration of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and, to a lesser extent, in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is a rate-limiting enzyme for dopamine synthesis, therefore immunohistochemistry for TH can be used as an important marker of dopaminergic cell loss in these regions. Traditionally, immunohistochemical experiments are analyzed qualitatively by optical microscopic observation or more rarely semi-quantitatively evaluated by densitometry.