[How effective are non-pharmacological interventions for family caregivers? A systematic review with meta-analyses].

Introduction: Informal caregiving is associated with mental disorders and reduced quality of life. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the results of methodologically high-quality intervention studies on the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions on patient-relevant outcomes for family caregivers in Germany.

Method: We searched three large scientific literature databases for intervention studies with a control group and a low or moderate risk of bias on the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for family caregivers in Germany.

Effects of occupational health promotion interventions on health-related outcomes among employees of small businesses and self-employed individuals: A systematic review.

Background: Compared to workers of larger companies it is less clear what health promoting interventions might be beneficial for employees of small businesses and self-employed individuals.

Objective: Our aim was to critically appraise trials investigating health promotion programs among small business workers and self-employed individuals, by means of a systematic review.

Methods: We conducted a search of primary studies using MEDLINE, Web of Science, LIVIVO and the Cochrane library.

Comparing the occurrence of chronic physical disorders in self-employed individuals with that of employees: A systematic review.

Background: A stringent systematic review of population-based observational studies focusing on the physical health of self-employed individuals as a basis for the development of targeted prevention strategies is lacking.

Objective: We aimed to systematically evaluate all the studies of good quality that compared the occurrence of chronic physical disorders in self-employed individuals with that of employees.

Methods: We searched three major medical databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase) following the Cochrane guidelines.

Mortality, Morbidity and Health-Related Outcomes in Informal Caregivers Compared to Non-Caregivers: A Systematic Review.

A systematic overview of mental and physical disorders of informal caregivers based on population-based studies with good methodological quality is lacking. Therefore, our aim was to systematically summarize mortality, incidence, and prevalence estimates of chronic diseases in informal caregivers compared to non-caregivers. Following PRISMA recommendations, we searched major healthcare databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE and Web of Science) systematically for relevant studies published in the last 10 years (without language restrictions) (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020200314).

Occurrence of Mental Illness and Mental Health Risks among the Self-Employed: A Systematic Review.

We aimed to systematically identify and evaluate all studies of good quality that compared the occurrence of mental disorders in the self-employed versus employees. Adhering to the Cochrane guidelines, we conducted a systematic review and searched three major medical databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase), complemented by hand search. We included 26 (three longitudinal and 23 cross-sectional) population-based studies of good quality (using a validated quality assessment tool), with data from 3,128,877 participants in total.

Evaluation of Screening Tests in Bavarian Healthcare Facilities during the Second Wave of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.

Due to the lack of data on asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2-positive persons in healthcare institutions, they represent an inestimable risk. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the first 1,000,000 reported screening tests of asymptomatic staff, patients, residents, and visitors in hospitals and long-term care (LTC) facilities in the State of Bavaria over a period of seven months. Data were used from the online database BayCoRei (Bavarian Corona Screening Tests), established in July 2020.

Ovarian cyst formation in women of reproductive age receiving mitotane as part of the treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma: Clinical and experimental observations.

Introduction: Mitotane is an adrenolytic drug that is used as an adjuvant to treat adrenocortical carcinoma. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical course and pathogenetic mechanisms underlying ovarian cyst formation in women of reproductive age diagnosed with adrenocortical carcinoma and being treated with mitotane as an adjuvant to surgery.

Material And Methods: Five women presented with stage III-IV adrenocortical carcinoma and ovarian cyst formation during mitotane treatment.

Antithrombotic treatment and risk of complications after head and neck full thickness skin graft surgery.

Head and neck skin cancer surgery using a full thickness skin graft is a common procedure. Evidence concerning the effects of perioperative antithrombotic treatment on complications is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether perioperative antithrombotic treatment is associated with risk of necrosis, bleeding or infection after full thickness skin graft surgery.

CD4 regulatory T cells in gastric cancer mucosa are proliferating and express high levels of IL-10 but little TGF-β.

Background: An increase of regulatory T cells, defined as CD25- and/or FOXP3-expressing CD4 T cells, within tumors has been reported in several studies. Tregs promote tumor growth by modulating the antitumor immune response, mainly through inhibition of T-cell-mediated tumor cell killing: this has been suggested to be dependent on IL-10 and/or TGF-β. In stomach cancer, the mechanisms behind the accumulation of Tregs in tumor tissue has not been fully elucidated, and neither has Treg gene expression in situ.

Dietary intake, resting energy expenditure, and eating behavior in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Data on dietary intake, meal patterns, and eating attitudes from women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is limited despite the fact that PCOS is associated with obesity. We aimed to test the hypothesis that women with PCOS display altered dietary intakes and eating behaviors compared to controls.

Methods: Women with PCOS (n = 72) as defined according to the modified Rotterdam criteria were compared with healthy controls (n = 30).

Serum anti-Müllerian hormone and ovarian morphology assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in response to acupuncture and exercise in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate whether electro-acupuncture or physical exercise influence serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC) or ovarian volume in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: Secondary analyses of a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial.

Setting: University Hospital, Sweden.

A four-diode full-wave ionic current rectifier based on bipolar membranes: overcoming the limit of electrode capacity.

Full-wave rectification of ionic currents is obtained by constructing the typical four-diode bridge out of ion conducting bipolar membranes. Together with conjugated polymer electrodes addressed with alternating current, the bridge allows for generation of a controlled ionic direct current for extended periods of time without the production of toxic species or gas typically arising from electrode side-reactions.

Ovarian morphology assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome and associations with antimüllerian hormone, free testosterone, and glucose disposal rate.

Objective: To characterize ovarian morphology and perfusion by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to investigate associations with antimüllerian hormone (AMH), free T, and glucose disposal rate (GDR).

Design: Explorative cross-sectional study.

Setting: University hospital.

Copper-mediated cyanotrifluoromethylation of styrenes using the Togni reagent.

Styrenes with an electron-deficient double bond undergo cyanotrifluoromethylation with a trifluoromethylated hypervalent iodine reagent in the presence of CuCN. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions in the presence of bulky phosphines or B2pin2 additives. The process is highly regioselective and involves the consecutive formation of two C-C bonds in a single addition reaction.

Copper-mediated C-H trifluoromethylation of quinones.

Quinones undergo copper-mediated C-H trifluoromethylation reactions using a hypervalent iodine reagent. The reactions have a broad synthetic scope involving naphtho, alkyl, chloro and methoxy quinones.

Acupuncture and physical exercise for affective symptoms and health-related quality of life in polycystic ovary syndrome: secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have symptoms of depression and anxiety and impaired health related quality of life (HRQoL). Here we test the post-hoc hypothesis that acupuncture and exercise improve depression and anxiety symptoms and HRQoL in PCOS women.

Methods: Seventy-two PCOS women were randomly assigned to 16 weeks of 1) acupuncture (n = 28); 2) exercise (n = 29); or 3) no intervention (control) (n = 15).

Uterine morphology and peristalsis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with chronic oligo-anovulation and high circulating sex hormone levels. Women with PCOS have an increased risk of developing endometrial cancer. In anovulatory women with PCOS a positive relationship between endometrial thickness and endometrial hyperplasia has been observed.

Quality of life after adopting compared with childbirth with or without assisted reproduction.

Objective: This study compares quality of life among couples who had adopted a child 4-5.5 years previously with couples whose conception was spontaneous, as well as with couples who had successful or unsuccessful in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Electrophilic trifluoromethylation by copper-catalyzed addition of CF3-transfer reagents to alkenes and alkynes.

Regio- and stereoselective Cu-catalyzed addition of the above hypervalent iodine reagent to alkynes and alkenes was achieved. In the presence of CuI, the reaction is suitable to perform trifluoromethyl-benzoyloxylation and trifluoromethyl-halogenation of alkenes and alkynes. Electron-donating substituents accelerate the process, and alkenes react faster than alkynes emphasizing the electrophilic character of the addition reaction.

MiR-21 is up-regulated in psoriasis and suppresses T cell apoptosis.

MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression. Previously, in a genome-wide screen, we found deregulation of microRNA expression in psoriasis skin. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is one of the microRNAs significantly up-regulated in psoriasis skin lesions.