M&M: an RNA-seq based pan-cancer classifier for paediatric tumours.

Background: With many rare tumour types, acquiring the correct diagnosis is a challenging but crucial process in paediatric oncology. Historically, this is done based on histology and morphology of the disease. However, advances in genome wide profiling techniques such as RNA sequencing now allow the development of molecular classification tools.

Complex structural variation is prevalent and highly pathogenic in pediatric solid tumors.

In pediatric cancer, structural variants (SVs) and copy-number alterations contribute to cancer initiation as well as progression, thereby aiding diagnosis and treatment stratification. Although suggested to be of importance, the prevalence and biological relevance of complex genomic rearrangements (CGRs) across pediatric solid tumors is largely unexplored. In a cohort of 120 primary tumors, we systematically characterized patterns of extrachromosomal DNA, chromoplexy, and chromothripsis across five pediatric solid cancer types.

Systematic discovery of gene fusions in pediatric cancer by integrating RNA-seq and WGS.

Background: Gene fusions are important cancer drivers in pediatric cancer and their accurate detection is essential for diagnosis and treatment. Clinical decision-making requires high confidence and precision of detection. Recent developments show RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is promising for genome-wide detection of fusion products but hindered by many false positives that require extensive manual curation and impede discovery of pathogenic fusions.

Effects of multidomain lifestyle interventions on cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease prevention: A literature review and future recommendations.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with an increasing incidence and currently without a cure. It is speculated that targeting multiple modifiable risk factors (MRFs) could be a beneficial strategy for the prevention of cognitive decline and AD. This study provides an overview and discusses the existing literature on multidomain lifestyle interventions in relation to cognitive decline and the prevention of AD.

Office blood pressure versus ambulatory blood pressure measurement in childhood obesity.

Background: The prevalence of obesity-related co-morbidities is rising parallel to the childhood obesity epidemic. High blood pressure (BP), as one of these co-morbidities, is detected nowadays at increasingly younger ages. The diagnosis of elevated BP and hypertension, especially in the childhood population, presents a challenge to clinicians.

The Association of Vitamin D Status with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Subtypes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in Dutch Geriatric Outpatients.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). At the same time, this knowledge is limited specifically for vascular dementia (VaD), while data regarding other subtypes of dementia are even more limited.

Objective: To investigate the association of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) status with dementia subtypes in an outpatient geriatric population.

The relation between cognitive-behavioural responses to symptoms in patients with long term medical conditions and the outcome of cognitive behavioural therapy for fatigue - A secondary analysis of four RCTs.

Background: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is effective in reducing fatigue across long-term conditions (LTCs). This study evaluated whether cognitive and behavioural responses to symptoms: 1) differ between LTCs and 2) moderate and/or mediate the effect of CBT on fatigue.

Method: Data were used from four Randomized Controlled Trials testing the efficacy of CBT for fatigue in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/ME (N = 240), Multiple Sclerosis (N = 90), Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (N = 120) and Q-fever fatigue syndrome (N = 155).

Lithium carbonate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients homozygous for the C-allele at SNP rs12608932 in UNC13A: protocol for a confirmatory, randomized, group-sequential, event-driven, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Given the large genetic heterogeneity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), it seems likely that genetic subgroups may benefit differently from treatment. An exploratory meta-analysis identified that patients homozygous for the C-allele at SNP rs12608932, a single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene UNC13A, had a statistically significant survival benefit when treated with lithium carbonate. We aim to confirm the efficacy of lithium carbonate on the time to death or respiratory insufficiency in patients with ALS homozygous for the C-allele at SNP rs12608932 in UNC13A.

Molecular Characterization Reveals Subclasses of 1q Gain in Intermediate Risk Wilms Tumors.

Chromosomal alterations have recurrently been identified in Wilms tumors (WTs) and some are associated with poor prognosis. Gain of 1q (1q+) is of special interest given its high prevalence and is currently actively studied for its prognostic value. However, the underlying mutational mechanisms and functional effects remain unknown.

Mesenchymal tumor organoid models recapitulate rhabdomyosarcoma subtypes.

Rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) are mesenchyme-derived tumors and the most common childhood soft tissue sarcomas. Treatment is intense, with a nevertheless poor prognosis for high-risk patients. Discovery of new therapies would benefit from additional preclinical models.

Weight Gain in Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Protective Effect of Lifestyle Intervention in Children with Obesity.

Introduction: School closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic affect children's daily structure, mealtimes, physical activity, and sleeping habits, possibly exacerbating weight gain, particularly in vulnerable children with overweight and obesity. This study aimed to evaluate both perceived and objectively measured weight gain in children in the Netherlands during the COVID-19 pandemic and the effect of prior lifestyle intervention.

Methods: A total of 150 children of the Children, Obesity and Lifestyle during COVID-19 (COLC) study (cohort A) reported perceptions of weight change during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Quality of life of children and adolescents with clinical obesity, perspectives of children and parents.

Background/objectives: Childhood obesity can have important psychological impacts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. The participants were referred to an outpatient hospital-based obesity treatment.

Prediction of long-term outcome after cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome.

Objective: To determine which variables predicted long-term outcome after cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).

Methods: A cohort of 511 CFS patients from four different CBT for CFS studies, i.e.

Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Stepped Care for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Randomized Noninferiority Trial.

Background: Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (I-CBT) leads to a reduction of fatigue severity and disability in adults with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). However, not all patients profit and it remains unclear how I-CBT is best embedded in the care of CFS patients.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of stepped care, using therapist-assisted I-CBT, followed by face-to-face (f2f) cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) when needed, with f2f CBT (treatment as usual [TAU]) on fatigue severity.

Implementation of stepped care for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome in community-based mental health care: outcomes at post-treatment and long-term follow-up.

Background: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Stepped care for CFS, consisting of a minimal intervention followed by face-to-face CBT, was found efficacious when tested in a CFS specialist centre. Stepped care implemented in a community-based mental health centre (MHC) has not yet been evaluated.

Drug use is associated with lower plasma magnesium levels in geriatric outpatients; possible clinical relevance.

Background: Hypomagnesemia has been associated with diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other disorders. Drug use has been suggested as one of the risk factors for low magnesium (Mg) levels. In the elderly population, prone to polypharmacy and inadequate Mg intake, hypomagnesemia might be relevant.

The Timing of Initiating Complementary Feeding in Preterm Infants and Its Effect on Overweight: A Systematic Review.

Background: What is the appropriate time to start complementary feeding for preterm infants? The answer to this question is yet under debate. The timing of initiating complementary feeding may be associated with overweight in term infants. This systematic review aimed to study the effect of the timing of initiating complementary feeding on overweight in preterm infants.

Efficacy of web-based cognitive-behavioural therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome: randomised controlled trial.

Background: Face-to-face cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) leads to a reduction of fatigue in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Aims To test the efficacy of internet-based CBT (iCBT) for adults with CFS.

Method: A total of 240 patients with CFS were randomised to either iCBT with protocol-driven therapist feedback or with therapist feedback on demand, or a waiting list.

Maintenance interventions for overweight or obesity in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Childhood obesity is associated with significant health consequences. Although several intervention programmes for children result in weight loss or stabilization in the short-term, preventing relapse after treatment remains an important challenge. This systematic review summarizes the evidence about maintenance interventions after treatment in childhood obesity.

Differential adipokine receptor expression on circulating leukocyte subsets in lean and obese children.

Background: Childhood obesity prevalence has increased worldwide and is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The production of inflammatory adipokines by obese adipose tissue contributes to the development of T2D and CVD. While levels of circulating adipokines such as adiponectin and leptin have been established in obese children and adults, the expression of adiponectin and leptin receptors on circulating immune cells can modulate adipokine signalling, but has not been studied so far.

Public health relevance of drug-nutrition interactions.

The public health relevance of drug-nutrition interactions is currently highly undervalued and overlooked. This is particularly the case for elderly persons where multi-morbidity and consequently polypharmacy is very common. Vitamins and other micronutrients have central functions in metabolism, and their interactions with drugs may result in clinically relevant physiological impairments but possibly also in positive effects.

Long-term follow-up after cognitive behaviour therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome.

Objective: Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Main aim was to determine whether treatment effects were maintained up to 10years after treatment.

Methods: Participants (n=583) of previously published studies on the effects of CBT for CFS were contacted for a long-term follow-up assessment.

Protein-enriched familiar foods and drinks improve protein intake of hospitalized older patients: A randomized controlled trial.

Background & Aims: Adequate protein intake is important in preventing and treating undernutrition. Hospitalized older patients are recommended to consume 1.2-1.

[IC triage in patients with an acutely worsening condition; challenges, considerations and decisions].

Acute intensive care (IC) triage involves a challenging decision-making process. Physicians are required to make life or death decisions about an unfamiliar patient within a short time frame. An 84-year-old female was admitted to the stroke unit following an extensive cerebral infarction.