Archaeogenetic analysis revealed East Eurasian paternal origin to the Aba royal family of Hungary.

The Aba family played a pivotal role in Medieval Hungary, dominating vast territories and producing influential figures. We conducted an archaeogenetic study on remains from the necropolis in Abasár, the political center of the Aba clan, to identify family members and explore their genetic origins. Using Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) data from 19 individuals and radiocarbon dating, we identified 6 Aba family members with close kinship ties.

Mesocorticolimbic and Cardiometabolic Diseases-Two Faces of the Same Coin?

The risk behaviors underlying the most prevalent chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) encompass alcohol misuse, unhealthy diets, smoking and sedentary lifestyle behaviors. These are all linked to the altered function of the mesocorticolimbic (MCL) system. As the mesocorticolimbic circuit is central to the reward pathway and is involved in risk behaviors and mental disorders, we set out to test the hypothesis that these pathologies may be approached therapeutically as a group.

Association of monoaminergic gene polymorphisms in chronic inflammatory pulmonary disease patients with successful smoking cessation.

Background: Albeit smoking cessation has unequivocal health benefits, attempts to quit are not unanimous, even in patient populations at high risk for smoking-related diseases cessation. Allelic variations of enzymes involved in dopamine metabolism are being considered as candidates for nicotine addiction. We set out to assess whether rs4680 G/A and rs2235186 G/A polymorphisms of COMT and MAO-A, respectively are associated with the ability to quit smoking in chronic inflammatory pulmonary disease patients.

The roof step cut: A novel technique for bony reconstruction of acetabular roof deficiency during total hip replacement.

Objectives: This study aims to present a new technique, the roof step cut (RSC), for acetabular augmentation of hip dysplasia.

Patients And Methods: Between December 2008 and March 2020, we applied the RSC technique in a total of 48 hips of 41 patients (2 males, 39 females; mean age: 50.1±9.

[Early effects of different irradiation techniques used in the treatment of prostate cancer on urination].

Unlabelled: Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A prosztatarák kezelésében jelentős szerepet kapnak a különböző sugárterápiás eljárások. Ennek ellenére a vizelési képességre gyakorolt, rövid és hosszú távú mellékhatásaikat objektív vizsgálómódszerrel igen kevés tanulmányban vizsgálták.

[Glycated hemoglobin as an option in screening for metabolic syndrome].

Unlabelled: Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A metabolikus szindróma előfordulása és jelentősége az elhízás prevalenciájával arányosan megnövekedett. Diagnosztizálása különböző kritériumrendszerek segítségével történhet.

Risk-based diabetes screening in a Hungarian general practice: comparison of laboratory methods and diagnostic criteria.

Aim: Aim of cross-sectional study was to survey the risk of diabetes mellitus in a severely disadvantaged Hungarian community and then to use laboratory tests to screen for potential carbohydrate metabolism disorders among those in the moderate- and high-risk groups.

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus shows a worrisome trend worldwide. Low socio-economic status significantly affects the development of diabetes, healthy life years and life expectancy.

A drop of self-confidence program about urinary incontinence.

Aim: The aim of our study was to find and map untreated incontinence patients through general practitioner (GP) practices.

Methods: General practitioners and their assistants participated in the program (Group A). GPs of all the country were involved in a representative manner.

[Training concept of integrative medicine in Hungary based on international models].

Integrative medicine is a new approach in the 21st century healthcare system, which integrates conventional medicine and evidence-based, safe and efficient complementary therapies into a unified biomedicine. Medical doctors and complementary therapists work together in partnership with patients to help them recover and live a whole life. Equally important is the maintenance and enhancement of health and well-being in which therapists become role-models.

[Risk-based prediabetes screening in a rural general practice - oral glucose tolerance test or glycated hemoglobin?].

The aim of this study was to implement a two-stage diabetes screening programme in a severely disadvantaged municipality. In the first stage, diabetes risk assessment was carried out in the 18 to 75 age group, followed by screening of the high risk population for potential carbohydrate metabolism disorders using laboratory tests. Stage 1: assessment of diabetes risk with the FINDRISC questionnaire; Stage 2: identification of carbohydrate metabolism status by oral glucose tolerance test and glycated haemoglobin test in patients with elevated or high risk of diabetes.

Evaluation of trace metal levels in surface water and sediments of the Hungarian upper section of the Danube River and its tributaries.

The objective of this study was to assess the concentration levels of trace metals (Zn, Hg, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb and Cu) in surface water and bottom sediments of the Hungarian upper section of the Danube River and its main tributaries. A total of 935 samples (water and sediments) were collected from 10 different sampling sites in the period of 2001-2012 and analyzed for the trace metals. Moreover, the dissolved arsenic content was determined in a number of 467 water samples in the period of 2004-2012.

[Genetic and epigenetic factors of polycystic ovary syndrome].

The development of polycystic ovary syndrome and its exact pathophysiological mechanism is still unclear, but environmental and genetic factors likely play a role. Exposition to teratogenic effects during the prenatal development can lead to chronic diseases in the postnatal period. This finding confirms the common familial aggregation as well.

[Clinical aspects of congenital maxillofacial deformities].

The cleft lip and palate deformity is one of the most common type of congenital abnormalities. The aim of this paper is to summarise the literature knowledge about cleft lip and/or palate. The authors review and discuss international literature data on the prevention, genetic and environmental predisposing factors, anatomical and embryological features, as well as pre- and post-natal diagnosis and treatment of these deformities.

[News methods for second trimester screening of Down syndrome: statistical analysis of the use of nasal bone length and prenasal thickness].

Introduction: Sonographic measurements of nasal bone length and prenasal soft tissue thickness are ultrasonographic methods for prenatal screening of Down syndrome.

Aim: The aim of the authors was to create a local normogram for nasal bone length and prenasal soft tissue thickness measurements and to test the performance of different statistical methods.

Method: Euploid (N = 1500) and trisomy 21 foetuses (N = 10) studied between April 2008 and December 2013 were included.

Nasal bone length: prenasal thickness ratio: a strong 2D ultrasound marker for Down syndrome.

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of incorporating two-dimensional ultrasound measurements of nasal bone length (NBL) and prenasal thickness (PT) into the second-trimester anomaly scan and to determine whether the NBL : PT ratio could help in differentiating euploid and Down syndrome fetuses.

Method: Two-dimensional measurements of NBL and PT were obtained from the midsagittal plane of the fetal head at 14-28 weeks of gestation in a Caucasian population at risk for aneuploidy. The screening performances of NBL, PT, and the ratios NBL : PT and PT : NBL were analyzed in euploid (n = 1330) and Down syndrome (n = 33) fetuses.

Occurrence and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface water and sediments of the Danube River and its tributaries, Hungary.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were identified and quantified in surface water and sediments from 9 sites in the Hungarian upper section of the Danube River and its tributaries in autumn 2012. The total PAH concentrations (sum of the concentrations of 17 individual PAH compounds) in water samples ranged from 67 to 96 ng L(-1), which were predominated by two- and three-ring PAHs. The total PAH concentrations in sediments ranged from 35.

Application of a vibrating device for the prevention of flexion contracture after total knee arthroplasty.

Our research team developed a new, heel support-based static and vibrating complementary treatment method for the prevention of flexion contractures often arising after total knee arthroplasty. We examined the efficiency of the method performing a randomized clinical trial with 144 patients undergoing total knee replacement. Seventy-nine patients were treated for 1 week with a generally used continuous passive motion (CPM) device complemented with our new method, which was based on the application of a static and an alternating heel support.

Early detection of Angelman syndrome resulting from de novo paternal isodisomic 15q UPD and review of comparable cases.

Background: Angelman syndrome is a rare neurogenetic disorder that results in intellectual and developmental disturbances, seizures, jerky movements and frequent smiling. Angelman syndrome is caused by two genetic disturbances: either genes on the maternally inherited chromosome 15 are deleted or inactivated or two paternal copies of the corresponding genes are inherited (paternal uniparental disomy). A 16-month-old child was referred with minor facial anomalies, neurodevelopmental delay and speech impairment.

Trace metal and metalloid levels in surface water of Marcal River before and after the Ajka red mud spill, Hungary.

The aim of this study was to compare and assess the dissolved concentrations of trace elements (As, Zn, Hg, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb and Cu) in surface water of Marcal River before and after the red mud spill that occurred in Ajka, western Hungary, in October 2010. The caustic sludge flooded the surrounding settlements and polluted the nearby Torna Creek, which flows through the Marcal and Raba rivers into the Danube. A total of 92 surface water samples were collected from the Marcal River in the period of 2007-2012 and analysed for dissolved trace metal(loid)s by atomic absorption spectroscopy method.

The biological and biomechanical comparison of two bulk bone graft techniques used in case of dysplastic acetabulum.

Background: The incorporation of bulk bone grafts in the replacement of dysplastic acetabulum is determined by the biological environment of the recipient site, the size of the contact surface, and the stability of the osteosynthesis used. Based on these, the present study compares the Harris acetabular plasty used routinely by us with the Radojević L-shaped graft technique.

Methods: For our measurements, we used 20 hemi-pelvises removed from 10 cadavers.

Occurrence and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface water of the Raba River, Hungary.

The objective of this study was to investigate the concentration level and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface water of the Raba River; the largest Danube tributary in Hungary. A total of 54 water samples were collected in the period of 2008-2011 and analysed for PAHs by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method. The total PAH concentrations (sum of the concentrations of 17 individual PAH compounds) ranged from 41 to 437 ng/L with the mean value of 111 ±  69.