Second primary cancers in patients with a pharyngeal index tumour: a register-based cohort study.

Background: While prior research on the SPC (second primary cancer) risk among pharyngeal carcinoma (PC) patients has been conducted in other regions, the European perspective is underrepresented. Our register-based cohort study aims to assess the subsite-specific risk of SPC among individuals initially diagnosed with a pharyngeal index tumour.

Methods: Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) of SPC were calculated relative to the general population for all patients diagnosed with a primary oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal carcinoma (OPC, NPC, and HPC) in Finland during 1953-2021.

Cancer incidence following non-neoplastic medical conditions: a prospective population-based cohort study.

Background And Purpose: Many non-neoplastic diseases have been established to be tumorigenic, and cancers are sometimes misdiagnosed as non-neoplastic diseases. We conducted a comprehensive registry-based study of site-specific cancer diagnosis risk following the diagnosis of any preceding medical condition (PMC) encoded by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 classification.

Material And Methods: We analyzed healthcare data and cancer data for a random population-based sample of 2.

Leaving the parental home, cohabitation, and marriage after a hematologic malignancy in childhood-A register-based cohort study from the SALiCCS research program.

Introduction: Transitioning to adulthood often involves achieving independence from the parental home. We assessed whether the likelihood of leaving the parental home, cohabitation, and marriage was similar between patients who experienced a hematologic malignancy at a young age and their peers.

Methods: We identified 11,575 patients diagnosed with a hematologic malignancy under the age of 20 years between 1971 and 2011 in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden, 57,727 country-, age-, and sex-matched population comparisons and 11,803 sibling comparisons and obtained annual information on family and marital status by linking to the statistical institute databases.

Risk of Second Primary Cancer Among Patients with Cardio-Esophageal Cancer in Finland: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

Purpose: The occurrence of a second primary cancer (SPC) after primary esophageal carcinoma (EC) or gastric cardia carcinoma(GCC) is well acknowledged. However, previous research on the risk of SPC among these patients has been predominantly conducted in Asian countries. Yet, notable population-dependent variation in histological types and risk profiles exists.

Relative risk of second malignant neoplasms highest among young adult cancer patients - a population-based registry study in Finland.

Background And Purpose: The objective of this study was to explore the incidence of second malignant neoplasms (SMNs) among adult cancer patients in Finland diagnosed with their first primary cancer (FPC) in 1992-2021.

Material And Methods: The study used data from the population-based Finnish Cancer Registry (FCR). Risk estimates were calculated using the standardised incidence ratio (SIR), the ratio of observed second cancers compared to the expected numbers assuming the same cancer incidence as the corresponding sex-age-calendar year -split of the general population.

Subsequent malignant neoplasms after primary hematological malignancy in adult patients.

Patients with primary hematological malignancy (HM) are at an elevated risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs), which is a common concern after treatment of primary cancer. We identified 45,533 patients aged ≥20 years and diagnosed with primary HM in Finland from 1992 to 2019 from the Finnish Cancer Registry and estimated standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and excess absolute risks per 1000 person-years (EAR) for SMNs. A total of 6076 SMNs were found (4604 solid and 1472 hematological SMNs).

Improving cancer incidence evaluation through local government area matching: a study of the Edo-Benin cancer registry in Nigeria.

Background: Cancer registries in Nigeria, as well as in other sub-Saharan African countries, face challenges in adhering to international cancer registration standards. We aimed to improve cancer incidence estimation by identifying under-reporting of new cancers through matching patient-reported local government areas (LGAs) in Edo state, Nigeria, to their respective catchment populations.

Methods: Information on cancers was obtained from records of hospitals, medical clinics, pathology laboratories, and death certificates according to IARC guidelines.

Pairwise association of key lifestyle factors and risk of solid cancers - A prospective pooled multi-cohort register study.

Smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, and physical inactivity are key lifestyle risk factors for cancer. Previously these have been mostly examined singly or combined as an index, assuming independent and equivalent effects to cancer risk. The aim of our study was to systematically examine the joint pairwise and interactive effects of these lifestyle factors on the risk of a first solid primary cancer in a multi-cohort prospective setting.

Partial substitution of red meat or processed meat with plant-based foods and the risk of colorectal cancer.

Objectives: Shifting from animal-based to plant-based diets could reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence. Currently, the impacts of these dietary shifts on CRC risk are ill-defined. Therefore, we examined partial substitutions of red or processed meat with whole grains, vegetables, fruits or a combination of these in relation to CRC risk in Finnish adults.

Every tenth malignant solid tumor attributed to overweight and alcohol consumption: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Recent studies have shown that some four in ten cancers are attributable to a few key risk factors. The aim of this study was to estimate cohort-based population attributable fractions (PAFs) in Finland for potentially modifiable cancer risk factors.

Methods: Data from eight health studies including 253,953 subjects with 29,802 incident malignant solid tumors were analysed using Bayesian multivariate regression model with multiplicative risk factor effects.

A comprehensive analysis of mRNA expression profiles of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma reveals downregulation of Desmoglein 1 and crucial genomic targets.

Aim: Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) is a histological subtype of esophageal cancer that begins in the squamous cells in the esophagus. In only 19% of the ESCC-diagnosed patients, a five-year survival rate has been seen. This necessitates the identification of high-confidence biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and potential therapeutic targets for the mitigation of ESCC.

Significant risk of second primary cancer among laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients even after 20 years.

Background: Evidence on the risk of second primary cancer (SPC) following primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is limited, especially in Europe.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with primary LSCC from 1953-2018 were retrieved from the Finnish Cancer Registry. A total of 6241 LSCC patients were identified adding to 49,393 person-years (PY) of follow-up until the end of 2019.

Global comparative transcriptomes uncover novel and population-specific gene expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has a poor prognosis and is one of the deadliest gastrointestinal malignancies. Despite numerous transcriptomics studies to understand its molecular basis, the impact of population-specific differences on this disease remains unexplored.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the population-specific differences in gene expression patterns among ESCC samples obtained from six distinct global populations, identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their associated pathways, and identify potential biomarkers for ESCC diagnosis and prognosis.

Income disparities between adult childhood cancer survivors and their peers-A register-based cohort study from the SALiCCS research programme.

Background: Childhood cancer survivors face various adverse consequences. This Nordic register-based cohort study aimed to assess whether survivors of childhood cancer are more likely to have low income than their peers.

Methods: We identified 17,392 childhood cancer survivors diagnosed at ages 0 to 19 between 1971 and 2009 with 83,221 age-, sex-, and country-matched population comparisons.

Familial aggregation of early-onset cancers in early-onset breast cancer families.

The risk of early-onset (EO) breast cancer is known to be increased in relatives of EO breast cancer patients, but less is known about the familial risk of other EO cancers. We assessed familial risks of EO cancers (aged ≤40 years) other than breast cancer in 54 753 relatives of 5562 women with EO breast cancer (probands) by using a population-based cohort from Finland. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by using gender-, age- and period-specific cancer incidences of the general population as reference.

Incidence of head and neck cancer among first-generation immigrants and their children in Finland.

Introduction: Limited data exist regarding head and neck cancer (HNC) burden among immigrants who may have distinct characteristics, and hence different incidence rates from the general population. Variations in behavioral habits, cultural lifestyle, or diet may cause variations across different subgroups.

Methods: The whole immigrant population of Finnish residents born abroad, and their children were retrieved for the years 1970-2017.

Use of health services one year before primary colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) patient pathways focus typically on periods after confirmed diagnosis and only limited data are available on pathways prior to cancer diagnosis. The aim of the study was to describe the use of health services (HS) one year before diagnosis among CRC patients in Finland. We also studied the role of sex, age, stage, and university hospital district in relation to the use of HS during the pre-diagnostic phase.

Early-onset grade 2-3 diffuse gliomas and schwannomas increase the risk of central nervous system tumors among the patients' relatives.

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are a heterogeneous group of tumors that include several aggressive malignancies with a high mortality rate. This study aimed to evaluate the familial relative risk of CNS tumors in family members of early-onset index cases (probands) in and between diffuse glioma, non-diffuse glioma, meningioma, and other CNS tumors.

Methods: We retrieved tumor data from the Finnish cancer registry and familial relationships data from the population information system.

Sexually transmitted diseases in cancer patients diagnosed under the age of 20 years - a national registry-based cohort study from Finland.

Background: Adolescents with chronic diseases are shown to be vulnerable for risky sexual behavior. Childhood cancer patients seem to engage in risky health behaviors as frequently as general population, but little is known about sexual issues in this group of patients.

Material And Methods: We characterized the risk for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in a Finnish population-based cohort of over 6,000 childhood cancer patients diagnosed with cancer under the age of 20 years between 1971 and 2009, compared with over 30,000 age- and sex -matched population comparisons.

Incidence of cancer among Nordic police officers.

Police work may expose officers to various circumstances that have potential for increasing their risk of cancer, including traffic-related air pollution, night shift work and radiation from radars. In this study, we examined the incidence of cancer among Nordic male and female police officers. We utilize data from the Nordic Occupational Cancer (NOCCA) project, which linked census data on occupations from Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden to national cancer registries for the period 1961 to 2005.

Sex-specific familial aggregation of cancers in Finland.

Despite the fact that the effect of sex on the occurrence of cancers has been studied extensively, it remains unclear whether sex modifies familial aggregation of cancers. We explored sex-specific familial aggregation of cancers in a large population-based historical cohort study. We combined cancer and population registry data, inferring familial relationships from birth municipality-surname-sex (MNS) combinations.

Periodic trends in geographical variation of prostate cancer incidence and mortality in Finland between 1985 and 2019.

Background: Evaluation of regional variation of prostate cancer (PCa) incidence and PCa-specific mortality is essential in the assessment of equity in a national healthcare system. We evaluated PCa incidence and PCa-specific mortality between different municipalities and hospital districts in Finland over 1985-2019.

Material And Methods: Men diagnosed with PCa in Finland from 1985 through 2019 were retrieved from Finnish Cancer Registry.

Incidence trends of childhood central nervous system tumors in Finland 1990-2017.

Introduction: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in children. Our aim is to characterize incidence trends of pediatric CNS tumors in Finland over the last three decades.

Methods: Data on all benign and malignant incident CNS tumors diagnosed in children aged 0-14 years in 1990-2017 were extracted from the Finnish Cancer Registry and classified according to the 2016 WHO classification of CNS tumors.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer diagnosis based on pathology notifications: A comparison across the Nordic countries during 2020.

The severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent mitigation strategies have varied across the Nordic countries. In a joint Nordic population-based effort, we compared patterns of new cancer cases and notifications between the Nordic countries during 2020. We used pathology notifications to cancer registries in Denmark, the Faroe Islands, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden to determine monthly numbers of pathology notifications of malignant and in situ tumours from January to December 2020 compared to 2019 (2017-2019 for Iceland and the Faroe Islands).