Smoke-free hospitals in Poland - a cross-sectional survey.

Introduction: In 2010, the government of Poland passed an amended smoke-free law that strengthened existing tobacco control policies and banned smoking in hospitals. The aims of our study are: to determine the state of smoke-free practices in Polish hospitals, and to identify challenges facing hospitals implementing smoke-free practices.

Material And Methods: In 2018, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on a representative sample of 100 hospitals operating in Poland.

Dynamics of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in Poland: an epidemiological analysis of the first 2 months of the epidemic.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) is an infectious disease caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

Objectives: Our aim was to present an epidemiological analysis of the first 2 months (March and April 2020) of the COVID‑19 epidemic in Poland.

Patients And Methods: This analysis was based on data from epidemiological reports collected between March 4 and April 30, 2020, by the Chief Sanitary Inspectorate.

The Stemness of Human Ovarian Granulosa Cells and the Role of Resveratrol in the Differentiation of MSCs-A Review Based on Cellular and Molecular Knowledge.

Ovarian Granulosa Cells (GCs) are known to proliferate in the developing follicle and undergo several biochemical processes during folliculogenesis. They represent a multipotent cell population that has been differentiated to neuronal cells, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts in vitro. However, progression and maturation of GCs are accompanied by a reduction in their stemness.

Integrated analysis of the molecular pathogenesis of FDXR-associated disease.

The mitochondrial flavoprotein ferredoxin reductase (FDXR) is required for biogenesis of iron-sulfur clusters and for steroidogenesis. Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are ubiquitous cofactors essential to various cellular processes, and an increasing number of disorders are associated with disruptions in the synthesis of Fe-S clusters. Our previous studies have demonstrated that hypomorphic mutations in FDXR cause a novel mitochondriopathy and optic atrophy in humans and mice, attributed in part to reduced function of the electron transport chain (ETC) as well as elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Sex differences in the frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms and olfactory or taste disorders in 1942 nonhospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) is a communicable disease caused by a novel coronavirus.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess self‑reported frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms and olfactory or taste disorders in nonhospitalized patients with COVID‑19 in Poland.

Patients And Methods: This cross‑sectional survey was conducted between April 17 and 18, 2020, in 4516 nonhospitalized patients with COVID‑19 in Poland.

Impact of changing GOLD guidelines (2007-2011-2017) on assignment of a COPD patient to disease severity category.

Introduction: The international standard for the recognition and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is guided by a regularly updated set of criteria developed by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD).

Aim: To investigate the impact of updated COPD management guidelines from 2007 to 2017 (GOLD 2007, GOLD 2011 and GOLD 2017) on the assignment of patients into individual therapeutic groups, examining both individual and population dimensions.

Material And Methods: Each of 500 randomly chosen primary care physicians in Poland provided information on 10 individual COPD patients (disease history, clinical status, treatment and pharmacotherapy).

Higher Responsiveness to Rosuvastatin in Polygenic versus Monogenic Hypercholesterolaemia: A Propensity Score Analysis.

Unlabelled: Background The monogenic defect in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is detected in ∼40% of cases. The majority of mutation-negative patients have a polygenic cause of high LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C). We sought to investigate whether the underlying monogenic or polygenic defect is associated with the response to rosuvastatin.

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in 6-7-Year-Old Children-A Result of 9-Year Analysis of Big City Population in Poland.

Excess body weight is a serious public health problem, which affects both adults and children. Unfortunately, the prevalence of excess body weight in children in Poland is not subject to any regular screening. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of overweight and obesity in 6-7-year-old children in the municipality of Gdańsk in the years 2008-2016.

Occurrence of contaminants of emerging concern in aquatic ecosystems utilized by Minnesota tribal communities.

Pharmaceuticals, personal care products, hormones, and other chemicals lacking water quality standards are frequently found in surface water. While evidence is growing that these contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) - those previously unknown, unrecognized, or unregulated - can affect the behavior and reproduction of fish and wildlife, little is known about the distribution of these chemicals in rural, tribal areas. Therefore, we surveyed the presence of CECs in water, sediment, and subsistence fish species across various waterbodies, categorized as undeveloped (i.

Epidemiological Analysis of the First 1389 Cases of COVID-19 in Poland: A Preliminary Report.

BACKGROUND The World Health Organization has declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. This paper presents an epidemiological analysis of the first phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in Poland. MATERIAL AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out between 3 and 27 March 2020 on a sample of 1389 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases in Poland.

Hand Hygiene Among Doctors in Transplant Departments in Poland: A Cross-sectional Survey.

Introduction: Hand hygiene (HH) is often under-discussed in clinical work, but it is hard to overestimate its role in preventing health care associated infections (HCAIs), especially among immunocompromised populations such as transplant patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the compliance of doctors in transplant departments in Poland with HH and other selected infection control measures.

Material And Methods: An on-line cross-sectional survey was carried out among doctors from all Polish transplant departments listed by POLTRANSPLANT.

Epigenetic Research in Stem Cell Bioengineering-Anti-Cancer Therapy, Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine in Human Clinical Trials.

The epigenome denotes all the information related to gene expression that is not contained in the DNA sequence but rather results from chemical changes to histones and DNA. Epigenetic modifications act in a cooperative way towards the regulation of gene expression, working at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level, and play a key role in the determination of phenotypic variations in cells containing the same genotype. Epigenetic modifications are important considerations in relation to anti-cancer therapy and regenerative/reconstructive medicine.

Flaxseed ( L.) Supplementation in Patients Undergoing Lipoprotein Apheresis for Severe Hyperlipidemia-A Pilot Study.

Being rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, flaxseed ( L.) is thought to be able to decrease lipid levels and dampen inflammation. In this pilot study, we aimed to determine whether flaxseed supplementation could improve the profiles of lipids and inflammatory mediators in patients with severe hyperlipidemia resistant to conventional lipid-lowering pharmacotherapy and requiring lipoprotein apheresis.

Potential Drug Interactions between Recombinant Interleukin-2 and Direct Oral Anticoagulants: Indirect Evidence from In Vivo Animal Studies.

Recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) is indicated for metastatic renal cell carcinoma and melanoma. Over recent years low-dose rIL-2 has been studied for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and acute coronary syndrome because of its ability to expand and activate T regulatory (T) cells. However, several medical conditions potentially benefiting from rIL-2 administrations are characterized by an intrinsic prothrombotic risk, thus requiring concurrent anticoagulation.

Expression of genes involved in neurogenesis, and neuronal precursor cell proliferation and development: Novel pathways of human ovarian granulosa cell differentiation and transdifferentiation capability in vitro.

The process of neural tissue formation is associated primarily with the course of neurogenesis during embryonic life. The source of neural‑like cells is stem cells, which, under the influence of appropriate differentiating factors, may differentiate/transdifferentiate towards a neural‑like lineage. The present study suggested that, under long‑term in vitro culture conditions, human ovarian granulosa cells (GCs), obtained from granulosa‑rich follicular fluid, acquired new properties and expressed genes characteristic of the ontological groups 'neurogenesis' (GO:0022008), 'neuronal precursor cell proliferation' (GO:0061351) and 'nervous system development' (GO:0007399), which are closely related to the formation of neurons.

Public Health Interventions to Mitigate Early Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Poland.

This study aimed (1) to present public health interventions to mitigate the early spread of SARS-CoV-2 implemented in Poland between January 9 and March 29, 2020, and (2) to analyze the potential impact of these regulations on the early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in Poland. All legal regulations published in the Journal of Laws between January 9 and March 29, 2020, were analyzed. Out of 406 legal regulations identified, 56 were related to the COVID-19 outbreak.

Sublethal and Lethal Methods to Detect Recent Imidacloprid Exposure in Birds with Application to Field Studies.

We used domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) as a model for granivorous birds to identify methods to detect recent imidacloprid exposure in wild birds. We conducted dosing experiments of 1, 5, 10, and 20% of a reported median lethal dose for domestic chickens using repeated daily exposures over 7 d, at dosages equating to 1.04, 5.

De novo transcriptome assembly and data for the blue-winged teal ().

The blue-winged teal () is a recreationally and ecologically important dabbling duck species in North America. Transcriptomic data of this species can be used in public and animal health studies given its role as a natural reservoir host for avian influenza, which can be a zoonotic disease of high concern. Ileum and bursa of Fabricius tissues were sampled from six captive raised blue-winged teals, four of the six who were experimentally infected with low-pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N9.

Stimulus-specific adaptation to behaviorally-relevant sounds in awake rats.

Stimulus-specific adaptation (SSA) is the reduction in responses to a common stimulus that does not generalize, or only partially generalizes, to other stimuli. SSA has been studied mainly with sounds that bear no behavioral meaning. We hypothesized that the acquisition of behavioral meaning by a sound should modify the amount of SSA evoked by that sound.

Genes regulating hormone stimulus and response to protein signaling revealed differential expression pattern during porcine oocyte in vitro maturation, confirmed by lipid concentration.

Genes influencing oocyte maturation may be valuable for predicting their developmental potential, as well as discerning the mechanistic pathways regulating oocyte development. In the presented research microarray gene expression analysis of immature and in vitro matured porcine oocytes was performed. Two groups of oocytes were compared in the study: before (3 × n = 50) and after in vitro maturation (3 × n = 50).

The processes of cellular growth, aging, and programmed cell death are involved in lifespan of ovarian granulosa cells during short-term IVC - Study based on animal model.

The oogenesis and folliculogenesis are closely linked and occur simultaneously in the growing ovarian follicles. Biochemical and morphological changes in oocytes (OC) and surrounding granulosa cells (GCs) are highly complex and depend on many factors, including intercellular communication. GCs are cells with many functions, often crucial for the proper viability of the oocyte and subsequent positive fertilization.

Transcriptomic analysis of expression of genes regulating cell cycle progression in porcine ovarian granulosa cells during short-term in vitro primary culture.

The primary function of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) is the support of oocytes during maturation and development. Molecular analyses of granulosa cell-associated processes, leading to improvement of understanding of the cell cycle events during the formation of ovarian follicles (folliculogenesis), may be key to improve the in vitro fertilization procedures. Primary in vitro culture of porcine GCs was employed to examine the changes in the transcriptomic profile of genes belonging to "cell cycle", "cell division", "cell cycle process", "cell cycle phase transition", "cell cycle G1/S phase transition", "cell cycle G2/M phase transition" and "cell cycle checkpoint" ontology groups.

Synaptic Recruitment Enhances Gap Termination Responses in Auditory Cortex.

The ability to detect short gaps in noise is an important tool for assessing the temporal resolution in the auditory cortex. However, the mere existence of responses to temporal gaps bounded by two short broadband markers is surprising, because of the expected short-term suppression that is prevalent in auditory cortex. Here, we used in-vivo intracellular recordings in anesthetized rats to dissect the synaptic mechanisms that underlie gap-related responses.