Representations of in vitro fertilization in the first cycle of IVF in women.

Introduction: Women typically experience more intense stress related to infertility compared to men, which is partly connected to the importance that motherhood and parenthood have for women in most societies. Considering the dominance of pronatalism in the majority of cultures, it is not surprising that women, who are most often considered responsible for reproduction, suffer greater social and psychological pressure due to infertility.

Method: The study employs a social constructionist framework to explore how women facing infertility construct their notions of their first IVF treatment.

Association of the Achondroplasia Foramen Magnum Score and intraoperative neuromonitoring.

Introduction: Foramen magnum stenosis in achondroplasia carries a risk of sudden death. A proportion of these patients benefit from foramen magnum decompression (FMD). The Achondroplasia Foramen Magnum Score (AFMS) was developed to stratify those most at risk.

Prognostic factors of recurrence and disease-free survival in radically resected pulmonary carcinoids: a real-world analysis.

Background: Pulmonary carcinoids (PCs) are rare neuroendocrine lung tumors which may recur, thus worsening their otherwise favorable overall prognosis. Aiming to identify patients at risk for recurrence, we examined parameters affecting disease-free survival (DFS).

Methods: A retrospective single-center analysis of 82 consecutive patients undergoing curative intent resection for primary PC tumors between 2010 and 2019 was carried out.

Galacto-oligosaccharide preconditioning improves metabolic activity and engraftment of Limosilactobacillus reuteri and stimulates osteoblastogenesis ex vivo.

A probiotic-related benefit for the host is inherently linked to metabolic activity and integration in the gut ecosystem. To facilitate these, probiotics are often combined with specific prebiotics in a synbiotic formulation. Here, we propose an approach for improving probiotic metabolic activity and engraftment.

Session Introduction: Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Medicine: Generative and Interactive Systems at the Human-Machine Interface.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) models are substantially enhancing the capability to analyze complex and multi-dimensional datasets. Generative AI and deep learning models have demonstrated significant advancements in extracting knowledge from unstructured text, imaging as well as structured and tabular data. This recent breakthrough in AI has inspired research in medicine, leading to the development of numerous tools for creating clinical decision support systems, monitoring tools, image interpretation, and triaging capabilities.

Myiasis Mimicking Hyperproliferative Skin Disorder in Traveler Returning from Sub-Saharan Africa.

Myiasis is one of the most common skin diseases found in travelers returning from tropical and subtropical regions, where humans living in or visiting the African continent are most commonly infested by during the rainy season in regions with a warm climate. Here, we present a case of furuncular myiasis caused by in a Serbian patient returning from temporary work in Kenya, where the initial histology of skin lesion mimicked hyperproliferative skin disorder.

DSM 17938-Containing Infant Formulas and the Associations with Gastrointestinal Tolerance: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

(.; previously ) has been shown to influence gastrointestinal (GI) tolerance. This study was a secondary analysis of GI tolerance data from a multi-country, cross-sectional, observational study in healthy infants using the validated Infant Gastrointestinal Symptom Questionnaire (IGSQ) and a gut comfort questionnaire.

Coxiella burnetii (Q-fever) outbreak associated with non-occupational exposure in a semi-urban area of western Croatia in 2022.

In March 2022, an outbreak of Q fever (Coxiella burnetii) with non-occupational exposure was confirmed in a semi-urban area in Čavle, Croatia. Veterinary and human epidemiological investigations were conducted to identify the source of the outbreak and to implement appropriate control measures. Three farms were settled next to each other near the homes of the first human cases at the end of the street.

Infant feeding practice and gastrointestinal tolerance: a real-world, multi-country, cross-sectional observational study.

Background: Signs of feeding intolerance, such as gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, are frequently observed in otherwise healthy formula-fed infants in the first months of life. The primary objective of this observational study was to examine GI tolerance in formula-fed infants (FFI) vs. breastfed infants (BFI) in a real-world setting with a secondary objective being the comparison of infants fed formula with pre- and/or probiotics (FFI_PP) and those fed formula without any pre- and/or probiotics (FFI_noPP) as well as BFI.

Causal deep learning reveals the comparative effectiveness of antihyperglycemic treatments in poorly controlled diabetes.

Type-2 diabetes is associated with severe health outcomes, the effects of which are responsible for approximately 1/4 of the total healthcare spending in the United States (US). Current treatment guidelines endorse a massive number of potential anti-hyperglycemic treatment options in various combinations. Strategies for optimizing treatment selection are lacking.

The genetic history of the Southern Arc: A bridge between West Asia and Europe.

By sequencing 727 ancient individuals from the Southern Arc (Anatolia and its neighbors in Southeastern Europe and West Asia) over 10,000 years, we contextualize its Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age (about 5000 to 1000 BCE), when extensive gene flow entangled it with the Eurasian steppe. Two streams of migration transmitted Caucasus and Anatolian/Levantine ancestry northward, and the Yamnaya pastoralists, formed on the steppe, then spread southward into the Balkans and across the Caucasus into Armenia, where they left numerous patrilineal descendants. Anatolia was transformed by intra-West Asian gene flow, with negligible impact of the later Yamnaya migrations.

Ancient DNA from Mesopotamia suggests distinct Pre-Pottery and Pottery Neolithic migrations into Anatolia.

We present the first ancient DNA data from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic of Mesopotamia (Southeastern Turkey and Northern Iraq), Cyprus, and the Northwestern Zagros, along with the first data from Neolithic Armenia. We show that these and neighboring populations were formed through admixture of pre-Neolithic sources related to Anatolian, Caucasus, and Levantine hunter-gatherers, forming a Neolithic continuum of ancestry mirroring the geography of West Asia. By analyzing Pre-Pottery and Pottery Neolithic populations of Anatolia, we show that the former were derived from admixture between Mesopotamian-related and local Epipaleolithic-related sources, but the latter experienced additional Levantine-related gene flow, thus documenting at least two pulses of migration from the Fertile Crescent heartland to the early farmers of Anatolia.

A genetic probe into the ancient and medieval history of Southern Europe and West Asia.

Literary and archaeological sources have preserved a rich history of Southern Europe and West Asia since the Bronze Age that can be complemented by genetics. Mycenaean period elites in Greece did not differ from the general population and included both people with some steppe ancestry and others, like the Griffin Warrior, without it. Similarly, people in the central area of the Urartian Kingdom around Lake Van lacked the steppe ancestry characteristic of the kingdom's northern provinces.

Radical resection of lumbosacral lipomas in children: the Great Ormond Street Hospital experience.

Purpose: In 2009, Pang described a radical resection technique for congenital lumbosacral lipomas, with lower long-term symptomatic re-tethering rates compared with partial resections and conservative management, and low surgical morbidity. We adopted this technique in 2011, and aim to describe our first results.

Methods: In this monocentric retrospective audit, we included dorsal, transitional, chaotic, and caudal-type lumbosacral lipomas.

Preclinical cerebral cryoablation in non-tumor bearing pigs.

Patients with brain metastases, the most common intracranial tumor, have an average survival ranging from a few months to 40 months, and new treatment initiatives are needed. Cryoablation is a minimally invasive, well-tolerated, and effective procedure commonly applied for treatment of renal tumors and certain other malignancies. We aimed to examine the clinical usefulness of this procedure in a step-by-step program starting with cerebral cryoablation in healthy pigs.

Clinical Recommender Algorithms to Simulate Digital Specialty Consultations.

Advances in medical science simultaneously benefit patients while contributing to an over-whelming complexity of medicine with a decision space of thousands of possible diagnoses, tests, and treatment options. Medical expertise becomes the most important scarce health-care resource, reflected in tens of millions in the US alone with deficient access to specialty care. Combining the growing wealth of electronic medical record data with modern recommender algorithms has the potential to synthesize the clinical community's expertise into an executable format to manage this information overload and improve access to personalized care suggestions.

Engaging Housestaff as Informatics Collaborators: Educational and Operational Opportunities.

Background: In academic hospitals, housestaff (interns, residents, and fellows) are a core user group of clinical information technology (IT) systems, yet are often relegated to being recipients of change, rather than active partners in system improvement. These information systems are an integral part of health care delivery and formal efforts to involve and educate housestaff are nascent.

Objective: This article develops a sustainable forum for effective engagement of housestaff in hospital informatics initiatives and creates opportunities for professional development.

Paediatric spinal cord low-grade gliomas-evaluation and management of post-surgical residual disease.

Purpose: To assess the evaluation and management of post-surgical residual disease for low-grade intramedullary spinal cord tumours (IMSCT) in childhood.

Methods: A single-centre retrospective review of low-grade IMSCTs treated between 2000 and 2019. All surgeries were performed with intent of safe maximal resection guided by intra-operative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM).

Lymphatic drainage map of the head and neck skin squamous cell carcinoma detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy.

Objective: Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin often affects the scalp and neck region and has a potential for complex lymphatic metastases. The aim of this study was to examine the pattern of lymphatic drainage that would enable better insight and prediction of lymphatic metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in relation to the anatomical localization of the primary process.

Patients And Methods: A prospective analysis included 64 patients who underwent sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy.

Mass violence in Copper Age Europe: The massacre burial site from Potočani, Croatia.

Objectives: To provide a comprehensive analysis of perimortem cranial injuries found on human remains from the Eneolithic (ca. 4200 BCE) mass grave discovered at Potočani, Croatia, to test if the assemblage is a result of a deliberate violent episode on a massive scale.

Materials And Methods: Standard bioarchaeological analysis, including inventory of the preserved elements, minimum number of individuals, sex determination, age at death, as well as pattern and distribution of trauma, was recorded.

Machine learning for initial insulin estimation in hospitalized patients.

Objective: The study sought to determine whether machine learning can predict initial inpatient total daily dose (TDD) of insulin from electronic health records more accurately than existing guideline-based dosing recommendations.

Materials And Methods: Using electronic health records from a tertiary academic center between 2008 and 2020 of 16,848 inpatients receiving subcutaneous insulin who achieved target blood glucose control of 100-180 mg/dL on a calendar day, we trained an ensemble machine learning algorithm consisting of regularized regression, random forest, and gradient boosted tree models for 2-stage TDD prediction. We evaluated the ability to predict patients requiring more than 6 units TDD and their point-value TDDs to achieve target glucose control.

New-Onset of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Patient Treated With Teprotumumab for Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy.

A patient with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy was treated with teprotumumab and developed symptoms concerning for inflammatory bowel disease after her sixth infusion. Colonoscopy was performed, and mucosal biopsies identified evidence of active colitis consistent with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. Despite treatment with budesonide and mesalamine, the patient continued to be symptomatic one and a half months after cessation of teprotumumab and required infliximab to achieve good control of her inflammatory bowel disease.