The effect of branched chain amino acids on protein synthesis in two skeletal muscles of Japanese quail.

Two different isolated skeletal muscles of Japanese quail were used. The influence of branched chain amino acids on the fractional rate of protein synthesis (FSR) was evaluated using 14C-tyrosine. The addition of 0.

Activity of ornithine decarboxylase in muscle of Japanese quail in hypergravity conditions.

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) is the rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of polyamines which are generally required for animal cell proliferation. Because of many different stimuli changing the activity of ODC, the effect of hypergravity on muscle ODC activity in Japanese quail was investigated. Adult Japanese quail cockerels were exposed to 2G in the centrifuge permanently for 96 hours.

Nitrogen excretion in Japanese quail during protein depletion and repletion.

The influence of protein depletion and repletion on the excretion of uric acid, urea, creatinine and free arginine as well as on the activities of xanthine dehydrogenase and arginase in Japanese quail was studied. Adult cockerels normally fed until the age of 42 days were kept on a protein free diet for 21 days and subsequently for 14 days on the previous normal diet. The control group was fed normal diet for the whole time.

[Forms of xanthine oxidoreductase in the tissues of Japanese quail].

The Japanese quail tissues--liver, kidney and pancreas were analysed for the presence of forms of xanthine oxidoreductase utilised cofactors NAD+, molecular oxygen or artificial acceptor--methylene blue, as well as for the validity of correlation between enzymatic activity and diet protein content. Four groups of animals with the experimental diets, the formulae of which are given in Tab. I, and control group with a commercial mash were fed for ten days.

[The effect of fatty acids in the feed on xanthine dehydrogenase activity in the Japanese quail].

The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of different fatty acids on the amino acid catabolism judged on the level of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH). The model system of protein depletion with subsequent repletion was used in the trial consisted of Japanese quails 71 days old. In the period of protein repletion, the fatty acid (stearic, palmitic, oleic, linolenic, linoleic and lauric, respectively) was used instead of common fatty compound in the diet.

[The effect of dietary lysine excess and deficiency on metabolism in Japanese quail].

We conducted three experiments with Japanese quail to study the influence of deficient and excessive contents of lysine in the feed in relation to certain zootechnical parameters, protein value, to the active of liver xanthine dehydrogenase, content of free plasma lysine under the conditions of the maximum saturation of blood pool, and to the changes in 14C-labelled lysine degradation. The zootechnical parameters and protein value were optimum at the content of 5.22 g Lys per 16 g nitrogen in the feed, the activity of liver xanthine dehydrogenase was maximum.

[Postnatal development of enzyme activities of nitrogen catabolism in the liver of Japanese quail].

In the course of postnatal development from the hatching up to the age of 84 days, the activities of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) and arginase were examined in the liver of Japanese quail. The observation in weekly intervals showed a gradual character of XDH development whereas the conclusion of the first degree correlated to some extent with the period of achieving the sexual maturity of animals. The GLDH activity increased in the course of the growth with attainment of the maximum value in the same period.

[Effect of accelerations, additional weight load and hypokinesia on protein catabolism in the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)].

Activities of glutamate and xanthine dehydrogenases were measured in four groups of quails (coturnix coturnix japonica): 1) hypodynamic birds which were kept in an area which made 1/4 of the control, 2) birds exposed to an increased weight load, 3) birds exposed to 3g. and 4) control birds. The experimental birds were exposed to the above treatment for 1 to 6 hours a day during 8 days.