Nasal high frequency oscillatory highflow therapy in preterm infants: A randomized crossover trial.

Objectives: To assess the clinical efficacy, safety, and potential physiological mechanisms of highflow therapy with superimposed high frequency oscillations ("osciflow").

Study Design: In this prospective, randomized, single center crossover trial, 30 preterm infants were randomized to receive osciflow or highflow therapy first, each for 180 min. During osciflow, an oscillatory amplitude of 20 mbar and a frequency of 6 Hz were set.

Tidal volumes during delivery room stabilization of (near) term infants.

Background: We sought to assess tidal volumes in (near) term infants during delivery room stabilization.

Methods: Secondary analysis of a prospective study comparing two facemasks used for positive pressure ventilation (PPV) in newborn infants ≥ 34 weeks gestation. PPV was provided with a T-piece device with a PIP of 30 cmHO and positive end-expiratory airway pressure of 5 cmHO.

Surfactant Nebulization to Prevent Intubation in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Context: Surfactant nebulization (SN) may offer a safe alternative for surfactant administration in respiratory distress syndrome of preterm infants.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of SN for the prevention of early intubation.

Data Sources: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, clinicaltrials.

The DELUX study: development of lung volumes during extubation of preterm infants.

Objective: To measure changes in end-expiratory lung impedance (EELI) as a marker of functional residual capacity (FRC) during the entire extubation procedure of very preterm infants.

Methods: Prospective observational study in preterm infants born at 26-32 weeks gestation being extubated to non-invasive respiratory support. Changes in EELI and cardiorespiratory parameters (heart rate, oxygen saturation) were recorded at pre-specified events during the extubation procedure compared to baseline (before first handling of the infant).

Psychomotor vigilance task demonstrates impaired vigilance in disorders with excessive daytime sleepiness.

Study Objective: The Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) is one of the leading assays of sustained vigilant attention in sleep research and highly sensitive to the effects of sleep loss. Even though PVT is widely used in sleep deprivation studies, little is known about PVT performance in patients suffering from sleep-wake disorders. We aimed to quantify the impact of sleep-wake disorders on PVT outcome measures and examine whether PVT can distinguish between healthy controls and patients with sleep-wake disorders and whether PVT can distinguish between three different disorders that express excessive daytime sleepiness.

Pharmacovigilance in pregnancy: adverse drug reactions associated with fetal disorders.

Objective: To provide the first update on drug safety profiles and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with fetal disorders from the Swiss national ADR database.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using data from 202 pharmacovigilance reports on drug-associated fetal disorders from the Swiss national ADR database from 1990 to 2009. Evaluated aspects included administrative information on the report, drug exposure, and disorders.