Factors influencing the determination of dosing weight in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

The objective of this study is to describe the properties of dosing weight in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Infants were identified from a database of very low birth weight infants. Before regaining birth weight (BW), dosing and birth weight% difference was described.

Feasibility of clinical newborn metabolic screening in a high-volume maternity center in Nepal.

Background: Strategic action plans around newborn health evaluation are needed, to address the high neonatal mortality rate in Nepal. Surveillance systems, like Newborn Metabolic Screening (NBS), could reveal unrecognized drivers of neonatal death. NBS is not routinely performed in Nepal.

Disparity in neonatal abstinence syndrome by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geography, in neonates ≥ 35 weeks gestational age.

Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is associated with a range of adverse health outcomes, exorbitant health care costs, and race/ethnicity disparity. We examined key sociodemographic factors that may influence the national race/ethnicity disparity in the prevalence of NAS among Whites, Blacks and Hispanics. 2016 and 2019 cycles of cross-sectional data from HCUP-KID national all-payer pediatric inpatient-care database were used to estimate NAS prevalence (ICD-10CM code P96.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Kidney Disease and Elevated BP in 2-Year-Old Children Born Extremely Premature.

Background And Objectives: Extremely low gestational age neonates born <28 weeks gestation are at risk for chronic disease. We sought to describe the prevalence of kidney outcomes by gestational age and determine risk factors for their development.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: The Recombinant Erythropoietin for Protection of Infant Renal Disease (REPAIReD) study examined kidney outcomes of extremely low gestational age neonates enrolled in the Preterm Epo NeuroProtection Trial (PENUT) study.

An assessment of prevalence and expenditure associated with discharge brain MRI in preterm infants.

To assess national expenditure associated with preterm-infant brain MRI and potential impact of reduction per Choosing Wisely campaign 2015 recommendation to "avoid routine screening term-equivalent or discharge brain MRIs in preterm-infants". Cross-sectional U.S.

Effect of High-Dose Erythropoietin on Blood Transfusions in Extremely Low Gestational Age Neonates: Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Extremely preterm infants are among the populations receiving the highest levels of transfusions. Erythropoietin has not been recommended for premature infants because most studies have not demonstrated a decrease in donor exposure.

Objectives: To determine whether high-dose erythropoietin given within 24 hours of birth through postmenstrual age of 32 completed weeks will decrease the need for blood transfusions.

A Randomized Trial of Erythropoietin for Neuroprotection in Preterm Infants.

Background: High-dose erythropoietin has been shown to have a neuroprotective effect in preclinical models of neonatal brain injury, and phase 2 trials have suggested possible efficacy; however, the benefits and safety of this therapy in extremely preterm infants have not been established.

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial of high-dose erythropoietin, we assigned 941 infants who were born at 24 weeks 0 days to 27 weeks 6 days of gestation to receive erythropoietin or placebo within 24 hours after birth. Erythropoietin was administered intravenously at a dose of 1000 U per kilogram of body weight every 48 hours for a total of six doses, followed by a maintenance dose of 400 U per kilogram three times per week by subcutaneous injection through 32 completed weeks of postmenstrual age.

Evaluation of Introduction of a Delayed Cord Clamping Protocol for Premature Neonates in a High-Volume Maternity Center.

Objective: To evaluate adherence to a delayed cord clamping protocol for preterm births in the first 2 years after its introduction, perform a quality improvement assessment, and determine neonatal outcomes associated with protocol implementation and adherence.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of women delivering singleton neonates at 23-32 weeks of gestation in the 2 years before (preprotocol) and 2 years after (postprotocol) introduction of a 30-second delayed cord clamping protocol at a large-volume academic center. This policy was communicated to obstetric and pediatric health care providers and nurses and reinforced with intermittent educational reviews.

Clinical Outcomes Associated with a Failed Infant Car Seat Challenge.

Objective: To assess comorbid conditions and clinical outcomes among late preterm and low birth weight term infants (<2.5 kg) who failed the Infant Car Seat Challenge (ICSC) on the Mother-Baby Unit.

Study Design: This was a retrospective chart review of consecutive infants who failed ICSC on the Mother-Baby Unit and were subsequently admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Prentice Women's Hospital between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2015.

Growth and Development in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants After the Introduction of Exclusive Human Milk Feedings.

 To estimate associations of exclusive human milk (EHM) feedings with growth and neurodevelopment through 18 months corrected age (CA) in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants.  ELBW infants admitted from July 2011 to June 2013 who survived were reviewed. Infants managed from July 2011 to June 2012 were fed with bovine milk-based fortifiers and formula (BOV).

Beyond Necrotizing Enterocolitis Prevention: Improving Outcomes with an Exclusive Human Milk-Based Diet.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare outcomes of infants pre and post initiation of a feeding protocol providing an exclusive human milk-based diet (HUM).

Materials And Methods: In a multicenter retrospective cohort study, infants with a birth weight <1,250 g who received a bovine-based diet (BOV) of mother's own milk fortified with bovine fortifier and/or preterm formula were compared to infants who received a newly introduced HUM feeding protocol. Infants were excluded if they had major congenital anomalies or died in the first 12 hours of life.

Developmental changes in murine brain antioxidant enzymes.

Reactive oxygen species produced in cells during normal aerobic metabolism have the ability to induce lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation; therefore, their detoxification and elimination are necessary for physiologic cellular activity and survival. The changes in neuronal antioxidant enzymes from fetal life to adulthood have not been fully described. We investigated protein expression, using Western blot analysis, and enzymatic activity of the antioxidant system-copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD), manganese SOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, as well as reduced glutathione level as an indicator of the nonenzymatic system-in CD1 murine brain at embryonic d 18 (E18), and postnatal d 1 (P1), d 4, d 7, d 14, and d 21.