The idea of nursing science.

Background: In response to the question of the idea of nursing as a legitimate science, Edwards (1999) claims that it does not qualify as a legitimate science. He bases his claim on the assumption that legitimate science must be empirical. Edwards defends his claim based on the lack of consensus and development in nursing philosophy during the past 40 years and, as he describes it, the lack of ends (or truth) of nursing science.

Use of videotaping to assess competencies and course outcomes.

A constant challenge in nursing education is effectively teaching competencies and allowing students to safely practice essential nursing skills. Faculty members must develop sound methods of instruction to achieve program outcomes, which determine program effectiveness, assure professional readiness, and meet accreditation standards. To this end, the use of videotaping is suggested.

Primary prevention of agricultural injuries. Use of standardized nursing diagnosis, interventions, and outcomes.

1. The use of standardized nursing language is important to the advancement of nursing knowledge and practice. The standardization of nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes provides a means for collecting and analyzing large clinical databases.