Differentiation of Active Corneal Infections from Healed Scars Using Deep Learning.

Purpose: To develop and evaluate an automated, portable algorithm to differentiate active corneal ulcers from healed scars using only external photographs.

Design: A convolutional neural network was trained and tested using photographs of corneal ulcers and scars.

Participants: De-identified photographs of corneal ulcers were obtained from the Steroids for Corneal Ulcers Trial (SCUT), Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial (MUTT), and Byers Eye Institute at Stanford University.

Treatment of Long-term Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss as an Otologic Migraine Phenomenon.

Objectives: To describe a cohort of patients presenting with long-term sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) treated with prophylactic migraine and intratympanic steroid therapy.

Methods: Patients presenting to a neurotology clinic at least 6 weeks from SSNHL onset were included. All patients received migraine prophylactic medication (nortriptyline, topiramate, and/or verapamil) and lifestyle changes for at least 6 weeks, as well as intratympanic steroid injections, if appropriate.

Online Ratings and Perceptions of Pediatric Otolaryngologists.

Objective/hypothesis: To assess and characterize online ratings and comments on pediatric otolaryngologists and determine factors that correlate with higher ratings.

Study Design: Online database analysis.

Methods: All American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology (ASPO) members were queried on Healthgrades, Vitals, RateMDs, and Yelp for their online ratings and comments as of June 2020.

Spontaneous Involution of Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibromas: Report of a Case.

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a locally aggressive tumor that predominantly affects adolescent males. Surgical resection is generally considered the standard treatment for both primary and recurrent tumors, regardless of staging. The natural history of these tumors, particularly when untreated or in the setting of residual tumor, is not well characterized.

Adjuvant Migraine Medications in the Treatment of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Objectives/hypothesis: To examine the hearing outcomes of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) treated with oral and intratympanic (IT) steroid only or a combination of steroid and migraine treatment. Our hypothesis was that adjuvant migraine medications may improve outcomes in SSNHL.

Methods: A retrospective chart review at a tertiary otology center was conducted to identify patients with SSNHL who received oral steroid and IT dexamethasone injection(s) with or without migraine medications (a combination of nortriptyline and topiramate).

Endocannabinoid System and the Kidneys: From Renal Physiology to Injury and Disease.

As the prevalence of kidney disease continues to rise worldwide, there is accumulating evidence that kidney injury and dysfunction, whether acute or chronic, is associated with major adverse outcomes, including mortality. Meanwhile, effective therapeutic options in the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been sparse. Many of the effective treatments that are routinely utilized for different pathologies in patients without kidney disease have failed to demonstrate efficacy in those with renal dysfunction.