Appraisal of Clinical Care Practices for Child Obesity Treatment. Part I: Interventions.

The objective of this technical report is to provide clinicians with evidence-based, actionable information upon which to make assessment and treatment decisions for children and adolescents with obesity. In addition, this report will provide an evidence base to inform clinical practice guidelines for the management and treatment of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. To this end, the goal of this report was to identify all relevant studies to answer 2 overarching key questions: (KQ1) "What are clinically based, effective treatments for obesity?" and (KQ2) "What is the risk of comorbidities among children with obesity?" See Appendix 1 for the conceptual framework and a priori key questions.

Appraisal of Clinical Care Practices for Child Obesity Treatment. Part II: Comorbidities.

The objective of this technical report is to provide clinicians with actionable evidence-based information upon which to make treatment decisions. In addition, this report will provide an evidence base on which to inform clinical practice guidelines for the management and treatment of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. To this end, the goal of this report was to identify all relevant studies to answer 2 overarching key questions: (KQ1) "What are effective clinically based treatments for obesity?" and (KQ2) "What is the risk of comorbidities among children with obesity?" See Appendix 1 for the conceptual framework and a priori Key Questions.

Key Predictors of Primary Care Providers' Self-Efficacy in Caring for Children with Overweight or Obesity.

Objective: Self-efficacy is a crucial factor in enabling pediatric primary care providers (PCPs) to deliver recommended care to children with overweight and obesity. This study, conducted with a large, national sample of PCPs, aimed to identify key factors, which may contribute to PCP self-efficacy for obesity-related care, from a list of previously reported barriers and facilitators.

Methods: A national random sample of American Academy of Pediatrics members was surveyed in 2017 (analytic n = 704).

US Pediatrician Practices on Early Nutrition, Feeding, and Growth.

Objective: Assess pediatrician practices around growth and nutrition for children under 2 years.

Design: 2017 cross-sectional survey of a national random sample of the American Academy of Pediatrics members.

Setting: US.

US Pediatrician Practices and Attitudes Concerning Childhood Obesity: 2006 and 2017.

Objective: To compare primary care pediatricians' practices and attitudes regarding obesity assessment, prevention, and treatment in children 2 years and older in 2006 and 2017.

Study Design: National, random samples of American Academy of Pediatrics members were surveyed in 2006, 2010, and 2017 on practices and attitudes regarding overweight and obesity (analytic n = 655, 592, and 558, respectively). Using logistic regression models (controlling for pediatrician and practice characteristics), we examined survey year with predicted values (PVs), including body mass index (BMI) assessment across 2006, 2010, and 2017 and practices and attitudes in 2006 and 2017.

Are Graduating Pediatric Residents Prepared to Engage in Obesity Prevention and Treatment?

Background: Little information is available to gauge residents' perceived receipt of comprehensive training and preparedness to manage children with obesity in practice.

Methods: A national, random sample of 1000 graduating pediatric residents were surveyed in 2013 on childhood overweight/obesity and preparedness to prevent and treat obesity. A composite training measure was created by summing the number of areas (10 possible) where training on overweight/obesity was received.

Farm to elementary school programming increases access to fruits and vegetables and increases their consumption among those with low intake.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of Wisconsin Farm to School (F2S) programs in increasing students' fruit and vegetable (FV) intake.

Design: Quasi-experimental baseline and follow-up assessments: knowledge and attitudes survey, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and lunch tray photo observation.

Setting: Wisconsin elementary schools: 1 urban and 8 rural.