Keratin intermediate filaments mechanically position melanin pigments for genome photoprotection.

Unlabelled: Melanin pigments block genotoxic agents by positioning on the sun-exposed side of human skin keratinocytes' nucleus. How this position is regulated and its role in genome photoprotection remains unknown. By developing a model of human keratinocytes internalizing extracellular melanin into pigment organelles, we show that keratin 5/14 intermediate filaments mechanically control the 3D perinuclear position of pigments, shielding DNA from photodamage.

Variations in land surface temperature increase in South-East Asian Cities.

Climate change and global warming are terms used to describe the variation in the Earth's mean temperature as a result of human activities contributing to the formation of urban heat islands (UHI). One method for determining the temperature of a region is the land surface temperature (LST). The study of LSTs is important and closely related to climate change, as is the provision of convenient living and working conditions in cities, which support economic growth.

The interplay of plant-based antioxidants, inflammation, and clinical outcomes in asthma: A systematic review.

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease and a leading cause of disability, posing a huge economic and social burden. Plant-based antioxidants have the potential to block proinflammatory pathways and protect against oxidative damage, which could improve asthma management.

Objective: This review examines the role of plant-based antioxidants as adjuvant therapy on inflammatory markers and clinical outcomes of adults with asthma.

A Retrospective Study Examining Self-Reported Physical Activity Levels Among Asthma Patients Using the Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Database.

Introduction: Regular physical activity benefits respiratory health by reducing the risk of developing asthma. This is achieved by reducing bronchial hyperresponsiveness and preventing lung function decline.

Aim: The objective of the study is to assess the prevalence of self-reported physical activity among asthma patients in the United States in 2021, based on demographic, socioeconomic, and healthcare access variables.

Miracle Fruit, a Potential Taste-modifier to Improve Food Preferences: A Review.

Purpose Of Review: The miracle fruit contains the glycoprotein miraculin which can modify the taste perception of food and beverages at low pH conditions, altering the consumers' food preferences. This review aims to critically evaluate all available evidence on miracle fruit/ miraculin and taste modification and its potential role in improving food preferences.

Recent Findings: Miracle fruit suppresses sourness and induces sweetness in acidic food/ beverages.

Association Between Picky Eating, Weight Status, Vegetable, and Fruit Intake in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Picky eating is a common appetitive trait reported among children and adolescents and may have detrimental effects on their weight, vegetable, and fruit intake, impacting health status. However, an updated systematic review of the literature and summary of effect estimates is required. This study aims to explore the association between picky eating with weight, vegetable and fruit intake, vegetable-only intake, and fruit-only intake.

Evaluating the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Late-Canceled and No-Show Appointments at the Department of Neurological Surgery.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in unprecedented restrictions on the general public and disturbances to the routines of hospitals worldwide. These restrictions are now being relaxed as the number of vaccinated individuals increases and as the rates of incidence and prevalence decrease; however, they left a lasting impact on healthcare systems that is still being felt today. This retrospective study evaluated the total number of canceled or missed outpatient clinic appointments in a Neurological Surgery department before and after peak COVID-19 restrictions and attempted to assess the impact of these disruptions on neurosurgical clinical attendance.

Essential Tremors: A Literature Review of Current Therapeutics.

Essential tremors (ETs) commonly manifest as involuntary shaking of the hands that disrupt daily activities. These tremors involve the central motor network of the cerebellum, thalamus, and cortical networks, leading to different clinical phenotypes. The goal of this review was to establish evidence-based recommendations for effective care and simplify decisions for those dealing with ET.

Correction: Elford et al. Identification and Evaluation of Tools Utilised for Measuring Food Provision in Childcare Centres and Primary Schools: A Systematic Review. 2022, , 4096.

In the original publication [...

Anti-aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G/anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G double-positive paraneoplastic neurological syndrome in a patient with triple-negative breast cancer.

We report a rare case of paraneoplastic neurological syndrome with dual seropositivity of anti-aquaporin-4 and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in a 40 year-old woman with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. She received multiple lines of anti-neoplastic treatment, including immunotherapy with pembrolizumab, as well as cytotoxic chemotherapy. Paraneoplastic meningoencephalomyelitis developed 2 years after diagnosis of breast cancer and 1 year after discontinuation of immunotherapy with pembrolizumab.

The knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of pregnant women regarding seafood consumption during the antenatal period: a qualitative study.

Background: Maternal nutrition impacts fetal growth and development. The Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) guidelines recommend pregnant women consume 2-3 servings (224-336 g) of fish/seafood per week to support intake of long chain omega 3 fatty acids, given adequate consumption supports numerous health benefits including reduced risk of preterm and early preterm birth. Evidence indicates that pregnant women purposely lower their fish/seafood intake, largely due to fears of methylmercury exposure.

Cerebral arterial vasospasm complicating supratentorial meningioma resection: illustrative cases.

Background: Cerebral arterial vasospasm is a rare complication after supratentorial meningioma resection. The pathophysiology of this condition may be similar to vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, and treatment options may be similar.

Observations: The authors present two cases of cerebral vasospasm after supratentorial meningioma resection and perform a systematic literature review of similar cases.

Correlative Light and Electron Cryo-Microscopy Workflow Combining Micropatterning, Ice Shield, and an In-Chamber Fluorescence Light Microscope.

In situ cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) is the most current, state-of-the-art technique to study cell machinery in its hydrated near-native state. The method provides ultrastructural details at sub-nanometer resolution for many components within the cellular context. Making use of recent advances in sample preparation techniques and combining this method with correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) approaches have enabled targeted molecular visualization.

From Pixels to Pathology: Employing Computer Vision to Decode Chest Diseases in Medical Images.

Radiology has been a pioneer in the healthcare industry's digital transformation, incorporating digital imaging systems like picture archiving and communication system (PACS) and teleradiology over the past thirty years. This shift has reshaped radiology services, positioning the field at a crucial junction for potential evolution into an integrated diagnostic service through artificial intelligence and machine learning. These technologies offer advanced tools for radiology's transformation.

Spinal Cord Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Pain and Motor Outcomes.

Background: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been investigated as a potential therapeutic option for managing refractory symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SCS in PD.

Method: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed and Web of Science to identify SCS studies reporting Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale-III (UPDRS-III) or Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score changes in PD cohorts with at least 3 patients and a follow-up period of at least 1 month.

Attitudes and practices related to smoking among university students in Thailand.

To investigate attitudes and practices toward smoking among university students and to identify associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,299 students from five public universities in Thailand. Factor analysis and multiple regression were used for analysis.

Trends of kidney cancer burden from 1990 to 2019 in European Union 15 + countries and World Health Organization regions.

In recent decades, variability in the incidence and mortality of kidney cancer (KC) has been reported. This study aimed to compare trends in incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) of KC between the European Union (EU) 15 + countries and 6 World Health Organization (WHO) regions. The data of KC Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs), age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs), and age-standardized DALYs were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease database.

Trends in prostate cancer mortality in the United States of America, by state and race, from 1999 to 2019: estimates from the centers for disease control WONDER database.

Background: In the United States of America (USA), prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer in men and the second cause of cancer mortality. Black men (BM) have a higher incidence and worse mortality when compared to white men (WM). We compared trends in PC mortality in the USA by race and state from 1999 to 2019.

Case report and review of literature: Isolated intramedullary spinal neurocysticercosis.

Background: Cases of isolated intramedullary spinal neurocysticercosis are extremely rare. Only 25 cases have been reported before 2022. Due to its rarity, the diagnosis of spinal neurocysticercosis may be missed.

PI4P and BLOC-1 remodel endosomal membranes into tubules.

Intracellular trafficking is mediated by transport carriers that originate by membrane remodeling from donor organelles. Tubular carriers contribute to the flux of membrane lipids and proteins to acceptor organelles, but how lipids and proteins impose a tubular geometry on the carriers is incompletely understood. Using imaging approaches on cells and in vitro membrane systems, we show that phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) and biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 (BLOC-1) govern the formation, stability, and functions of recycling endosomal tubules.