Options for Fertility Preservation in Children.

Fertility preservation therapies can conserve future reproductive potential for persons facing serious medical diagnoses. With cure rates for childhood cancer reaching almost 80%, quality-of-life concerns for long-term survivors, including future parenting, are becoming more pertinent. Late effects of childhood cancer can be divided into physical, social, psychological, and spiritual domains.

Approach to the management of rare clinical presentations of macroprolactinomas in reproductive-aged women.

Objective: To describe 2 cases of macroprolactinomas with atypical presentation in women desiring pregnancy that illustrate important considerations in the management approach for macroprolactinomas in reproductive-aged women.

Patients: Case 1 was a 26-year-old woman referred to our institution for possible tumor resection after pituitary apoplexy during her first pregnancy. Instead, she underwent treatment with cabergoline for a year with goals of normalization of prolactin and decrease in tumor size to <1 cm before trying to conceive.

Predictors of medical school clerkship performance: a multispecialty longitudinal analysis of standardized examination scores and clinical assessments.

Background: Evidence suggests that poor performance on standardized tests before and early in medical school is associated with poor performance on standardized tests later in medical school and beyond. This study aimed to explore relationships between standardized examination scores (before and during medical school) with test and clinical performance across all core clinical clerkships.

Methods: We evaluated characteristics of 435 students at Mayo Medical School (MMS) who matriculated 2000-2009 and for whom undergraduate grade point average, medical college aptitude test (MCAT), medical school standardized tests (United States Medical Licensing Examination [USMLE] 1 and 2; National Board of Medical Examiners [NBME] subject examination), and faculty assessments were available.

Progesterone support for frozen embryo transfer: intramuscular versus vaginal suppository demonstrates no difference in a cohort.

Objective: To evaluate pregnancy rates based on the route of progesterone replacement in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles.

Study Design: A randomized controlled trial and retrospective analysis. In the randomized group 76 FET cycles were randomized.

Unilateral oophorectomy results in compensatory follicular recruitment in the remaining ovary at time of ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization.

Objective: To assess the effect of unilateral oophorectomy (UO) by assessing ovarian reserve (OVR) and the response to gonadotropin stimulation in women with UO undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) compared with the response of the ipsilateral ovary of women without UO.

Design: Historical cohort study.

Setting: Academic fertility clinic.

Maternal and neonatal complications of elective early-term deliveries.

Approximately 10% to 15% of all deliveries in the United States are performed before 39 completed weeks of gestation without a true medical indication for early delivery, despite long-standing recommendations against this practice. Early-term deliveries are those that occur between 3707 and 3867 weeks. It is now recognized that maternal and neonatal complications have increased for deliveries that occur at early- vs late-term gestation.

Fertility drug use and the risk of ovarian tumors in infertile women: a case-control study.

Objective: To assess the influence of infertility and fertility drugs on risk of ovarian tumors.

Design: Case-control study (Mayo Clinic Ovarian Cancer Study).

Setting: Ongoing academic study of ovarian cancer.

Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery for leiomyoma-associated infertility.

Objective: To describe magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (FUS) as a treatment for a case of leiomyoma-associated infertility.

Design: Case report from a randomized clinical trial.

Setting: Academic medical center.

Challenges in the gynecologic care of premenopausal women with breast cancer.

Premenopausal women with a new diagnosis of breast cancer are faced with many challenges. Providing health care for issues such as gynecologic comorbidities, reproductive health concerns, and vasomotor symptom control can be complicated because of the risks of hormone treatments and the adverse effects of adjuvant therapies. It is paramount that health care professionals understand and be knowledgeable about hormonal and nonhormonal treatments and their pharmacological parameters so they can offer appropriate care to women who have breast cancer, with the goal of improving quality of life.

Fertility preservation.

Of the estimated 1.5 million men and women who were diagnosed as having cancer in 2010, approximately 10% are younger than 45 years. For these individuals, cancer treatment can be lifesaving but can permanently affect reproductive capacity.

Evolving spectrum: the pathogenesis of endometriosis.

Although the exact etiology of endometriosis is unknown, several hypotheses about its origin exist. Of these, Sampson's theory of retrograde menstruation is the most widely accepted. Multiple in-vitro and in vivo models have been developed to study endometriosis.

A potential role for colony-stimulating factor 1 in the genesis of the early endometriotic lesion.

Objective: To investigate the role(s) of colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) on the development of early endometriosis in a murine model by comparing rate of lesion formation in mice [1] homozygous for a CSF-1 mutation versus syngeneic controls and [2] after treatment with imatinib, a commercially available tyrosine kinase inhibitor that alters interaction(s) between CSF-1 and its receptor, c-fms.

Design: Prospective, placebo-controlled animal study.

Setting: Academic medical center.

Gamma interferon inhibits production of Anti-OspA borreliacidal antibody in vitro.

The ability of a Lyme borreliosis vaccine to induce and maintain sustained levels of borreliacidal antibody is necessary for prolonged protection against infection with Borrelia burgdorferi. Vaccination against infection with B. burgdorferi could be improved by determining the mechanism(s) that influences the production of protective borreliacidal antibody.