Anesthetic Challenges in Managing a Patient With Traumatic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection for Non-vascular Surgery: A Case Report.

This case report describes the successful management of a 23-year-old male with traumatic aortic aneurysm and dissection, concomitant with bilateral lower limb fractures, highlighting the complexities and challenges of managing such a patient. The patient presented with extensive trauma, including chest pain, cough, and hoarseness of voice, and was diagnosed with a large fusiform aneurysm and dissection of the aorta. A multidisciplinary approach was adopted, and the patient underwent open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia.

Breath on the Brink: Navigating Anaesthesia Management in a Case With a Mediastinal Mass.

Mediastinal teratomas are rare, often asymptomatic, but clinically significant neoplasms that can manifest with a spectrum of symptoms, frequently attributed to the compression of surrounding critical anatomical structures. Here, we present the case of a 19-year-old male with respiratory distress and chest pain attributed to a large anterior mediastinal mass, ultimately diagnosed as a benign mature teratoma of the thymus. Radiological imaging revealed a large, partially cystic mass compressing the pulmonary arteries, aortic arch, and left main bronchus.

Design and optimization of acetazolamide nanoparticle-laden contact lens using statistical experimental design for controlled ocular drug delivery.

This study aims to formulate and evaluate Eudragit nanoparticles-laden hydrogel contact lenses for controlled delivery of acetazolamide (ACZ) using experimental design. Eudragit S-100 was selected for the preparation of nanoparticles. The optimization of Eudragit S100 concentration (X1), polyvinyl alcohol concentration (X2), and the sonication time (X3) was attempted by applying a central composite experimental design.

Electromechanically Reconfigurable Terahertz Stereo Metasurfaces.

Dynamic terahertz devices are vital for the next generation of wireless communication, sensing, and non-destructive imaging technologies. Metasurfaces have emerged as a paradigm-shifting platform, offering varied functionalities, miniaturization, and simplified fabrication compared to their 3D counterparts. However, the presence of in-plane mirror symmetry and reduced degree of freedom impose fundamental limitations on achieving advanced chiral response, beamforming, and reconfiguration capabilities.

An update on the latest strategies in retinal drug delivery.

Introduction: Retinal drug delivery has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, mainly driven by the prevalence of retinal diseases and the need for more efficient and patient-friendly treatment strategies.

Areas Covered: Advancements in nanotechnology have introduced novel drug delivery platforms to improve bioavailability and provide controlled/targeted delivery to specific retinal layers. This review highlights various treatment options for retinal diseases.

Holographic imaging of antiferromagnetic domains with in-situ magnetic field.

Lensless coherent x-ray imaging techniques have great potential for high-resolution imaging of magnetic systems with a variety of in-situ perturbations. Despite many investigations of ferromagnets, extending these techniques to the study of other magnetic materials, primarily antiferromagnets, is lacking. Here, we demonstrate the first (to our knowledge) study of an antiferromagnet using holographic imaging through the 'holography with extended reference by autocorrelation linear differential operation' technique.

Spatially reconfigurable antiferromagnetic states in topologically rich free-standing nanomembranes.

Antiferromagnets hosting real-space topological textures are promising platforms to model fundamental ultrafast phenomena and explore spintronics. However, they have only been epitaxially fabricated on specific symmetry-matched substrates, thereby preserving their intrinsic magneto-crystalline order. This curtails their integration with dissimilar supports, restricting the scope of fundamental and applied investigations.

Revealing emergent magnetic charge in an antiferromagnet with diamond quantum magnetometry.

Whirling topological textures play a key role in exotic phases of magnetic materials and are promising for logic and memory applications. In antiferromagnets, these textures exhibit enhanced stability and faster dynamics with respect to their ferromagnetic counterparts, but they are also difficult to study due to their vanishing net magnetic moment. One technique that meets the demand of highly sensitive vectorial magnetic field sensing with negligible backaction is diamond quantum magnetometry.

An Update on Strategies to Deliver Protein and Peptide Drugs to the Eye.

In the past few decades, advancements in protein engineering, biotechnology, and structural biochemistry have resulted in the discovery of various techniques that enhanced the production yield of proteins, targetability, circulating half-life, product purity, and functionality of proteins and peptides. As a result, the utilization of proteins and peptides has increased in the treatment of many conditions, including ocular diseases. Ocular delivery of large molecules poses several challenges due to their high molecular weight, hydrophilicity, unstable nature, and poor permeation through cellular and enzymatic barriers.

Experimental Evidence of t_{2g} Electron-Gas Rashba Interaction Induced by Asymmetric Orbital Hybridization.

We report the control of Rashba spin-orbit interaction by tuning asymmetric hybridization between Ti orbitals at the LaAlO_{3}/SrTiO_{3} interface. This asymmetric orbital hybridization is modulated by introducing a LaFeO_{3} layer between LaAlO_{3} and SrTiO_{3}, which alters the Ti-O lattice polarization and traps interfacial charge carriers, resulting in a large Rashba spin-orbit effect at the interface in the absence of an external bias. This observation is verified through high-resolution electron microscopy, magnetotransport and first-principles calculations.

Dynamic photoelectron transport in stepwise-doped GaAs photocathodes.

We present a theoretical model describing photoelectron transport dynamics in stepwise-doped GaAs photocathodes. Built-in electric field caused by the doping structure is analyzed, and the time-evolution of electron concentration in the active layer induced by a femtosecond laser pulse is solved. The predictions of the model show excellent agreement with the experimental data measured with pump-probe transient reflectometry, demonstrating the capability of the theoretical model in predicting photoelectron behaviors in real devices.

Variant SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines confer broad neutralization as primary or booster series in mice.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of a global pandemic. Safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines are now available, including mRNA-1273, which has shown 94% efficacy in prevention of symptomatic COVID-19 disease. However, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has led to concerns of viral escape from vaccine-induced immunity.

Variant SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines confer broad neutralization as primary or booster series in mice.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of a global pandemic. Safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines are now available, including mRNA-1273, which has shown 94% efficacy in prevention of symptomatic COVID-19 disease. However, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has led to concerns of viral escape from vaccine-induced immunity.

Reversible hydrogen control of antiferromagnetic anisotropy in α-FeO.

Antiferromagnetic insulators are a ubiquitous class of magnetic materials, holding the promise of low-dissipation spin-based computing devices that can display ultra-fast switching and are robust against stray fields. However, their imperviousness to magnetic fields also makes them difficult to control in a reversible and scalable manner. Here we demonstrate a novel proof-of-principle ionic approach to control the spin reorientation (Morin) transition reversibly in the common antiferromagnetic insulator α-FeO (haematite) - now an emerging spintronic material that hosts topological antiferromagnetic spin-textures and long magnon-diffusion lengths.

Antiferromagnetic half-skyrmions and bimerons at room temperature.

In the quest for post-CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) technologies, driven by the need for improved efficiency and performance, topologically protected ferromagnetic 'whirls' such as skyrmions and their anti-particles have shown great promise as solitonic information carriers in racetrack memory-in-logic or neuromorphic devices. However, the presence of dipolar fields in ferromagnets, which restricts the formation of ultrasmall topological textures, and the deleterious skyrmion Hall effect, when skyrmions are driven by spin torques, have thus far inhibited their practical implementation. Antiferromagnetic analogues, which are predicted to demonstrate relativistic dynamics, fast deflection-free motion and size scaling, have recently become the subject of intense focus, but they have yet to be experimentally demonstrated in natural antiferromagnetic systems.

The Impact of Physical Distancing Policies During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health and Well-Being Among Australian Adolescents.

Purpose: Physical distancing policies in the state of New South Wales (Australia) were implemented on March 23, 2020, because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated changes in physical activity, dietary behaviors, and well-being during the early period of this policy.

Methods: A cohort of young people aged 13-19 years from Sydney (N = 582) were prospectively followed for 22 weeks (November 18, 2019, to April 19, 2020).

Phase Diagram and Superconducting Dome of Infinite-Layer Nd_{1-x}Sr_{x}NiO_{2} Thin Films.

Infinite-layer Nd_{1-x}Sr_{x}NiO_{2} thin films with Sr doping level x from 0.08 to 0.3 are synthesized and investigated.

The Effectiveness of Patient-Centred Medical Home-Based Models of Care versus Standard Primary Care in Chronic Disease Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised and Non-Randomised Controlled Trials.

Patient-centred care by a coordinated primary care team may be more effective than standard care in chronic disease management. We synthesised evidence to determine whether patient-centred medical home (PCMH)-based care models are more effective than standard general practitioner (GP) care in improving biomedical, hospital, and economic outcomes. MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched to identify randomised (RCTs) and non-randomised controlled trials that evaluated two or more principles of PCMH among primary care patients with chronic diseases.

Direct Growth of Wafer-Scale, Transparent, p-Type Reduced-Graphene-Oxide-like Thin Films by Pulsed Laser Deposition.

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has attracted significant interest in an array of applications ranging from flexible optoelectronics, energy storage, sensing, and very recently as membranes for water purification. Many of these applications require a reproducible, scalable process for the growth of large-area films of high optical and electronic quality. In this work, we report a one-step scalable method for the growth of reduced-graphene-oxide-like (rGO-like) thin films pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of sp carbon in an oxidizing environment.

Stability of ceftolozane and tazobactam in different peritoneal dialysis solutions.

Background: Peritonitis is a common and serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). PD-associated peritonitis (PDAP) caused by is usually resistant to most antibiotics, resulting in high failure rates. Ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) has been shown to be effective in treating urinary tract and intra-abdominal infections caused by beta-lactam resistant and other gram-negative bacteria.

Chalcogenide Phase Change Material for Active Terahertz Photonics.

The strikingly contrasting optical properties of various phases of chalcogenide phase change materials (PCM) has recently led to the development of novel photonic devices such as all-optical non-von Neumann memory, nanopixel displays, color rendering, and reconfigurable nanoplasmonics. However, the exploration of chalcogenide photonics is currently limited to optical and infrared frequencies. Here, a phase change material integrated terahertz metamaterial for multilevel nonvolatile resonance switching with spatial and temporal selectivity is demonstrated.