Publications by authors named "Jani Anttila"
Article Synopsis
- * The study observed that wet strip-harvested sites showed better Sphagnum regeneration compared to dry clear-harvested sites, indicating variability in how harvesting methods affect regrowth over several years.
- * Greenhouse gas emissions were significantly influenced by moisture levels, with younger drier sites being CO2 sources, while older drier and wetter sites eventually acted as CO2 sinks as vegetation began to recover and establish.
Article Synopsis
- Plant-mediated CH transport (PMT) is crucial for understanding how methane escapes from soil to the atmosphere, influenced by both biotic factors (like plant species) and abiotic factors.
- Current ecosystem models only focus on biomass or leaf area index of plants, neglecting the complex interactions and contributions of within-plant microbes to methane flux.
- The text identifies five key research gaps, including variations among species, poorly understood environmental controls, and the need for more accurate models to predict ecosystem methane emissions.
The transport processes of methane (CH ) in tree stems remain largely unknown, although they are critical in assessing the whole-forest CH4 dynamics. We used a physically based dynamic model to study the spatial and diurnal dynamics of stem CH transport and fluxes. We parameterised the model using data from laboratory experiments with Pinus sylvestris and Betula pendula and compared the model to experimental data from a field study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFManaged boreal peatlands are widespread and economically important, but they are a large source of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Peatland GHG emissions are related to soil water-table level (WT), which controls the vertical distribution of aerobic and anaerobic processes and, consequently, sinks and sources of GHGs in soils. On forested peatlands, selection harvesting reduces stand evapotranspiration and it has been suggested that the resulting WT rise decreases soil net emissions, while the tree growth is maintained.
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- Predicting how infectious diseases spread is vital for conserving biodiversity, especially for bats affected by white-nose syndrome (WNS) in eastern North America.
- A study modeled the spread of WNS in Texas, considering environmental factors like cave density and bat movement, to assess its impact on bat populations over ten years.
- The findings indicate that northern Texas bat populations will suffer more from WNS than those in the southern region, suggesting that conservation efforts should focus on protecting large bat colonies in the north.
A tumour grows when the total division (birth) rate of its cells exceeds their total mortality (death) rate. The capability for uncontrolled growth within the host tissue is acquired via the accumulation of driver mutations which enable the tumour to progress through various hallmarks of cancer. We present a mathematical model of the penultimate stage in such a progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModel of bacterial toxin-dependent pathogenesis explains infective dose.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
October 2018
The initial amount of pathogens required to start an infection within a susceptible host is called the infective dose and is known to vary to a large extent between different pathogen species. We investigate the hypothesis that the differences in infective doses are explained by the mode of action in the underlying mechanism of pathogenesis: Pathogens with locally acting mechanisms tend to have smaller infective doses than pathogens with distantly acting mechanisms. While empirical evidence tends to support the hypothesis, a formal theoretical explanation has been lacking.
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- Many pathogens thrive in the environment and can invade hosts opportunistically, but their environmental aspects are often overlooked in traditional epidemiology.
- Environmental reservoirs can lead to new diseases, necessitating different control strategies compared to typical obligatory parasites.
- The dynamics of disease outbreaks are influenced by environmental variability, with stochastic variations being more likely to trigger outbreaks than periodic ones, highlighting the importance of both host susceptibility and pathogen growth in disease severity.
Environmentally transmitted pathogens face ecological interactions (e.g., competition, predation, parasitism) in the outside-host environment and host immune system during infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIs coproporphyrin III a copper-acquisition compound in Paracoccus denitrificans?
Biochim Biophys Acta
March 2011
Paracoccus denitrificans is a soil bacterium which can respire aerobically and also denitrify if oxygen is absent. Both processes are highly dependent on copper enzymes and copper is therefore likely to be an essential trace element for the bacterium. If copper is not easily available, a copper-acquisition mechanism would be highly beneficial.
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