Development of a human-friendly visual inspection method for painted vehicle bodies.

Visual inspections performed in the final stage of the vehicle manufacturing process are crucial for assuring the quality of painted vehicle bodies. However, lengthy visual inspections can cause fatigue and discomfort of the eyes, which may adversely affect inspection accuracy and efficiency. This study developed a new human-friendly visual inspection method for the detection of defects (e.

Development of an ergonomic design process for smartphone hard key locations.

Smartphone hard key locations need to be ergonomically determined to improve grip stability and operational efficiency for users' convenience. The present study proposed an ergonomic design process that determines smartphone hard key locations by statistically analyzing the preferred hard key control areas of users with various hand sizes based on users' preferred grip postures and hard key control areas. The proposed design process analyzes the characteristics of product design, user, task, and use context, the types of preferred grip posture, the preference distribution of grip posture, and the preference distribution of hard-key area, and then recommends the locations of hard keys by considering the preference distribution of hard-key area and design constraints.

Identification of Speech Characteristics to Distinguish Human Personality of Introversive and Extroversive Male Groups.

According to the similarity-attraction theory, humans respond more positively to people who are similar in personality. This observation also holds true between humans and robots, as shown by recent studies that examined human-robot interactions. Thus, it would be conducive for robots to be able to capture the user personality and adjust the interactional patterns accordingly.

Comparison of three-point belt fit between humans and Hybrid-III anthropometric test devices in a driver mockup.

The Hybrid-III anthropometric test devices (ATDs) are widely used by the automotive industry to evaluate restraint system performance in standardized vehicle crash tests. The relationship between the belt fit measured for people in driving posture and the belt fit obtained with ATDs has not been reported in the literature. The present study compares lap and shoulder belt fit data from ATDs and to a statistical estimate for drivers using age, stature, and BMI.

Identifying Traffic Context Using Driving Stress: A Longitudinal Preliminary Case Study.

Many previous studies have identified that physiological responses of a driver are significantly associated with driving stress. However, research is limited to identifying the effects of traffic conditions (low vs. high traffic) and road types (highway vs.

Driver head locations: Considerations for head restraint design.

Objective: U.S. FMVSS 202a requires that a vehicle head restraint lie within a specified distance (55 mm) from the physical headform on the head restraint measurement device (HRMD).

Comparison of three-point belt fit between humans and ATDs in rear seats.

Objective: The anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) in the Hybrid III family are widely used as human surrogates to test the crash performance of vehicles. A previous study demonstrated that passenger belt fit in rear seats was affected by high body mass index (BMI) and to a lesser extent by increased age. Specifically, the lap belt was worn higher and more forward as BMI and age increased.

Classification of Upper Body Shapes Among Korean Male Wheelchair Users to Improve Clothing Fit.

The upper body shape is an important factor to be considered in customized suit jacket design. The present study is intended to identify the lateral upper body shapes of wheelchair users in a sagittal plane. Anthropometric data of 144 Korean male wheelchair users were collected using a tape measure and photography.

Statistical Models for Predicting Automobile Driving Postures for Men and Women Including Effects of Age.

Background: Previously published statistical models of driving posture have been effective for vehicle design but have not taken into account the effects of age.

Objective: The present study developed new statistical models for predicting driving posture.

Methods: Driving postures of 90 U.

A statistical model including age to predict passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles.

Few statistical models of rear seat passenger posture have been published, and none has taken into account the effects of occupant age. This study developed new statistical models for predicting passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles. Postures of 89 adults with a wide range of age and body size were measured in a laboratory mock-up in seven seat configurations.

Analysis of the facial measurements of Korean Air Force pilots for oxygen mask design.

Unlabelled: This study measured the facial dimensions of Korean Air Force (KAF) pilots, to design a pilot oxygen mask, and compared them with those of Korean civilians and US Air Force (USAF) personnel. Twenty-two facial dimensions were measured for 278 KAF male pilots (KMP) and 58 KAF female pilots and cadets (KFP) using an anthropometer and a three-dimensional scanner. The KMP face measurements were found to be significantly larger (mean difference, [Formula: see text] = 0.

An anthropometric analysis of Korean male helicopter pilots for helicopter cockpit design.

Unlabelled: This study measured 21 anthropometric dimensions (ADs) of 94 Korean male helicopter pilots in their 20s to 40s and compared them with corresponding measurements of Korean male civilians and the US Army male personnel. The ADs and the sample size of the anthropometric survey were determined by a four-step process: (1) selection of ADs related to helicopter cockpit design, (2) evaluation of the importance of each AD, (3) calculation of required sample sizes for selected precision levels and (4) determination of an appropriate sample size by considering both the AD importance evaluation results and the sample size requirements. The anthropometric comparison reveals that the Korean helicopter pilots are larger (ratio of means = 1.