Pilot study on the feasibility of shape memory alloy implantation for Vancouver type B1 periprosthetic femoral fractures in a canine model: a step toward advancing treatment modalities.

Background: Cerclage wiring is commonly used for treating fractures; however, it has several limitations, including mechanical weakness, decreased blood circulation, and technical complexity. In this study, we developed an implant using a shape memory alloy (SMA) and tested its efficacy in treating Vancouver type B1 (VB1) periprosthetic femoral fractures (PFFs) in a canine model.

Methods: The mid-diaphyseal fracture models underwent reduction via the SMA plate (SMA group) or the cerclage cable plate (cable group) method in randomly selected pelvic limbs.

Oligomeric amyloid-β targeted contrast agent for MRI evaluation of Alzheimer's disease mouse models.

Background: Oligomeric amyloid beta (oAβ) is a toxic factor that acts in the early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may initiate the pathologic cascade. Therefore, detecting oAβ has a crucial role in the early diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of AD.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate MRI signal changes in different mouse models and the time-dependent signal changes using our novel gadolinium (Gd)-dodecane tetraacetic acid (DOTA)- ob5 aptamer contrast agent.

Synthesis and evaluation of antibody-drug conjugates with high drug-to-antibody ratio using dimaleimide-DM1 as a linker- payload.

The notable characteristics of recently emerged Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) encompass the targeting of Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2) through monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and a high ratio of drug to antibody (DAR). The achievements of Kadcyla® (T-DM1) and Enhertu® (T-Dxd) have demonstrated that HER2-targeting antibodies, such as trastuzumab, have shown to be competitive in terms of efficacy and price for development. Furthermore, with the arrival of T-Dxd and Trodelvy®, high-DAR (7-8) ADCs, which differ from the moderate DAR (3-4) ADCs that were formerly regarded as conventional, are being acknowledged for their worth.

Therapeutic effects of a novel electrode for transcranial direct current stimulation in ischemic stroke mice.

Non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a promising stimulation tool to modulate a wide range of brain disorders, has major limitations, such as poor cortical stimulation intensity and focality. We designed a novel electrode for tDCS by conjugating a needle to a conventional ring-based high-definition (HD) electrode to enhance cortical stimulation efficacy. HD-tDCS (43 µA/mm, charge density 51.

Effects of Alterations in Resting-State Neural Networks on the Severity of Neuropathic Pain after Spinal Cord Injury.

Neuropathic pain (NP) following spinal cord injury (SCI) is refractory to pain control strategies, and the underlying neuronal mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the brain regions engaged in maintaining a spontaneous resting state and the link between those regions and the severity of NP in patients with incomplete SCI. Seventy-three subjects (41 patients and 32 age- and sex-matched healthy controls) participated in this retrospective study.

Tumor-treating fields as a proton beam-sensitizer for glioblastoma therapy.

Few advances in GBM treatment have been made since the initiation of the Stupp trials in 2005. Experimental studies on immunotherapy drugs, molecular inhibitors, radiation dosage escalation and vascular growth factor blockers have all failed to provide satisfactory outcomes. TTFields therapy, on the other hand, have emerged as a viable substitute to therapies like radiation in GBM patients having a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.

Evaluation of the Effects of Developmental Trauma on Neurotransmitter Systems Using Functional Molecular Imaging.

Early life stress (ELS) is strongly associated with psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia in adulthood. To date, biological, behavioral, and structural aspects of ELS have been studied extensively, but their functional effects remain unclear. Here, we examined NeuroPET studies of dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and serotonergic systems in ELS animal models.

Dysfunction of anterior insula in the non- affected hemisphere in patients with post- stroke depression: A resting-state fMRI study.

Background: Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a consequential neuropsychiatric sequela that occurs after stroke. However, the pathophysiology of PSD are not well understood yet.

Objective: To explore alterations in functional connectivity (FC) between anterior insula and fronto-cortical and other subcortical regions in the non-affected hemisphere in patients with PSD compared to without PSD and healthy control.

Correction: Oh, J.Y., et al. Synergistic Autophagy Effect of miR-212-3p in Zoledronic Acid-Treated In Vitro and Orthotopic In Vivo Models and in Patient-Derived Osteosarcoma Cells, 2019, , 1812.

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...

Interhemispheric Functional Connectivity in the Primary Motor Cortex Assessed by Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Aids Long-Term Recovery Prediction among Subacute Stroke Patients with Severe Hand Weakness.

This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of interhemispheric functional connectivity (FC) as a predictor of motor recovery in severe hand impairment and to determine the cutoff FC level as a clinically useful parameter. Patients with stroke ( = 22; age, 59.9 ± 13.

Synergistic Autophagy Effect of miR-212-3p in Zoledronic Acid-Treated In Vitro and Orthotopic In Vivo Models and in Patient-Derived Osteosarcoma Cells.

Osteosarcoma (OS) originates from osteoid bone tissues and is prone to metastasis, resulting in a high mortality rate. Although several treatments are available for OS, an effective cure does not exist for most patients with advanced OS. Zoledronic acid (ZOL) is a third-generation bisphosphonate that inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and has shown efficacy in treating bone metastases in patients with various types of solid tumors.

Power Spectral Density Analysis of Long-Term Motor Recovery in Patients With Subacute Stroke.

Background: Prognostic measures of long-term motor recovery are important in patients with stroke presenting with severe hemiplegia.

Objective: We aimed to investigate whether initial power spectral density (PSD) analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) data can provide a sensitive prognostic predictor in patients with subacute stroke with severe hand disability.

Methods: Twelve patients with good recovery, 14 patients with poor recovery, and 12 healthy subjects were included.

Recovery of Proprioception in the Upper Extremity by Robotic Mirror Therapy: a Clinical Pilot Study for Proof of Concept.

A novel robotic mirror therapy system was recently developed to provide proprioceptive stimulus to the hemiplegic arm during a mirror therapy. Validation of the robotic mirror therapy system was performed to confirm its synchronicity prior to the clinical study. The mean error angle range between the intact arm and the robot was 1.

Neuromodulatory effects of offline low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the primary motor cortex (M1) can modulate cortical excitability and is thought to influence activity in other brain areas. In this study, we investigated the anatomical and functional effects of rTMS of M1 and the time course of after-effects from a 1-Hz subthreshold rTMS to M1. Using an "offline" functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)-rTMS paradigm, neural activation was mapped during simple finger movements after 1-Hz rTMS over the left M1 in a within-subjects repeated measurement design, including rTMS and sham stimulation.

Volume-normalized transfer constant as an imaging biomarker for chronic inflammatory arthritis: A dynamic contrast enhanced MRI study.

Purpose: Proper diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis are extremely important to optimize treatment outcomes. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) may be used as a biomarker to detect inflammatory changes in synovial joints and to discriminate active and inactive stages of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate vascular permeability changes associated with inflammatory arthritis progression and its treatment.

Altered executive function in the welders: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Chronic exposure to manganese (Mn) can lead to impairments in motor and cognitive functions. Several recent studies reported Mn-induced executive dysfunction. The present study compared the neural correlates of ongoing executive function of welders and healthy controls.

Synthesis, Magnetic Properties, Map Images, and Water Proton Relaxivities of D-Glucuronic Acid Coated Ln2O3 Nanoparticles (Ln = Ho and Er).

T2 MRI contrast agents cannot be synthesized by using molecules but nanoparticles because appreciable magnetic moments at room temperature are needed. Recently, some of lanthanide (Ln) oxide nanoparticles have shown decent magnetic moments at room temperature and even at ultrasmall particle diameters. In this study, we explored D-glucuronic acid coated Ln2O3 nanoparticles (Ln = Ho and Er) with ultrasmall particle diameters.

Altered executive function in the lead-exposed brain: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Introduction: It is well known that lead exposure induces neurotoxic effects, which can result in dysfunction in a variety of cognitive capacities including executive function. However, few studies have used fMRI to examine the direct neural correlates of executive function in participants with past lead exposure. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate possible alterations in the neural correlates of executive function in the previously lead-exposed brain.

Change of Brain Functional Connectivity in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury: Graph Theory Based Approach.

Objective: To investigate the global functional reorganization of the brain following spinal cord injury with graph theory based approach by creating whole brain functional connectivity networks from resting state-functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), characterizing the reorganization of these networks using graph theoretical metrics and to compare these metrics between patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and age-matched controls.

Methods: Twenty patients with incomplete cervical SCI (14 males, 6 females; age, 55±14.1 years) and 20 healthy subjects (10 males, 10 females; age, 52.

Alteration of Resting-State Brain Sensorimotor Connectivity following Spinal Cord Injury: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Motor and sensory deficits after spinal cord injury (SCI) result in functional reorganization of the sensorimotor network. While several task-evoked functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies demonstrated functional alteration of the sensorimotor network in SCI, there has been no study of the possible alteration of resting-state functional connectivity using resting-state fMRI. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of brain functional connectivity in the sensorimotor cortex of patients with SCI.

Blepharoptosis correction with buried suture method.

Background: Many surgical techniques have been developed to correct blepharoptosis, including the anterior levator resection or advancement, tarsoaponeurectomy, and Fasanella-Servat Müllerectomy. However, to minimize surgical scarring and reduce the postoperative recovery time, the procedure has been developed from a complete incision to a partial incision, which is appealing to patients. To aid the procedural development, this study describes a surgical technique in which the correction of blepharoptosis and a double eyelid fold operation are performed using a buried suture technique during the same operation.

Lead-induced impairments in the neural processes related to working memory function.

Background: It is well known that lead exposure induces neurotoxic effects, which can result in a variety of neurocognitive dysfunction. Especially, occupational lead exposures in adults are associated with decreases in cognitive performance including working memory. Despite recent advances in human neuroimaging techniques, the neural correlates of lead-exposed cognitive impairment remain unclear.