Low-Dose Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events Comparing East Asians With Westerners: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: East Asians have shown different risk profiles for both thrombophilia and bleeding than Western counterparts.

Objectives: The authors sought to evaluate the effect of low-dose aspirin for primary prevention between these populations.

Methods: We searched randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for intervention with low-dose aspirin (≤100 mg once daily) in participants without symptomatic cardiovascular disease until December 31, 2021.

Epidemiology of myocardial infarction in Korea: hospitalization incidence, prevalence, and mortality.

Few studies have comprehensively presented epidemiological indicators of myocardial infarction in Korea. However, multiple published articles and open-source secondary data on the epidemiology of myocardial infarction are now available. This review summarized the hospitalization incidence, prevalence, and mortality rate of myocardial infarction in Korea using articles and open-source data from the Health Insurance Service and the Department of Statistics, surveys of sample populations, registries of patients, and other sources.

Individual-level Associations Between Indicators of Social Capital and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Scores in Communities With High Mortality in Korea.

Objectives: This study examined associations among social capital indicators (social participation and generalized trust) at the individual level and alcohol use, which was quantified using Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores.

Methods: In total, there were 8800 participants in community health interviews, including 220 adults sampled systematically from a resident registration database of each of 40 sub-municipal administrative units of local (city or county) governments. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using polychotomous logistic regression.

The Association of Perceived Neighborhood Walkability and Environmental Pollution With Frailty Among Community-dwelling Older Adults in Korean Rural Areas: A Cross-sectional Study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of frailty with perceived neighborhood walkability and environmental pollution among community-dwelling older adults in rural areas.

Methods: The participants were 808 community-dwelling men and women aged 65 years and older in 2 rural towns. Comprehensive information, including demographics, socioeconomic status, grip strength, polypharmacy, perceived neighborhood environment (specifically, walkability and environmental pollution), and frailty, was collected from participants using face-to-face interviews conducted between June and August 2018.

Altered Thoracic Cage Dimensions in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may cause changes in the shape of the thoracic cage by increasing lung volume and hyperinflation. This study investigated changes in thoracic cage dimensions and related factors in patients with COPD.

Methods: We enrolled 85 patients with COPD (76 males, 9 females; mean age, 70.

Associations of Generalized Trust and Social Participation at the Individual Level with Unmet Healthcare Needs in Communities with High Mortality.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether generalized trust and/or social participation at an individual level have negative associations with unmet healthcare needs.

Methods: Door-to-door interviews were conducted by trained interviewers to collect information. The 8,800 study participants included 220 adults sampled systematically using the resident registration database from 40 sub-municipal-level administrative units in Korea.

Association of social capital at the individual level with physical activity in communities with high mortality in Korea.

The aim of this study was to investigate the association of various dimensions of social capital at the individual level with physical activity. We used data from community health interviews conducted in 40 sub-municipal-level administrative units with high mortality from August to October in 2010, 2011 or 2012 for health projects in South Korea. The 8800 study subjects included 220 adults from each administrative unit, who were sampled systematically using the resident registration database.

Risk Factors for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection in Areas with a High Prevalence of HCV in the Republic of Korea in 2013.

Background/aims: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Busan, Gyeongnam, and Jeonnam Provinces in Korea is more than twice the national average. This study aimed to examine whether demographic and lifestyle characteristics are associated with HCV infection in these areas.

Methods: A case control study was performed at three study hospitals.

Risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection in close contacts of active tuberculosis patients in South Korea: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) have become mandatory to reduce the burden of tuberculosis worldwide. Close contacts of active TB patients are at high risk of both active and LTBI. The aim of this study is to identify the predominant risk factors of contracting LTBI, persons in close contact with TB patients were recruited.

Association between weight change and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients.

Purpose: Body weight fluctuates daily throughout a patient's stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) due to a variety of factors, including fluid balance, nutritional status, type of acute illness, and presence of comorbidities. This study investigated the association between change in body weight and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients during short-term hospitalization in the ICU.

Methods: All patients admitted to the Gyeongsang National University hospital between January 2010 and December 2011 who met the inclusion criteria of age 18 or above and ICU hospitalization for at least 2 days were prospectively enrolled in this study.

Incidence of hip fractures in Jeju Island, South Korea: a prospective study (2002-2006).

Background: This study was performed to estimate the incidence of hip fractures of people older than 50 years in South Korea.

Methods: Information of patients over 50 years of age who had sustained a hip fracture were obtained from the records of eight hospitals in Jeju Island between 2002 and 2006 to calculate the incidence of hip fractures in this age group.

Results: There were 820 hip fractures during the study period.

[Factors associated with cancer screening intention in eligible persons for national cancer screening program].

Objectives: To identify factors associated with cancer screening intention using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).

Methods: Among 55,920 eligible persons for National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) in J city, 1,100 individuals were contacted. Of these, 797 were interviewed using a structured questionnaire.

[The factors associated with changes in the stage of breast cancer screening behavior among the women who are eligible for the Korean National Cancer Screening Program].

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the relationships between psychosocial characteristics and changes in the stage of breast cancer screening behavior.

Methods: The 474 study subjects were randomly sampled from 21,459 women (age range, 40-70 years) who were eligible for the Korean National Cancer Screening Program in 2006 in Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do. The information, including behaviors and sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes, subjective norms and self-efficacy, was collected by trained interviewers via home visits.

A community-based case-control study of behavioral factors associated with scrub typhus during the autumn epidemic season in South Korea.

A community-based, case-control study was carried out to investigate risk factors for scrub typhus in South Korea. Cases (n = 299) were defined as persons who were diagnosed serologically within the past two weeks. Two neighborhood control subjects were selected by matching for sex, age, and occupation.

The prognostic significance of the mucin phenotype of gastric adenocarcinoma and its relationship with histologic classifications.

The prognostic value of histologic classifications of gastric adenocarcinoma is controversial, although they have been commonly used. The clinical significance of the mucin phenotype has not been clarified. This study was conducted to determine the clinical significance of mucin phenotype as a possible prognostic factor.

The evaluation of relevant factors influencing skin graft changes in color over time.

Background: Objective studies evaluating the relevant factors that affect skin graft changes in color over time have yet to be published.

Objective: Therefore, the patterns of the grafted skin's color changes and the presence of relevant factors were analyzed statistically.

Materials And Methods: The study included 107 skin grafts in 107 subjects.

[The levels of psychosocial stress, job stress and related factors of medical doctors practicing at local clinics].

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the levels of psychosocial stress, job stress and their related factors among medical doctors practicing at local clinics.

Methods: A survey using a self administered questionnaire was administered to 1,456 doctors practicing at private clinics via post for 2 months (2006. 1 - 2006.

Prediction of collapse in femoral head osteonecrosis: a modified Kerboul method with use of magnetic resonance images.

Background: The hypothesis that the combined necrotic angle measurement from magnetic resonance imaging scans predicts the subsequent risk of collapse in hips with femoral head necrosis was tested.

Methods: Thirty-seven hips with early stage osteonecrosis in thirty-three consecutive patients were investigated. With use of the modified method of Kerboul et al.

Validity of serum pepsinogen levels and quininium resin test combined for gastric cancer screening.

Background: To investigate the feasibility of combining several serum markers into a valid serum screening tool for gastric cancer, we performed a study evaluating the association between gastric cancer and precancerous conditions and a blood test for gastric acidity (the blood quininium resin test [QRT]) combined with serum pepsinogen levels.

Methods: We performed immunoradiometric assays of serum pepsinogen I (PG I), II (PG II) levels, and QRT's in 10 endoscopically normal subjects, in 20 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, and in 13 patients with biopsy-confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma.

Results: Serum PG I, II levels, I/II ratio were significantly different among normal, gastritis, and cancer patients.

Efficacy of a smoking cessation intervention using the AHCPR guideline tailored for Koreans: a randomized controlled trial.

This study was undertaken to evaluate a tailored smoking cessation intervention, which is applicable to Korean culture, using the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) guideline. On-site counselors provided brief nurse-assisted smoking cessation counseling, including follow-up telephone support, to prevent a relapse in 200 randomly assigned smoking patients. These patients were referred by their physicians regardless of their willingness in smoking cessation in the outpatient department at a university hospital.

Role of thrombotic and fibrinolytic disorders in osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Some studies have suggested that thrombotic and fibrinolytic disorders may be etiologic causes of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. A case-control study was done to determine whether these disorders are associated with osteonecrosis of the femoral head in East Asian patients with nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Twenty-four consecutive patients who had been diagnosed as having nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head were matched with 24 control subjects for gender, age (1-year range), and the time of presentation (1-year range).