Study Protocol of the Korean EGFR Registry: A Multicenter Prospective and Retrospective Cohort Study in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Patients With EGFR Mutation.

Introduction: The provision of treatment for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients has increased in Korea. However, multicenter studies on the clinicopathologic dataset and treatment outcomes, using a large-scale dataset, have not been conducted. The current study is a prospective and retrospective multicenter observational cohort study that registers all stages of EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients.

Severe aplastic anemia with acquired X chromosome clonality as a sole abnormality.

This case is a rare presentation of severe aplastic anemia in a 31-year-old male with acquired clonality of the X chromosome as the sole cytogenetic abnormality. This abnormality has not been reported to our knowledge, and the significance of this finding remains unclear. Comprehensive diagnostic workup included bone marrow biopsy, cytogenetic analysis, and Next-Generation sequencing, which revealed no tier I/II variants typically associated with clonal hematopoietic disorders.

Release-modulating mechanism and comparative pharmacokinetics in beagle dogs of bethanechol-loaded oral dosage forms.

Bethanechol chloride (BTC), a quaternary ammonium compound used in bladder dysfunction treatment, requires challenges in developing optimal oral dosage forms due to its high water-solubility, short half-life, rapid elimination and four times a day administration. The aim of this study was to develop optimal BTC-loaded oral dosage forms that could provide both rapid onset and sustained therapeutic effects while reducing the frequency of conventional four-times-daily dosing (Mytonin® tablets). Four different BTC-loaded oral dosage forms were designed including gastro-retentive tablet (GRT), controlled-release tablet (CRT), bilayer tablet (BLT), and tablet-in-tablet (TIT).

Landscape and prognostic significance of oncogene drivers in metastatic castration sensitive prostate cancer.

Background: Tumor suppressors are well known drivers of cancer invasion and metastasis in metastatic castration sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). However, oncogenes are also known to be altered in this state, however the frequency and prognosis of these alterations are unclear. Thus, we aimed to study the spectrum of oncogene mutations in mCSPC and study the significance of these alteration on outcomes.

Contemporary surgical management of testicular seminoma.

Testicular cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among young men in the United States. Seminoma comprises a little over half of all testicular germ cell neoplasms. After radial inguinal orchiectomy, management of seminoma is dictated by tumor stage and risk stratification.

Bladder sparing management for muscle-invasive bladder cancer after a complete clinical response: ready for prime time?-a narrative review.

Background And Objective: A standard of care for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical cystectomy (RC). Given recent improvements in NAC and the morbidity associated with RC, bladder-sparing therapy has been investigated as a promising treatment for patients with MIBC who experience a complete clinical response (CCR) to systemic therapy. However, clinical staging is unreliable, making it challenging to determine ideal candidates for bladder-sparing therapy.

Investigating Structural and Surface Modifications in Ion-Implanted 4H-SiC for Enhanced Dopant Distribution Analysis in Power Semiconductors.

This study aims to develop a reference material that enables precise management of dopant distribution in power semiconductors. We thoroughly investigate the structural and surface properties of 4H-silicon carbide (4H-SiC) single crystals implanted without annealing using aluminum (Al) and phosphorus (P) ions. Ion-implanted 4H-SiC was thoroughly evaluated using advanced techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), time of flight medium energy ion scattering (ToF-MEIS), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS).

Pharmacokinetic study of polymyxin B in healthy subjects and subjects with renal insufficiency.

Polymyxin B is a viable option for treating antibiotic-resistant infections; however, current data on its pharmacokinetics, particularly in patients with renal insufficiency, remain inconclusive and necessitates further investigation. To address this gap, we conducted an open-label, single-center, single-dose, parallel-group pharmacokinetic study. Participants received an intravenous dose of 0.

Meta-structure of amorphous-inspired 65.1Co28.2Cr5.3Mo lattices augmented by artificial intelligence.

Unlabelled: A hatching-distance-controlled lattice of 65.1Co28.2Cr5.

The first Palearctic species of Discheramocephalus Johnson (Coleoptera, Ptiliidae, Ptiliinae) from Korea with an annotated catalog of the genus Discheramocephalus.

Nineteen species of the genus Discheramocephalus Johnson have been identified from the Afrotropical, Australasian, Indomalayan, and Neotropical regions. According to distribution of the previously known species and some undescribed species, Discheramocephalus has been suggested to be a pantropical genus. Herein, the first Palearctic species, Discheramocephalus jaeseoki sp.

The dysadherin/MMP9 axis modifies the extracellular matrix to accelerate colorectal cancer progression.

The dynamic alteration of the tumor microenvironment (TME) serves as a driving force behind the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Within the intricate TME, a pivotal player is the extracellular matrix (ECM), where modifications in components, degradation, and stiffness are considered critical factors in tumor development. In this study, we find that the membrane glycoprotein dysadherin directly targets matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP9), initiating ECM remodeling within the TME and amplifying cancer progression.

Surveillance Imaging and GAAD/GALAD Scores for Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis.

Background And Aims: Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is crucial for improving survival in patients with chronic hepatitis. The GALAD algorithm combines gender (biological sex), age, α-fetoprotein (AFP), agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP (AFP-L3), and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) for HCC detection. Similarly, the GAAD algorithm incorporates gender (biological sex), age, AFP, and PIVKA-II.

A facile approach to microplastic identification and quantification using differential scanning calorimetry.

The ubiquity of microplastics (MP) in aquatic environments has been raising concerns. Although the μ-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (μ-FTIR) technique is commonly used to detect MPs, it is an expensive and time-consuming process that requires expert operation. Moreover, the mass concentration of MPs cannot be determined, thereby necessitating the development of an inexpensive and simple analytical technique for identifying and quantifying MPs in aquatic environments using thermal-based technologies.

Omission of intraoperative drain placement during robotic partial nephrectomy and robotic radical prostatectomy is safe: an analysis of 18,000 patients.

Purpose: Placement of a drain during robotic assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) and robotic assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is standard practice for many urologists and can aid in assessment and management of complications such as urine leak, lymphocele, or bleeding. However, drain placement can cause discomfort and delay patient discharge, with questionable benefit. We aim to assess the correlation between drain placement with post operative complications.

Vinblastine Resistance Is Associated with Nephronophthisis 3-Mediated Primary Cilia via Intraflagellar Transport Protein 88 and Apoptosis-Antagonizing Transcription Factor.

Primary cilia (PC) are microtubule-based organelles that function as cellular antennae to sense and transduce extracellular signals. Nephronophthisis 3 (NPHP3) is localized in the inversin compartment of PC. Mutations in NPHP3 are associated with renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia.

Association between the safety climate and occupational injury in the Korean working population: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Preventing occupational injuries remains a significant challenge in Korea. A positive safety climate can contribute to reducing workplace injuries. However, the impact of safety climate on preventing occupational injuries among the Korean workforce has not been adequately explored.

The role of radical cystectomy and lymphadenectomy in the management of bladder cancer with clinically positive lymph node involvement.

Purpose Of Review: The role of radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) with clinically positive lymph nodes is debated. This review examines the role of surgery in treating patients with clinical N1 and more advanced nodal involvement (N2-N3) within a multimodal treatment approach.

Recent Findings: For clinical N1 disease, guidelines typically recommend neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery.

Early Adjuvant Chemotherapy Improves Survival in Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate whether earlier administration of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) can significantly augment survival rates in muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus, and Web of Science library databases for original articles that looked at timing to AC after radical cystectomy. Heterogeneity was assessed using Higgins I2%, with values over 50% considered heterogeneous and analyzed with a random effects model; otherwise, a fixed effects model was used.

Stretchable and biodegradable self-healing conductors for multifunctional electronics.

As the regenerative mechanisms of biological organisms, self-healing provides useful functions for soft electronics or associated systems. However, there have been few examples of soft electronics where all components have self-healing properties while also ensuring compatibility between components to achieve multifunctional and resilient bio-integrated electronics. Here, we introduce a stretchable, biodegradable, self-healing conductor constructed by combination of two layers: (i) synthetic self-healing elastomer and (ii) self-healing conductive composite with additives.

Impact of the life-sustaining treatment decision act on organ donation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in South Korea: a multi-centre retrospective study.

Background: The demand for organ transplants, both globally and in South Korea, substantially exceeds the supply, a situation that might have been aggravated by the enactment of the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decision Act (LSTDA) in February 2018. This legislation may influence emergency medical procedures and the availability of organs from brain-dead donors. This study aimed to assess LSTDA's impact, introduced in February 2018, on organ donation status in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients in a metropolitan city and identified related factors.