Intermolecular Interactions between Cysteine and Aromatic Amino Acids with a Phenyl Moiety in the DNA-Binding Domain of Heat Shock Factor 1 Regulate Thermal Stress-Induced Trimerization.

In this study, we investigated the trimerization mechanism and structure of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) using western blotting, tryptophan (Trp) fluorescence spectroscopy, and molecular modeling. First, we examined the DNA-binding domains of human (), goldfish (), and walleye pollock () HSF1s by mutating key residues (36 and 103) that are thought to directly affect trimer formation. Human, goldfish, and walleye pollock HSF1s contain cysteine at residue 36 but cysteine (C), tyrosine (Y), and phenylalanine (F), respectively, at residue 103.

pH Dependence of HSF1 trimerization is shaped by intramolecular interactions.

Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) primarily regulates various cellular stress responses. Previous studies have shown that low pH within the physiological range directly activates HSF1 function in vitro. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Severe pulmonary edema occurred during endobronchial ultrasound under monitored anesthesia care - A case report.

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) is widely used to diagnose lung cancer. Monitored anesthesia care (MAC) can enhance patient comfort and procedural conditions during EBUS. EBUS under MAC is usually safe but can lead to various complications.

Anesthetic management of an elderly COVID-19 patient with pulmonary thromboembolism for hip surgery - A case report.

Background: COVID-19 and delayed hip surgery are well-known risk factors for thromboembolism in elderly patients.

Case: We report the case of an 88-year-old female patient with COVID-19 and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) who underwent delayed hip surgery 21 days after the injury. Heparinization and inferior vena cava filters were used to treat and prevent PTE.

Catatonia associated with prolonged stupor after general anesthesia in a patient with multiple neuropsychiatric disorders -a case report.

Background: Delayed emergence after general anesthesia may significantly affect a patient's condition. We present the case of a patient who experienced prolonged delayed recovery of consciousness, language, and motor response due to catatonia after eight hours of total elbow arthroplasty under general anesthesia.

Case: A 68-year-old woman with neuropsychiatric disorders and Parkinson's disease did not respond adequately during recovery after more than eight hours of general anesthesia.

Prophylactic use of donut-shaped cushion to reduce sacral pressure injuries during open heart surgery.

Background: Pressure injuries are likely to develop in the operating room due to the high temperature and humidity underneath the patients. This study was designed to reduce sacral pressure injuries using donut-shaped cushions on patients undergoing open heart surgery in a supine position for more than three hours.

Materials And Methods: Patients undergoing open heart surgery for more than three hours were randomly allocated.

Two cases of late-onset cardiovascular toxicities after a single injection of local anesthetics during supraclavicular brachial plexus block - A report of two cases.

Background: Local anesthetics systemic toxicity (LAST) is a grave complication of regional anesthesia that usually occurs immediately after local anesthetics injection. Here, we report on rare late-onset toxicity cases after supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks.

Case: Two patients underwent surgery for radius fractures.

Differential virulence of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) isolated from salmonid fish in Gangwon Province, Korea.

The present study investigated the virulence and expression of innate immunity genes in isolates of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in Gangwon province, South Korea, by challenging rainbow trout, Atlantic salmon, and coho salmon. Eight IHNV isolates were used to infect RTG-2 cells for viral replication using plaque assays. Three isolates with the highest replication rates, the RtPc0314g and RtPc0314c isolates of the JRt-Shizuoka type and the RtPc0816g isolate of the JRt-Nagano type, were experimentally infected into the fish.

Successful anesthetic management of a giant lower lip hemangioma patient using high flow nasal cannula -a case report.

Background: Giant lip hemangioma is a rare disease that may cause difficulty in preoxygenation and ventilation when using face masks and intubation during general anesthesia induction.

Case: A laparoscopic cholecystectomy was planned for a 77-year-old woman. The patient had a giant lower lip hemangioma that was 12 x 5 x 5 cm, which made preoxygenation and ventilation through a face mask impossible and put her at risk of hemangioma rupture.

Epidural analgesia versus intravenous analgesia after minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum in pediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative pain control after the minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE) is essential, but there is a controversy about a better analgesic method between epidural and intravenous (IV) analgesia. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effect of epidural versus IV analgesia following MIRPE.

Methods: We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register, and ClinicalTrials.

Strategies for Optimizing the Production of Proteins and Peptides with Multiple Disulfide Bonds.

Bacteria can produce recombinant proteins quickly and cost effectively. However, their physiological properties limit their use for the production of proteins in their native form, especially polypeptides that are subjected to major post-translational modifications. Proteins that rely on disulfide bridges for their stability are difficult to produce in .

Blood clot formation in reinfusion bag with CATSmart: Two case reports.

Autologous blood cell salvage reduces the need for postoperative allogeneic blood transfusion and alleviates immunologic reactions, so the technique is commonly used in cardiac surgery. The continuous autotransfusion system is a type of blood cell salvage device. Although the processing program of continuous autotransfusion system includes filtering of several materials from suctioned blood, such as clots, leukocytes, cytokines, and complement, we identified some unexpected blood clots in the reinfusion bag.

Anticholinergic premedication-induced fever in paediatric ambulatory ketamine anaesthesia.

Objective: A randomized, double-blind, prospective study to evaluate the effect of anticholinergic drugs on thermoregulation in paediatric patients undergoing ambulatory anaesthesia with ketamine.

Methods: Patients were randomized to receive either 0.005 mg/kg glycopyrrolate or the equivalent volume of normal saline (placebo) at 30 min before ketamine anaesthesia.

Postpartum spinal subdural hematoma: irrelevant epidural blood patch: a case report.

We report a healthy patient with postpartum headache and neck stiffness which were diagnosed as symptoms of pseudoaneurysm of vertebral artery. She had received a Cesarean section under the spinal anesthesia, and complaint of headache and neck stiffness. Epidural blood patches were done twice, but symptoms persisted.

Influence of Ketamine on Early Postoperative Cognitive Function After Orthopedic Surgery in Elderly Patients.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a serious and frequent complication after surgery, especially in elderly patients. Ketamine is an N-methyl D-aspartic acid receptor antagonist with demonstrated neuroprotective effects. An intravenous bolus of a sub-anesthetic dose (0.

Identification, tissue distribution and characterization of two heat shock factors (HSFs) in goldfish (Carassius auratus).

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are synthesized rapidly in response to a variety of physiological or environmental stressors, whereas the transcriptional activation of HSPs is regulated by a family of heat shock factors (HSFs). In vertebrates, multiple HSFs (HSF1-4) have been reported to have different roles in response to a range of stresses. This paper reports the cDNA cloning of two goldfish (Carassius auratus) HSF gene families, HSF1 and three isoforms of HSF2.

protonation behavior of histidine during HSF1 activation by physiological acidification.

The expression of eukaryotic molecular chaperones (heat shock proteins, HSPs) is triggered in response to a wide range of environmental stresses, including: heat shock, hydrogen peroxide, heavy metal, low-pH, or virus infection. Biochemical and genetic studies have clearly shown the fundamental roles of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) in stress-inducible HSP gene expression, resistance to stress-induced cell death, carcinogenesis, and other biological phenomena. Previous studies show that acidic pH changes within the physiological range directly activate the HSF1 function in vitro.

Production of disulfide bond-rich peptides by fusion expression using small transmembrane proteins of Escherichia coli.

Recombinant expression in Escherichia coli allows the simple, economical, and effective production of bioactive peptides. On the other hand, the production of native peptides, particularly those rich in disulfide bonds, is a major problem. Previous studies have reported that the use of carrier proteins for fusion expression can result in good peptide yields, but few are folded correctly.

Functional expression of Carassius auratus cytochrome P4501A in a novel Shewanella oneidensis expression system and application for the degradation of benzo[a]pyrene.

Cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) in fish has attracted an increasing interest because of its important roles in the metabolic activation of certain xenobiotics such as aromatic hydrocarbons. CYPs are reported to be expressed in yeast, insect cells and Escherichia coli, but are critical for high-level expression. Besides, this study found that the purification of recombinant goldfish CYP1A would result in a loss of enzyme activity.

Potential role of HSP90 in mediating the interactions between estrogen receptor (ER) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathways.

The estrogen receptor (ER) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) are ligand-activated transcription factors involved in estrogen or xenobiotic exposure, whereas the 90-kDa heat shock protein (HSP90), which is a ubiquitously expressed molecular chaperone, is involved in the signal transduction process. Although the interactions between these pathways have been under investigation, the mechanisms are unclear and the potential role of HSP90 in these interactions has not been reported. The results of goldfish primary hepatocytes showed that exposure to PCB77 and 17β-estradiol (E2) alone induced significant protein expression of cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) and vitellogenin (VTG), respectively.

Left atrial wall dissection after mitral valve replacement.

Left atrial dissection does occur, though rarely, after mitral valve surgery. A 68-year-old Korean female presented with moderate mitral stenosis, mild mitral regurgitation, moderate tricuspid regurgitation and mild aortic regurgitation. She was scheduled for mitral valve replacement and tricuspid annuloplasty.

Comparison of cardiac output derived from FloTrac™/Vigileo™ and impedance cardiography during major abdominal surgery.

Objectives: Impedance cardiography (ICG) is a noninvasive technique that provides reasonably accurate measurements of cardiac output, but the usefulness of ICG in patients undergoing open abdominal surgery has not been validated.

Methods: Cardiac output was measured while patients underwent open gastrectomy using an ICG monitor (niccomo™; ICG-CO); the results were compared with those measured using a FloTrac™/Vigileo™ monitor (Flo-CO), which measures cardiac output by analysing the arterial waveform. Data collection commenced at the beginning of anaesthetic induction and continued until the patient was awake.

Molecular characterization of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway in goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposure to TCDD: the mRNA and protein levels.

In bony fish or other aquatic vertebrates, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathway is initiated by exposure to polycyclic (or/and halogenated) aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, TCDD), which subsequently induces the up-regulated expression of a series of related genes (such as cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A)). However, a lack of applicable protein reagents hinders our further understanding of the AhR signaling pathway, which focuses only on gene-based investigations. The goldfish (Carassius auratus) is an ideal model for a study of environmental pollution in whole-Asian fresh water.