Budget Impact Analysis of Empagliflozin in the Treatment of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes With Established Cardiovascular Disease in South Africa.

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the budget impact and affordability of empagliflozin added to usual care compared with usual care alone, in a diabetic population with established cardiovascular disease, from a private healthcare payer perspective in South Africa.

Methods: A budget impact model was adapted and localized. Epidemiological data were obtained from the South African Council for Medical Schemes.

Vaccine financing in the Middle East and Africa: An overview from 2010 to 2019.

Background: Vaccination is a cost-effective disease prevention measure. Sustainable financing is critical to successful implementation of vaccination programs. Countries in the Middle East and Africa (MEA) have vaccination programs that remain highly vulnerable to budget limitations.