Routines, Hope, and Antiretroviral Treatment among Men and Women in Uganda.

Antiretroviral treatment programs, despite biomedical emphases, require social understanding and transformations to be successful. In this article, we draw from a qualitative study of HIV treatment seeking to examine the drug-taking routines and health-related subjectivities of men and women on antiretroviral treatment (ART) at two sites in Uganda. We show that while not all participants in ART programs understand clinical protocols in biomedical terms, they adopt treatment-taking strategies to integrate medication into daily practices and social spaces.

Indices to measure risk of HIV acquisition in Rakai, Uganda.

Introduction: Targeting most-at-risk individuals with HIV preventive interventions is cost-effective. We developed gender-specific indices to measure risk of HIV among sexually active individuals in Rakai, Uganda.

Methods: We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to estimate time-to-HIV infection associated with candidate predictors.

Challenging the paradigm: anthropological perspectives on HIV as a chronic disease.

Recently HIV has been framed as a 'manageable' chronic disease in contexts in which access to effective care is reliable. The chronic disease paradigm emphasizes self-care, biomedical disease management, social normalization, and uncertainty. Data from a longitudinal study of patients (N = 949) in HIV care at two sites in Uganda, collected through semistructured interviews and ethnographic data, permit examination of the salience of this model in a high burden, low resource context struggling to achieve the promise of a manageable HIV epidemic.

'Slipping through the cracks': policy implications of delays in HIV treatment seeking.

Public health initiatives to 'test and treat' HIV-infected persons require understanding HIV care seeking. A study of 101 HIV-infected women receiving anti-retroviral medications in Kampala, Uganda, examined barriers to HIV care. Participants entered HIV/AIDS care late, despite knowing their risk and having sought care for symptoms.

Task shifting for tuberculosis control: a qualitative study of community-based directly observed therapy in urban Uganda.

This qualitative study of task shifting examined tuberculosis (TB) therapy under modified community-based directly observed treatment short-course (CB-DOTS) in Kampala, Uganda. New TB patients selected one of two strategies: home-based DOTS and clinic-based DOTS. Relevant socio-economic characteristics, treatment-seeking experiences and outcomes were assessed over eight months of follow-up.

AIDS in Africa: A bioanthropological perspective.

The epidemiological characteristics of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Africa are reviewed. Infection rates with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and human immunodeficiency virus 2 (HIV-2) vary across the continent of Africa with the highest infection rates occurring in East and Central Africa. The primary pattern of infection with HIV-1 is characterized by high rates of heterosexual vs.