Impact of Social Deprivation on Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Treatment Timeline.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the impact of area deprivation index (ADI) on treatment timelines of patients with cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS). We hypothesize that increased social deprivation will correlate with increased time between care milestones from presentation to surgery.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with CuTS who underwent surgical intervention at a single academic institution.

Bacterial Associates of a Desert Specialist Fungus-Growing Ant Antagonize Competitors with a Nocamycin Analog.

Fungus-growing ants are defended by antibiotic-producing bacterial symbionts in the genus . Nutrients provisioned by the ants support these symbionts but also invite colonization and competition from other bacteria. As an arena for chemically mediated bacterial competition, this niche offers a window into ecological antibiotic function with well-defined competing organisms.

Long-term safety evaluation of a novel oxygen-coordinated niacin-bound chromium (III) complex.

Chromium (III) is an essential micronutrient required for normal protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as helps insulin metabolize fat, turn protein into muscle and convert sugar into energy. A broad spectrum of research investigations including in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies demonstrated the beneficial effects of novel oxygen- coordinated niacin-bound chromium (III) complex (NBC) in promoting glucose-insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, cardioprotective ability and lean body mass. This study examined the long-term safety of NBC by orally administering either 0 or 25 ppm or the human equivalency dose of 1000 microg elemental chromium (III) as NBC per day for 52 consecutive weeks to male and female Sprague-Dawley rats.