A Phenomenological Exploration of Families' Experiences of the Mental Health System of Care in the Monadnock Region.

Accessing mental health treatment in rural locations is a unique challenge for families with youth experiencing adverse mental health conditions. Families often experience a variety of difficulties accessing and negotiating changes within the system of care. This study aimed to understand the experiences of families and their youth in navigating the mental health system in a rural community.

Structural Basis of Human Dimeric α-Amino-β-Carboxymuconate-ε-Semialdehyde Decarboxylase Inhibition With TES-1025.

Human α-amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) stands at a branch point of the NAD synthesis pathway and plays an important role in maintaining NAD homeostasis. It has been recently identified as a novel therapeutic target for a wide range of diseases, including inflammatory, metabolic disorders, and aging. So far, in absence of potent and selective enzyme inhibitors, only a crystal structure of the complex of human dimeric ACMSD with pseudo-substrate dipicolinic acid has been resolved.

Conducting community rehabilitation review sessions via videoconference: A feasibility study.

Objective: To determine the feasibility of conducting a single videoconferencing session (telerehabilitation) instead of a face-to-face home visit for a review appointment in a community rehabilitation program.

Design: A feasibility study based on Bowen's framework was used to determine demand, acceptability, limited efficacy and practicality of telerehabilitation. The study involved qualitative and quantitative data analysis.

Synthetic Lethality in Pancreatic Cancer: Discovery of a New RAD51-BRCA2 Small Molecule Disruptor That Inhibits Homologous Recombination and Synergizes with Olaparib.

Synthetic lethality is an innovative framework for discovering novel anticancer drug candidates. One example is the use of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) in oncology patients with mutations. Here, we exploit a new paradigm based on the possibility of triggering synthetic lethality using only small organic molecules (dubbed "fully small-molecule-induced synthetic lethality").

Vaccine Coverage among Children with and without Intellectual Disabilities in the UK: Cross Sectional Study.

Background: Universal childhood vaccination programmes form a core component of child health policies in most countries, including the UK. Achieving high coverage rates of vaccines is critical for establishing 'herd immunity' and preventing disease outbreaks. Evidence from the UK has identified several groups of children who are at risk of not being fully immunised.

The association between employment and the health of people with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review.

Background: There is strong evidence indicating that paid employment is generally good for the physical and mental health of the general population. This systematic review considers the association between employment and the health of people with intellectual disabilities.

Methods: Studies published from 1990 to 2018 were identified via electronic literature databases, email requests and cross-citations.

What do we know about the health and health care of people with intellectual disabilities from minority ethnic groups in the United Kingdom? A systematic review.

Background: People with from minority ethnic communities face inequalities in health and health care. This systematic review considers the question of what we know about the health and health care of children and adults with intellectual disabilities from ethnic minority communities in the UK.

Method: Studies published from 1990 to 2018 were identified via electronic literature databases, email requests and cross-citations.

Rad51/BRCA2 disruptors inhibit homologous recombination and synergize with olaparib in pancreatic cancer cells.

Olaparib is a PARP inhibitor (PARPi). For patients bearing BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, olaparib is approved to treat ovarian cancer and in clinical trials to treat breast and pancreatic cancers. In BRCA2-defective patients, PARPi inhibits DNA single-strand break repair, while BRCA2 mutations hamper double-strand break repair.

Sexual activity and sexual health among young adults with and without mild/moderate intellectual disability.

Background: There is widespread concern about the sexual 'vulnerability' of young people with intellectual disabilities, but little evidence relating to sexual activity and sexual health.

Method: This paper describes a secondary analysis of the nationally representative longitudinal Next Steps study (formerly the Longitudinal Survey of Young People in England), investigating sexual activity and sexual health amongst young people with mild/moderate intellectual disabilities. This analysis investigated family socio-economic position, young person socio-economic position, household composition, area deprivation, peer victimisation, friendships, sexual activity, unsafe sex, STIs, pregnancy outcomes and parenting.

The association between employment status and health among British adults with and without intellectual impairments: cross-sectional analyses of a cohort study.

Background: There exists a well established link between employment status and health, with unemployment being associated with poorer health. Much less is known about the association between economic inactivity and health, especially among people with disabilities. Our aim is to determine whether the association between employment status and health is similar for adults with and adults without intellectual impairment.

The association between non-standard employment, job insecurity and health among British adults with and without intellectual impairments: Cohort study.

We sought to investigate the association between employment conditions and health among working age British adults with and without intellectual impairments. Using data from the 1970 British Cohort Study, we undertook a series of cross sectional analyses of the association between employment conditions and health (self-reported general health, mental health) among British adults with and without intellectual impairments at ages 30, 34 and 42. Our results indicated that: (1) British adults with intellectual impairments were more likely than their peers to be exposed to non-standard employment conditions and experience job insecurity; (2) in both groups exposure was typically associated with poorer health; (3) British adults with intellectual impairments in non-standard employment conditions were more likely than their peers to transition to economic inactivity; (4) among both groups, transitioning into employment was associated with positive health status and transitioning out of employment was associated with poorer health status.

α-Amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde Decarboxylase (ACMSD) Inhibitors as Novel Modulators of De Novo Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) Biosynthesis.

NAD has a central function in linking cellular metabolism to major cell-signaling and gene-regulation pathways. Defects in NAD homeostasis underpin a wide range of diseases, including cancer, metabolic disorders, and aging. Although the beneficial effects of boosting NAD on mitochondrial fitness, metabolism, and lifespan are well established, to date, no therapeutic enhancers of de novo NAD biosynthesis have been reported.

Prevalence of Dysphagia in People With Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review.

Dysphagia (feeding and swallowing disorder) is associated with serious health complications and psychosocial sequelae. This review summarizes international research relating to the prevalence of dysphagia in people with intellectual disability. Studies published from 1990 to July 2016 were identified using Medline, Cinahl, PsycINFO, Web of Science, email requests, and cross-citations.

Self-Reported Participation in Sport/Exercise Among Adolescents and Young Adults With and Without Mild to Moderate Intellectual Disability.

Background: Physical inactivity is a leading risk factor for mortality. Adults with intellectual disability are extremely inactive, but less is known about physical activity levels in children and youth with intellectual disability. This paper examines the participation by adolescents and young adults with and without mild to moderate intellectual disability in sport/exercise.

The mental health of adolescents with and without mild/moderate intellectual disabilities in England: Secondary analysis of a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Children with mild/moderate intellectual disabilities are at greater risk for mental health problems, with socio-economic factors and adversity partly accounting for this. Fewer data are available for adolescents.

Methods: Secondary analysis was undertaken of the Next Steps annual panel study following a cohort through adolescence into adulthood containing self-report mental health data up to age 16/17.

Constipation management in people with intellectual disability: A systematic review.

Background: Constipation can lead to serious health issues and death. This systematic review summarizes international research pertaining to the management of constipation in people with intellectual disability.

Method: Studies published from 1990 to 2017 were identified using Medline, Cinahl, PsycINFO, Web of Science, email requests and cross-citations.

Synthetic Lethality Triggered by Combining Olaparib with BRCA2-Rad51 Disruptors.

In BRCA2-defective cells, poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase inhibitors can trigger synthetic lethality, as two independent DNA-repairing mechanisms are simultaneously impaired. Here, we have pharmacologically induced synthetic lethality, which was triggered by combining two different small organic molecules. When administered with a BRCA2-Rad51 disruptor in nonmutant cells, Olaparib showed anticancer activity comparable to that shown when administered alone in BRCA2-defective cells.

People with intellectual disabilities and dysphagia.

Purpose: Dysphagia (difficulties in eating, drinking or swallowing) is associated with serious health complications and psychosocial sequelae. This review aims to summarise the state of the evidence regarding dysphagia in people with intellectual disabilities (excluding prevalence), identify gaps in the evidence base and highlight future research priorities.

Method: Studies published from 1 January 1990 to 19 July 2016 were identified using Medline, Cinahl, PsycINFO, Web of Science, email requests and cross citations.

Postural care for people with intellectual disabilities and severely impaired motor function: A scoping review.

Background: Poor postural care can have severe and life-threatening complications. This scoping review aims to map and summarize existing evidence regarding postural care for people with intellectual disabilities and severely impaired motor function.

Method: Studies were identified via electronic database searches (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Web of Science) covering January 1990 to March 2016, and email requests to researcher networks.

Obesity in British children with and without intellectual disability: cohort study.

Background: Reducing the prevalence of and inequities in the distribution of child obesity will require developing interventions that are sensitive to the situation of 'high risk' groups of children. Children with intellectual disability appear to be one such group. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of obesity in children with and without intellectual disability in a longitudinal representative sample of British children and identify risk factors associated with obesity at age 11.

The physical health of British adults with intellectual disability: cross sectional study.

Background: Adults with intellectual disability have poorer health than their non-disabled peers. However, little is known about the health of the 'hidden majority' of adults with primarily mild intellectual disability who do not use intellectual disability services. The aims of the present study were: to estimate the physical health status of a population-based sample of British adults with and without mild intellectual disability while controlling for any potentially confounding effects resulting from between-group differences in gender, age, socio-economic disadvantage and neighborhood social capital.