Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity Is Associated With a Higher Risk of Dementia in the Health and Retirement Study.

Background: In this paper, we use the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to examine the relationship between an estimated measure of pulse wave velocity (ePWV) and cognitive impairment with no dementia and dementia, respectively.

Methods: We modeled the relationship between ePWV and cognitive status in 2006/2008 using data from 8,492 men and women (mean age 68.6 years) controlling for age, blood pressure, sociodemographic, and socioeconomic characteristics (sex, race and ethnicity, education, income, wealth), health behaviors (smoking and physical activity), body mass index (BMI), health status and related medication use (history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and stroke), and cerebrovascular disease (CVD)-related biomarkers (C-reactive protein, cystatin-C, hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol).

Socioeconomic Determinants of Anticipated and Actual Caregiving for Older Adults in India.

This study investigates adult children's informal caregiving for, and living arrangements with, older parents in urban India. We differentiated between anticipated caregiving, for respondents whose parents and parents-in-law do not currently need care, and actual caregiving, for respondents who have at least one parent or parent-in-law with care needs. The results based on the 2011 Osaka University Preference Parameters Study reveal different antecedents of anticipated and actual care.

Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity and All-Cause Mortality: Findings From the Health and Retirement Study.

Background And Objectives: The gold standard method for the assessment of vascular aging is carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). cfPWV can be estimated from 2 commonly assessed clinical variables-age and blood pressure. This analysis uses data from the Health and Retirement Study to examine the relationship between estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) and mortality among 9,293 middle age and older adults.

Racial-ethnic inequities in age at death among adults with/without intellectual and developmental disability in the United States.

To identify potential differences in racial-ethnic inequities in mortality between adults with/without intellectual and developmental disability, we compared patterns in age at death by race-ethnic status among adults who did/did not have intellectual and developmental disability reported on their death certificate in the United States. Data were from the 2005-2017 U.S.

Evidence of continued reduction in the age-at-death disparity between adults with and without intellectual and/or developmental disabilities.

Background: This study examines recent trends in the age-at-death disparity between adults with and without intellectual and/or developmental disabilities in the United States.

Method: Data were from the 2005-2017 U.S.

The Influence of Military Service Experiences on Current and Daily Drinking.

: An extensive public health literature associates military service with increased alcohol consumption and problematic drinking. However, few well-controlled population-based studies compare alcohol use among nonveterans and veterans with diverse military service experiences, and no such study examines everyday drinking. : We use population-representative data from the 2010 and 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and distinguish four groups of men: nonveterans; non-combat veterans without a psychiatric disorder (PD) or traumatic brain injury (TBI); combat veterans without a PD or TBI; and veterans (non-combat and combat combined) with a PD and/or TBI.

Psychological Adjustment of Aging Vietnam Veterans: The Role of Social Network Ties in Reengaging with Wartime Memories.

It is projected that by 2020 there will be 8.7 million veterans over the age of 65 years, more than half (64%) of whom served during the Vietnam War. The effects of military service on mental health and well-being may be more pronounced later in life among those who served in Vietnam than prior cohorts of veterans.

The Influence of Men's Military Service on Smoking Across the Life Course.

The military is described as a social context that contributes to the (re-)initiation or intensification of cigarette smoking. We draw on data from the 1985-2014 National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS) to conduct complementary sub-studies of the influence of military service on men's smoking outcomes across the life course. Descriptive findings from an age-period-cohort analysis of NSDUH data document higher probabilities of current smoking and heavy smoking among veteran men across a broad range of cohorts and at all observed ages.

The use of VA Disability Compensation and Social Security Disability Insurance among working-aged veterans.

Background: Although there is substantial disability among veterans, relatively little is known about working-aged veterans' uptake of Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Disability Compensation and Social Security Disability Insurance (DI).

Objectives: This study identifies levels of veteran participation in VA disability and/or DI benefit programs, examines transitions into and out of VA and DI programs among veterans, and estimates the size and composition of the veteran population receiving VA and/or DI benefits over time.

Methods: Data from the 1992, 1993, 1996, 2001, 2004, and 2008 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) are used to describe VA and DI program participation among veterans under the age of 65.

Economic well-being among older-adult households: variation by veteran and disability status.

This analysis uses data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) to examine whether veteran and disability statuses are jointly associated with poverty and material hardship among households that include an older adult. Compared to households that do not include a person with a disability or veteran, disabled nonveteran households are more likely to be in poverty and to experience home hardship, medical hardship, and bill-paying hardship. Disabled veteran households are not significantly different in terms of poverty, but exhibit the highest odds of home hardship, medical hardship, bill-paying hardship, and food insufficiency.

Veteran status and paid sex among American men: results from three national surveys.

Surprisingly little population-based, social scientific research directly examines the association between veteran status and ever paying for sex although there are theoretical reasons to expect that such an association might emerge across the life course. In this article, we examined the relationship between veteran status and ever paying for sex among American men who turned 18 years old between 1922 and 2010 using data from three independent national samples: Wave 1 of the 2005-2006 National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP); the 1992 National Health and Social Life Survey (NHSLS); and pooled data from the 1991, 1993, 1994, and 2010 General Social Survey (GSS). In all three datasets, we found that veterans were significantly more likely than non-veterans to report ever having paid for sex: rates across the three sub-studies ranged from 10.

Veteran status and men's later-life cognitive trajectories: evidence from the health and retirement study.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the extent to which men's later-life cognitive trajectories vary by veteran status.

Method: We use Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data to estimate growth curve models examining men's later-life cognitive trajectories by veteran status, war service status, and period of service. Analyses control for early-life characteristics that influence selection into military service and later-life cognition, and mid- to late-life characteristics that potentially mediate the relationship between military service and later-life cognition.

The effects of the military's antidrug policies over the life course: the case of past-year hallucinogen use.

We analyze long-term trends in past-year hallucinogen use among veterans as compared to nonveterans. This topic is theoretically strategic because the military adopted stringent and successful antidrug policies in the mid-1980s, which serves as a natural experiment to examine the potential long-term impact of comprehensive drug policies on illegal drug use. Drawing on self-reported data from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health in years 1985, 1988, and 1990-2010, the analysis uses age-period-cohort analysis to update trends in past-year hallucinogen use and to examine the impact of veteran status.

Military service and men's health trajectories in later life.

Objectives: This study examines differences in the relationship between veteran status and men's trajectories of health conditions, activities of daily living limitations, and self-rated health.

Methods: We use data on 12,631 men drawn from the 1992-2006 waves of the Health and Retirement Study to estimate growth curve models that examine differences in health trajectories between nonveterans and veterans, veterans with and without wartime service, and war service veterans who served during World War II, Korea, Vietnam, and multiple wars.

Results: The results indicate that veterans have better health at the mean age of 66.

Health trajectories among older movers.

Objective: To examine health trajectories among older migrants by reason for move.

Method: Data from the 1992 to 2006 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) are used to model trajectories of self-rated health and activity of daily living (ADL) limitations that occurred prior seven types of moves.

Results: There are substantial differences across the reason-for-move groups in initial levels of self-rated health.

The effects of residential mobility on ADL and IADL limitations among the very old living in the community.

Objectives: We attempt to understand the influence of residential mobility on changes in objective activity of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) limitations, while taking into account the subjective reason for the move.

Methods: We examine noninstitutionalized adults aged 70 and older who are in the Longitudinal Study of Aging. We use bivariate regression to identify differences between nonmovers and various types of movers in 1988 and 1990 ADL and IADL limitations.

Immigrant status, living arrangements, and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults.

Objectives: This research draws from social integration theory to explain the relationship between living arrangements and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults. Particular attention is given to identifying differences between nonimmigrants and immigrants.

Methods: The data come from the baseline and first 2-year follow-up of the Health and Retirement Study, which were collected in 1992 and 1994.