Patient information leaflets and package inserts of ibuprofen provided in the UK and Thailand: a comparative assessment.

Objectives: Written medicine information (WMI) is important for ensuring patients understand and use their medicines optimally, but relatively little research has assessed the quality of available WMI. This study assessed the quality of WMI using a sample of leaflets for ibuprofen in the UK and Thailand.

Methods: Leaflets were obtained by purchasing a product from retail outlets or community pharmacies, 18 from each country.

Patients' Experiences and Preferences for Medicine Information: An International Comparison Between Malaysia, Thailand, Uganda, and England.

Background: Verbal and written medicine information are available to the public but the quality, ease of access, ease of understanding and use of these resources varies greatly between countries. Timely access to quality medicine information is essential to support patient safety.

Objective: This international cross-sectional survey, conducted in low-to high-income countries, aimed to compare experiences of and preferences for medicine information sources among respondents with recent medicine use.

The NHS Health Check programme: a survey of programme delivery in England before and after the Covid-19 pandemic response.

Background: This study investigated NHS Health Check programme delivery before and after the Covid-19 pandemic response, with a focus on support services and referral methods available to Health Check attendees. The NHS Health Check is an important part of England's Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) prevention programme.

Methods: Public health commissioners from all 151 local authorities responsible for commissioning the NHS Health Check programme were surveyed in 2021, using an online questionnaire to capture detail about programme delivery, changes in delivery because of the pandemic response, and monitoring of programme outcomes.

What happens after an NHS Health Check? A survey and realist review.

Background: The National Health Service Health Check in England aims to provide adults aged 40 to 74 with an assessment of their risk of developing cardiovascular disease and to offer advice to help manage and reduce this risk. The programme is commissioned by local authorities and delivered by a range of providers in different settings, although primarily in general practices. This project focused on variation in the advice, onward referrals and prescriptions offered to attendees following their health check.

Assessing medication-related burden of community-dwelling individuals with chronic conditions in a small island state.

Objectives: Medication taking in the management of chronic conditions causes a significant burden on individuals. The aim of this study was to explore the medication-related burden in ambulatory adult patients with chronic conditions in Malta.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey utilising the living with medicines questionnaire V3 (LMQ V3) was conducted in Maltese residents over the age of 18 years, taking at least 1 medication for a chronic condition and recruited through community events.

Evaluation of Medicine Information Leaflets for Omeprazole, Safety Knowledge, and Perceptions of Taking the Medication in Thailand.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare package inserts and patient information leaflets for omeprazole in terms of the quality of and satisfaction with the written medicine information, medication safety knowledge, and perceived benefits and risks.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional, comparative study was conducted at a university hospital in Thailand. Outpatients visiting the pharmacy departments prescribed omeprazole were randomly selected to receive either a package insert or a patient information leaflet.

Understanding what happens to attendees after an NHS Health Check: a realist review.

Objectives: The NHS Health Check offers adults aged 40-74 an assessment of their risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Attendees should be offered appropriate clinical or behavioural interventions to help them to manage or reduce these risks. This project focused on understanding variation in the advice and support offered to Health Check attendees.

Optimising a person-centred approach to stopping medicines in older people with multimorbidity and polypharmacy using the DExTruS framework: a realist review.

Background: Tackling problematic polypharmacy requires tailoring the use of medicines to individual circumstances and may involve the process of deprescribing. Deprescribing can cause anxiety and concern for clinicians and patients. Tailoring medication decisions often entails beyond protocol decision-making, a complex process involving emotional and cognitive work for healthcare professionals and patients.

Deprescribing medicines in older people living with multimorbidity and polypharmacy: the TAILOR evidence synthesis.

Background: Tackling problematic polypharmacy requires tailoring the use of medicines to individual needs and circumstances. This may involve stopping medicines (deprescribing) but patients and clinicians report uncertainty on how best to do this. The TAILOR medication synthesis sought to help understand how best to support deprescribing in older people living with multimorbidity and polypharmacy.

Thai Patients' Drug Safety Knowledge and Perceptions Relating to Different Forms of Written Medicine Information: A Comparative Study.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the medication safety knowledge, quality of the written medicine information (WMI), and perceptions of taking the medicines in patients receiving package inserts (PIs) in comparison with patient information leaflets (PILs).

Methods: A cross-sectional, comparative study was conducted from December 2020 to May 2021 at two university hospitals in Thailand. Outpatients who visited the pharmacy departments and were prescribed one of the three medicines: atorvastatin, celecoxib, or metformin were randomly selected by a permuted block randomization.

Identifying and managing adverse drug reactions: Qualitative analysis of patient reports to the UK yellow card scheme.

Introduction: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can have significant negative impact on peoples' daily lives, with physical, economic, social and/or psychological effects. Patient reporting of ADRs has been facilitated by pharmacovigilance systems across Europe. However, capturing data on patients' experiences of ADRs has proved challenging.

The Effectiveness and Value of Written Medicine Information Across Asia and Africa: Systematic Review.

Reviews on the role, value, effectiveness and desirable content of written medicine information (WMI) mostly include studies from high-income countries. We reviewed studies from Africa and Asia published between January 2004 and December 2019 to determine (1) the effect of WMI on knowledge and behaviour and (2) whether patients value WMI and their preferences for WMI. We included 16 intervention studies involving almost 3500 participants and 27 surveys of patients/public totalling over 11,000 people.

Development and psychometric validation for evaluating written medicine information in Thailand: The Consumer Information Rating Form.

Objective: To translate and validate the consumer information rating form (CIRF) for use in Thai populations.

Design: The development of the CIRF was carried out in two phases: translation process and cognitive interview, and psychometric testing.

Setting: A university hospital and a tertiary hospital in northeast Thailand.

NHS Health Check programme: a protocol for a realist review.

Introduction: The NHS Health Check aims to identify individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) among the adult population in England. The Health Check includes calculation of CVD risk and discussion of pharmacological and lifestyle approaches to manage risk, including referral to lifestyle support services. The programme is commissioned by Local Authorities (LAs) and is delivered by a range of different providers in different settings.

Patients' Experiences and Perspectives of Receiving Written Medicine Information About Medicines: A Qualitative Study.

Purpose: Written medicine information informs patients about the benefits and risks of medicines and supports their safe and effective use. In Thailand, patient information leaflets (PILs) are not obligatory and therefore not routinely supplied. This study aimed to explore the experiences and information needs of patients, their views on PILs and the likely impact of PILs on their knowledge, perceptions and behaviors towards medicines.

Provision and Need for Medicine Information in Asia and Africa: A Scoping Review of the Literature.

Published reviews of written medicine information (WMI) have mainly drawn on studies published in high-income countries, including very few Asian or African studies. We therefore set out to scope the research literature to determine the extent and type of studies concerning WMI for patients/consumers across these two continents. We sought empirical studies published between January 2004 and December 2019, conducted in any Asian or African country, as defined by the United Nations, in English or with an English abstract.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Reliability Testing of Chinese Version of the Living with Medicines Questionnaire in Elderly Patients with Chronic Diseases.

Background: The Living with Medicines Questionnaire (LMQ-3) is a reliable, valid instrument used to assess the medication-related burden of patients with chronic disease using long-term medication, but it has not been used in China.

Purpose: To translate and cross-culturally adapt the LMQ-3 into Chinese and assess its reliability and validity among elderly patients with chronic disease.

Methods: After translation and back-translation, views from an expert group and cognitive interviews with elderly persons using multiple medicines were used to ensure the cultural relevance of the LMQ-3.

Experiences and Views of Medicine Information Among the General Public in Thailand.

Purpose: Written and electronic medicine information are important for improving patient knowledge and safe use of medicines. Written medicine information in Thailand is mostly in the form of printed package inserts (PIs), designed for health professionals, with few medicines having patient information leaflets (PILs). The aim of this study was to determine practices, needs and expectations of Thai general public about written and electronic medicine information and attitudes towards PILs.

Exploring Medicines Burden Among Adults in New Zealand: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: Using medicines regularly can be a burden for some people and can contribute to reduced adherence. In New Zealand, relatively few studies have examined people's medicine-taking experiences and most involved older people, although medicine burden is also an issue for younger people. The UK-developed "Living with Medicines Questionnaire" (LMQ-3) is an instrument designed to quantify medicine burden.

Use of information sources regarding medicine side effects among the general population: a cross-sectional survey.

Aim: To determine the use and perceived value of different information sources that patients may use to support identification of medicine side effects; to explore associations between coping styles and use of information sources.

Background: Side effects from medicines can have considerable negative impact on peoples' daily lives. As a result of an ageing UK population and attendant multi-morbidity, an increasing number of medicines are being prescribed for patients, leading to increased risk of unintended side effects.

Making medicines safer: analysis of patient reports to the UK's Yellow Card Scheme.

: No studies describing UK patient Yellow Card reports have been published since the evaluation of the first two years of direct patient reporting (2005-7), when 5,180 reports were analyzed.: Patient Yellow Card reports submitted July-December 2015 for vaccines and other drugs were analyzed. Comparisons to the initial evaluation were made of: reporting method, number of suspect drugs, proportion classed as serious.

Development and preliminary validation of an instrument to enable laypersons to assess suspected side effects from medicines.

Purpose: Research into causality assessment tools enabling patients to assess suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is limited. Supporting patients with tools could improve their confidence in discussions with health professionals and encourage reporting of suspected ADRs to regulators. This study describes development and preliminary validation of an instrument: Side Effect Patient ASsessment Tool (SE-PAST).