Higher neighborhood disadvantage is associated with weaker interactions among cardiometabolic drivers.

Background: Adiposity, dysglycemia, and hypertension are metabolic drivers that have causal interactions with each other. However, the effect of neighborhood-level disadvantage on the intensity of interactions among these metabolic drivers has not been studied. The objective of this study is to determine whether the strength of the interplay between these drivers is affected by neighborhood-level disadvantage.

Corrigendum: How Russia's war in Ukraine can change gender studies.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2023.

How Russia's war in Ukraine can change gender studies.

The catastrophe of Russia's war in Ukraine following on the heels of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Black Lives Matter-inspired protests raises the possibility of marked changes in people's gendered experiences in Central-Eastern Europe and Eurasia (CEE&E). Drawing upon recent discussions, events, and publications-with particular attention to Ukrainian voices and reflexivity as to my position as a US-based political scientist mostly trained on Russia-I suggest ways that these developments have begun to, can, and should change gender studies. I raise three questions: (1) Does CEE&E still constitute a meaningful geopolitical context-or region-for understanding gender? (2) Who should have authority to speak about gender in CEE&E? and (3) Have the possibilities for solidarities among feminist activists across CEE&E and beyond CEE&E increased or decreased, and why? Considering these questions, I argue that there is still much to be gained from studying gender in CEE&E as a field if we incorporate intersectional and decolonial lenses and especially if we can keep pushing ourselves through the scholarly debates that have constituted the field.

Perceptions of access to long-acting reversible contraception removal among women in Burkina Faso.

Objectives: Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) initiation has been well-studied and intervened upon. Because LARC requires provider intervention for initiation and removal, it is critical to measure informed choice at the time of desired discontinuation as well. We examined perceptions of access to LARC discontinuation among women at two sites in Burkina Faso, where LARC is the dominant method in the contraceptive mix.

Ascertaining Whether an Intelligent Voice Assistant Can Meet Older Adults' Health-Related Needs in the Context of a Geriatrics 5Ms Framework.

Unlabelled: The Geriatrics 5Ms: Medications, Mind, Mobility, what Matters most and Multicomplexity is a framework to address the complex needs of older adults. Intelligent Voice Assistants (IVAs) are increasingly popular and have potential to support health-related needs of older adults. We utilized previously collected qualitative data on older adults' views of how an IVA may address their health-related needs and ascertained their fit into the Geriatrics 5Ms framework.

Mixed reality surgical mentoring of combat casualty care related procedures in a perfused cadaver model: Initial results of a randomized feasibility study.

Background: Most telemedicine modalities have limited ability to enhance procedural and operative care. We developed a novel system to provide synchronous bidirectional expert mixed reality-enabled virtual procedural mentoring. In this feasibility study, we evaluated mixed reality mentoring of combat casualty care related procedures in a re-perfused cadaver model.

Understanding Barriers and Design Opportunities to Improve Healthcare and QOL for Older Adults through Voice Assistants.

Voice-based Intelligent Virtual Assistants (IVAs) promise to improve healthcare management and Quality of Life (QOL) by introducing the paradigm of hands-free and eye-free interactions. However, there has been little understanding regarding the challenges for designing such systems for older adults, especially when it comes to healthcare related tasks. To tackle this, we consider the processes of care delivery and QOL enhancements for older adults as a collaborative task between patients and providers.

Pediatric nurse practitioner's perceived organizational support in academic and nonacademic institutions.

Background: The role of the pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP) has changed since its inception over 50 years ago. Pediatric nurse practitioner practice has evolved from providing outpatient primary care to children to providing complex care in the acute practice environment.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe whether a difference existed in perceptions of organizational support (POS) of PNPs working in academic and nonacademic institutions and to describe the differences between PNP reporting structures and POS.

A Phase II Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Efficacy and Safety Study of SPN-812 (Extended-Release Viloxazine) in Children With ADHD.

The objective of this study is to evaluate efficacy and safety of SPN-812 (extended-release viloxazine) for ADHD in children aged 6 to 12 years. In an 8-week study, 222 participants were randomized to placebo or SPN-812 100, 200, 300, or 400 mg/day. Measurements included ADHD Rating Scale (RS)-IV total score and Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) and Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) scores.

Teen Dating Violence Prevention: Cluster-Randomized Trial of , an Online, Stage-Based Program for Healthy, Nonviolent Relationships.

Objective: Teen dating violence is a serious public health problem. A cluster-randomized trial was conducted to assess the efficacy of , a 3-session online program that delivers assessments and individualized guidance matched to dating history, dating violence experiences, and stage of readiness for using healthy relationship skills. For high risk victims of dating violence, the program addresses readiness to keep oneself safe in relationships.

, an Online Stage-Based Program for Healthy, Nonviolent Relationships: Development and Feasibility Trial.

This paper describes the theoretical foundation, development, and feasibility testing of an online, evidence-based intervention for teen dating violence prevention designed for dissemination. relies on the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change and expert system technology to deliver assessments and feedback matched to stage of change for using healthy relationship skills. The program also tailors feedback to dating status, risk level, and other key characteristics.

Practice patterns and organizational commitment of inpatient nurse practitioners.

Purpose: Nurse practitioners (NPs) deliver a wide array of healthcare services in a variety of settings. The purpose of this study was to examine the practice patterns and organizational commitment of inpatient NPs.

Methods: A quantitative design was used with a convenience sample (n = 183) of NPs who attended the American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP) national conference.

Teaching Cultural Competence to Psychiatry Residents: Seven Core Concepts and Their Implications for Therapeutic Technique.

The authors describe the Tulane Model for teaching cultural competence to psychiatry residents in order to outline an innovative approach to curricula development in academic psychiatry. The authors focus on the didactic experience that takes place during the first and second postgraduate years and present seven core concepts that should inform the emerging clinician's thinking in the formulation of every clinical case. The authors discuss the correspondence between each core concept and the Outline for Cultural Formulation, introduced in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV and updated in DSM-5.

Implementation and evaluation of a rapid access palliative clinic in a New Zealand cancer centre.

Introduction: Palliative patients with metastatic bone pain endure long waiting times and multiple visits to radiation therapy departments for treatment. This can prolong suffering and may be a factor in patients consenting for treatment. Rapid Access Palliative Clinics (RAPC) have been established around the world to provide a multidisciplinary approach to consultation, simulation and treatment on the same day.

A practical application of Katharine Kolcaba's comfort theory to cardiac patients.

Nursing approaches to care as based on Katharine Kolcaba's (2003) middle range nursing theory of comfort are discussed in reference to patients' suffering from symptoms related to the discomfort from cardiac syndromes. The specific intervention of "quiet time" is described for its potential use within this population as a comfort measure that addresses Kolcaba's four contexts of comfort: physical, psychospiritual, environmental and sociocultural. Without realizing it, many nurses may practice within Kolcaba's theoretical framework to promote patient comfort.

Advancing bodies of evidence for population-based health promotion programs: randomized controlled trials and case studies.

This study provides a demonstration of how published intervention outcomes can be used to create benchmarks for wellness programs for comparison of a case study. Case study results can then be applied by decision makers to adopt and evaluate the relative effectiveness of wellness programs. This case study assessed outcomes from Transtheoretical Model (TTM) computer-tailored interventions (CTIs) on 6 behaviors over a 5-year period.

Computer-Tailored Intervention for Juvenile Offenders.

Studies assessing the efficacy of juvenile justice interventions show small effects on recidivism and other outcomes. This paper describes the development of a prototype of a multimedia computer-tailored intervention ("Rise Above Your Situation"or RAYS) that relies on an evidence-based model of behavior change, the Transtheoretical Model, and expert system technology to deliver assessments, feedback, printed reports, and counselor reports with intervention ideas. In a feasibility test involving 60 system-involved youths and their counselors, evaluations of the program were favorable: 91.

Results of a transtheoretical model-based alcohol, tobacco and other drug intervention in middle schools.

Background: Early use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs threatens the physical and mental well-being of students and continued use negatively affects many areas of development. An internet-based, tailored intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change was delivered to middle school students to reduce alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use. This internet-based approach requires very little faculty and staff time, which is efficient given curricular demands.

Enhancing multiple domains of well-being by decreasing multiple health risk behaviors: a randomized clinical trial.

Tailored behavior change programs have proven effective at decreasing health risk factors, but the impact of such programs on participant well-being has not been tested. This randomized trial evaluated the impact of tailored telephone coaching and Internet interventions on health risk behaviors and individual well-being. Exercise and stress management were the primary health risks of interest; improvements in other health risk behaviors were secondary outcomes.

Alzheimer's disease and age-related macular degeneration have different genetic models for complement gene variation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are both neurodegenerative disorders which share common pathological and biochemical features of the complement pathway. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between well replicated AMD genetic risk factors and AD. A large cohort of AD (n = 3898) patients and controls were genotyped for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the complement factor H (CFH), the Age-related maculopathy susceptibility protein 2 (ARMS2) the complement component 2 (C2), the complement factor B (CFB), and the complement component 3 (C3) genes.

The well-being assessment for productivity: a well-being approach to presenteeism.

Objective: To develop a presenteeism assessment, the Well-Being Assessment for Productivity (WBA-P), that provides an informative evaluation of job performance loss due to well-being related barriers.

Method: The WBA-P was developed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis using survey data from 1827 employed individuals. Evidence of criterion-related validity was established using multivariate analysis of variance across measures of health and well-being.

Results of a multi-media multiple behavior obesity prevention program for adolescents.

Background: This study reports on effectiveness trial outcomes of Health in Motion, a computer tailored multiple behavior intervention for adolescents.

Methods: Using school as level of assignment, students (n=1800) from eight high schools in four states (RI, TN, MA, and NY) were stratified and randomly assigned to no treatment or a multi-media intervention for physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and limited TV viewing between 2006 and 2007.

Results: Intervention effects on continuous outcomes, on movement to action and maintenance stages, and on stability within action and maintenance stages were evaluated using random effects modeling.

Theory Testing Using Quantitative Predictions of Effect Size.

Traditional Null Hypothesis Testing procedures are poorly adapted to theory testing. The methodology can mislead researchers in several ways, including: (a) a lack of power can result in an erroneous rejection of the theory; (b) the focus on directionality (ordinal tests) rather than more precise quantitative predictions limits the information gained; and (c) the misuse of probability values to indicate effect size. An alternative approach is proposed which involves employing the theory to generate explicit effect size predictions that are compared to the effect size estimates and related confidence intervals to test the theoretical predictions.

Transtheoretical model-based multiple behavior intervention for weight management: effectiveness on a population basis.

Background: The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity underscores the need for evidence-based, easily disseminable interventions for weight management that can be delivered on a population basis. The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) offers a promising theoretical framework for multiple behavior weight management interventions.

Methods: Overweight or obese adults (BMI 25-39.