Attachment and borderline personality disorder as the dance unfolds: A quantitative analysis of a novel paradigm.

Current research on personality disorders strives to identify key behavioural and cognitive facets of patient functioning, to unravel the underlying root causes and maintenance mechanisms. This process often involves the application of social paradigms - however, these often only include momentary affective depictions rather than unfolding interactions. This constitutes a limitation in our capacity to probe core symptoms, and leaves potential findings uncovered which could help those who are in close relationships with affected individuals.

A machine-learning approach for differentiating borderline personality disorder from community participants with brain-wide functional connectivity.

Background: Functional connectivity has garnered interest as a potential biomarker of psychiatric disorders including borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, small sample sizes and lack of within-study replications have led to divergent findings with no clear spatial foci.

Aims: Evaluate discriminative performance and generalizability of functional connectivity markers for BPD.

Impaired mentalizing in depression and the effects of borderline personality disorder on this relationship.

Background: Mentalizing, the ability to understand the self and others as well as behaviour in terms of intentional mental states, is impaired in Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Evidence for mentalizing deficits in other mental disorders, such as depression, is less robust and these links have never been explored while accounting for the effects of BPD on mentalizing. Additionally, it is unknown whether BPD symptoms might moderate any relationship between depressive symptoms and mentalizing.

Probing commitment in individuals with borderline personality disorder.

Interpersonal problems are a core symptom of borderline personality disorder (BPD). In particular, patients with BPD exhibit a heightened sensitivity to cues of acceptance or rejection in their relationships. The current study investigated the psychological processes underpinning this heightened responsiveness.

Multidirectional Pathways between Attachment, Mentalizing, and Posttraumatic Stress Symptomatology in the Context of Childhood Trauma.

Introduction: Exposure to traumatic stressful events in childhood is an important risk factor for the development of posttraumatic symptomatology. From a mentalization-based developmental perspective, childhood adversity can affect attachment in children and may result in insecure attachment and impaired mentalizing abilities, which increase the lifetime risk for psychopathology. The present cross-sectional study examined the potential mediating role of attachment insecurity and impaired mentalizing on the relationship between childhood trauma and posttraumatic symptomatology.

The development and theoretical application of an implementation framework for dialectical behaviour therapy: a critical literature review.

Background: Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) is a third wave behaviour therapy combining behaviour based components with elements of mindfulness. Although DBT effectiveness has been explored, relatively little attention has been given to its implementation. Frameworks are often the basis for gathering information about implementation and can also direct how the implementation of an intervention is conducted.

Abuse, invalidation, and lack of early warmth show distinct relationships with self-criticism, self-compassion, and fear of self-compassion in personality disorder.

Background: Cultivating self-compassion is increasingly recognized as a powerful method to regulate hyperactive threat processes such as shame and self-criticism, but fear of self-compassion (FSC) can inhibit this. These difficulties are underexplored in personality disorder (PD) despite their prevalence. Furthermore, little evidence exists regarding how these factors relate to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and attachment.

Inhibitors and facilitators of compassion-focused imagery in personality disorder.

Background: Compassion-focused therapy (CFT) has potential to benefit clients with a personality disorder (PD), given the inflated levels of shame and self-criticism in this population. However, clinical observation indicates that clients with PD may find techniques from this approach challenging.

Aims: The aim of this study is to trial one aspect of CFT, compassion-focused imagery (CFI), with this population, and identify factors that predict clients' ability to generate CFI and experience self-compassion during the task, including type of CFI exercise and, second, to establish whether CFI outcomes increase with practice.

Mechanisms of change in dialectical behaviour therapy and cognitive behaviour therapy for borderline personality disorder: a critical review of the literature.

: Little is known about the "active ingredients" of psychological therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) despite a growing evidence base documenting its clinical effectiveness. This information can be used by clinicians to inform service planning and care pathways.: The aim of this study was to review published empirical research investigating the potential mechanisms underlying therapeutic change in Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) for BPD.

Offenders With Antisocial Personality Disorder Display More Impairments in Mentalizing.

This study was designed to test the hypothesis that individuals with antisocial, particularly violent, histories of offending behavior have specific problems in social cognition, notably in relation to accurately envisioning mental states. Eighty-three male offenders on community license, 65% of whom met the threshold for antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), completed a battery of computerized mentalizing tests requiring perspective taking (Perspectives Taking Test), mental state recognition from facial expression (Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test), and identification of mental states in the context of social interaction (Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition). The results were compared with a partially matched sample of 42 nonoffending controls.

A real-world study of the effectiveness of DBT in the UK National Health Service.

Objectives: Dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) has gained widespread popularity as a treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD), and its efficacy has been demonstrated in several trials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of DBT delivered by staff with a level of training readily achievable in National Health Service care settings for individuals with a Cluster B personality disorder.

Design: Randomized control trial methodology was used to compare DBT to treatment as usual (TAU).

The long-term impact of war experiences and evacuation on people who were children during World War Two.

During World War Two 1.9 million people were evacuated from British cities where the risk of bombing was perceived to be highest. 1.

Allocentric versus egocentric spatial memory after unilateral temporal lobectomy in humans.

Thirty patients who had undergone either a right or left unilateral temporal lobectomy (14 RTL; 16 LTL) and 16 control participants were tested on a computerized human analogue of the Morris Water Maze. The procedure was designed to compare allocentric and egocentric spatial memory. In the allocentric condition, participants searched for a target location on the screen, guided by object cues.