Weight status underestimation and weight management goals among adults in the rural South of the United States.

Purpose: To examine factors associated with weight status underestimation and the relationship between weight status underestimation and weight loss as a weight management goal among adults living in the rural South.

Methods: An anonymous survey was distributed at six primary care clinics and two churches in rural, South Carolina counties. Weight status underestimation was determined based on the difference between perceived weight status using standard body mass index (BMI) categories (underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese) and BMI category from self-reported height and weight.

Adult perceptions of mental health access barriers facing youth in rural Washington State: A group concept mapping study.

Purpose: To explore adult community members' perspectives concerning barriers to mental health care that confront rural-dwelling youth.

Methods: Group concept mapping, a participatory community-engaged research method, was used. Adult community members brainstormed and sorted statements describing barriers rural youth encounter in accessing mental health services.

Identifying Challenges and Solutions for Improving Access to Mental Health Services for Rural Youth: Insights from Adult Community Members.

Unlabelled: In the rural United States, provider shortages, inadequate insurance coverage, high poverty rates, limited transportation, privacy concerns, and stigma make accessing mental healthcare difficult. Innovative, localized strategies are needed to overcome these barriers, but little is known about what strategies may be feasible in, or acceptable to, rural communities. We aimed to identify barriers youth face in accessing mental healthcare in rural Washington State and to generate ideas to improve access.

How rural is All of Us? Comparing characteristics of rural participants in the National Institute of Health's All of Us Research Program to other national data sources.

Purpose: The National Institute of Health's All of Us Research Program represents a national effort to develop a database to advance health research, especially among individuals historically underrepresented in research, including rural populations. The purpose of this study was to describe the rural populations identified in the All of Us Research Program using the only proxy measure currently available in the dataset.

Methods: Currently, the All of Us Research Program provides a proxy measure of rurality that identifies participants who self-reported delaying care due to far travel distances associated with living in rural areas.

The four stages of neighborhood trust: Classic grounded theory.

Introduction: Neighborhoods are often overlooked as a determinant of health. Among recent research, the focus on "place-based effects," due to prolonged residential environmental exposure, has been of particular interest. These studies' purpose is to identify and examine how a healthy neighborhood is intentionally created to describe a transferable process-driven theory.

Identifying Common Data Elements to Achieve Injury-related Health Equity Across the Lifespan: A Consensus-Driven Approach.

Background: Limited availability and poor quality of data in medical records and trauma registries impede progress to achieve injury-related health equity across the lifespan.

Methods: We used a Nominal Group Technique (NGT) in-person workgroup and a national web-based Delphi process to identify common data elements (CDE) that should be collected.

Results: The 12 participants in the NGT workgroup and 23 participants in the national Delphi process identified 10 equity-related CDE and guiding lessons for research on collection of these data.

Using Photovoice to Explore Determinants of Health among Homeless and Unstably Housed Women.

The lived experiences of homeless and unstably housed women, including their health-related priorities, are understudied in smaller metropolitan and rural communities. In this study, we partnered with a day center for women who experience homelessness in Spokane, Washington. We used Photovoice, a community-based participatory action research method, to explore the health-related concerns, needs, and behavior of women who are homeless or unstably housed.

Overview of Occupational Injuries Among Registered Nurses in Washington State, 2007 to 2019.

Background: Registered nurses (RNs) represent the largest segment of the health care workforce and have unique job demands and occupational health considerations. The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence, cost, and causes of occupational injuries among RNs in Washington State and to quantify the cumulative cost and burden of each type of injury, relative to all injuries among RNs.

Methods: Annual injury claims data covered under Washington State workers' compensation (WC) fund were analyzed over a 13-year period (2007-2019).

Flexible Resources Key to Neighborhood Resilience for Children: A Scoping Review.

Neighborhoods have been the focus of health researchers seeking to develop upstream strategies to mitigate downstream disease development. In recent years, neighborhoods have become a primary target in efforts to promote health and resilience following deleterious social conditions such as the climate crisis, extreme weather events, the global pandemic, and supply chain disruptions. Children are often the most vulnerable populations after experiencing unexpected shocks.

Development and maturation of the occupational health services research field in the United States over the past 25 years: Challenges and opportunities for the future.

Work is an important social determinant of health; unfortunately, work-related injuries remain prevalent, can have devastating impact on worker health, and can impose heavy economic burdens on workers and society. Occupational health services research (OHSR) underpins occupational health services policy and practice, focusing on health determinants, health services, healthcare delivery, and health systems affecting workers. The field of OHSR has undergone tremendous expansion in both definition and scope over the past 25 years.

Language access research for community health: provider perspectives on language access techniques and the role of communication technology.

Background: In the United States, 66 million people speak a language other than English at home. Patients with diverse language needs often face significant health disparities. Information and communication technologies have expanded the realm of modalities for patient-provider communication.

Compassion and Trauma: Occupational Health Experiences of Certified Medical Interpreters in Five U.S. States.

Medical interpreters play a vital role in fostering understanding and ensuring safety and transparency in healthcare for patients with non-English language preference. Limited research describes work-related experiences of medical interpreters. The purpose of this research was to explore perceptions of occupational health and safety among medical interpreters.

Effect of RISE Bundle implementation on school adoption of a student-centered return-to-learn program in Washington state.

Background: Appropriate concussion care in school is vital for full recovery, but school return-to-learn (RTL) programs are lacking and vary in quality. Establishing student-centered RTL programs may reduce disparities in RTL care.

Objective: To examine the effect of RISE Bundle (Return to Learn Implementation Bundle for Schools) implementation on high school adoption of a student-centered RTL program.

Instrument Evaluation: Attitudes Toward Older Adults and Intent to Work in Geriatrics.

Despite the increasing demand for nurses in geriatrics, interest lags in working with older adults. The Carolina Opinions on the Care of Older Adults instrument assesses attitudes toward older adults, with one subscale assessing intention to work with older adults. The instrument was used in a pretest/posttest study with prelicensure students enrolled in a gerontological nursing course.

How culturally unique are pandemic effects? Evaluating cultural similarities and differences in effects of age, biological sex, and political beliefs on COVID impacts.

Despite being bio-epidemiological phenomena, the causes and effects of pandemics are culturally influenced in ways that go beyond national boundaries. However, they are often studied in isolated pockets, and this fact makes it difficult to parse the unique influence of specific cultural psychologies. To help fill in this gap, the present study applies existing cultural theories linear mixed modeling to test the influence of unique cultural factors in a multi-national sample (that moves beyond Western nations) on the effects of age, biological sex, and political beliefs on pandemic outcomes that include adverse financial impacts, adverse resource impacts, adverse psychological impacts, and the health impacts of COVID.

Allostatic Load Measurement: A Systematic Review of Reviews, Database Inventory, and Considerations for Neighborhood Research.

Background: Neighborhoods are critical to understanding how environments influence health outcomes. Prolonged environmental stressors, such as a lack of green spaces and neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage, have been associated with higher allostatic load levels. Since allostatic load levels experienced earlier in life have stronger associations with mortality risk, neighborhoods may be uniquely suited to monitor and mitigate the impacts of environmental stressors.

Geographic Disparities in the Availability of Mental Health Services in U.S. Public Schools.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine geographic variation in the availability of and barriers to school-based mental health services.

Methods: A weighted, nationally representative sample of U.S.

Synthetic cannabinoid poisonings and access to the legal cannabis market: findings from US national poison centre data 2016-2019.

Aim: To investigate trends in synthetic cannabinoid exposures reported to United States (US) poison control centres, and their association with status of state cannabis legalisation.

Methods: A retrospective study of National Poison Data System (NPDS) data from 2016 to 2019 identified and associated synthetic poisoning reports with annual state cannabis law and market status. State status was categorised as restrictive (cannabis illegal or limited medical legalisation), medical (allowing THC-containing medical cannabis use) and permissive (allowing non-medical use of THC-containing cannabis by adults).

System- and Individual-Level Barriers to Accessing Medical Care Services Across the Rural-Urban Spectrum, Washington State.

Background: Residents of rural areas face barriers beyond geography and distance when accessing medical care services. The purpose of this study was to characterize medical care access barriers across several commonly used classifications of rurality.

Methods: Washington State household residents completed a mixed-mode (paper/online) health care access survey between June 2018 and December 2019 administered to a stratified random sample of ZIP codes classified as urban, suburban, large rural, and small rural (4-tier scheme).

Trazodone Prescribing for Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder on Medicaid in Oregon.

Objective: To examine trazodone prescribing to Medicaid-insured children with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from 2012 to 2016 for patient-level factors, including coexisting diagnoses associated with trazodone prescriptions.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study used de-identified claims data from the Oregon Health Authority to analyze associations, frequency, and likelihood of new trazodone fills.

Results: A total of 16,547 trazodone prescriptions were identified, representing 8.

Availability of Health Care Services and Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in Carceral Facilities in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho.

Objectives: To determine availability of health care services, treatment for acute alcohol and/or opioid withdrawal, and medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) in carceral facilities in the Northwest.

Methods: We queried 146 county jail and state prison facilities in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho (122 respondents). Availability of services were calculated, and results reported by state and facility type.

Language Assistance Services in Nonfederally Funded Safety-Net Medical Clinics in the United States.

In the United States, nonfederally funded safety-net clinics provide health care services to underserved populations, including patients with limited English proficiency. Unlike clinics that receive federal funding, which requires provision of qualified interpreters, these clinics are not required to provide such services. The aim of this study was to describe the types of language assistance services used by safety-net clinics and their approaches to medical interpreter training for volunteers and staff.