Association between early cerebral oxygenation and neurodevelopmental impairment or death in premature infants.

Objective: To assess the relationship between cerebral oxygenation in the first 72 h of life and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 2 years corrected age in former premature infants.

Study Design: Prospective observational cohort study of 127 infants <32 weeks GA at birth with cerebral oxygenation monitoring using NIRS in the first 72 h of life.

Results: Using a threshold cutoff for cerebral hypoxia, infants with NDI or death had increased duration of hypoxia (4 vs 2.

Multicentre, randomised trial of preterm infants receiving caffeine and less invasive surfactant administration compared with caffeine and early continuous positive airway pressure (CaLI trial): study protocol.

Introduction: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) or surfactant deficiency occurs primarily in premature infants resulting in composite outcomes of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Initial management strategies for preterm infants with RDS includes early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and titration of fractional inspired oxygen (FiO), and may include the use of less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) to avoid the need for mechanical ventilation. In order to optimise success of non-invasive support, the use of early caffeine therapy may be critical to the success of LISA.

A Randomized Clinical Trial of Umbilical Cord Milking vs Delayed Cord Clamping in Preterm Infants: Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at 22-26 Months of Corrected Age.

Objective: To compare the effect of umbilical cord milking vs delayed cord clamping (DCC) on neurodevelopmental and health outcomes in very preterm infants at 22-26 months of corrected age.

Study Design: Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years of age were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, third edition, and a standardized neurologic examination. Data regarding pulmonary morbidities, neurosensory impairments, and hospitalizations were obtained by parental interview.

Delayed Cord Clamping in Newborns Born at Term at Risk for Resuscitation: A Feasibility Randomized Clinical Trial.

Unlabelled: Infants may benefit if resuscitation could be provided with an intact umbilical cord. Infants identified at risk for resuscitation were randomized to 1- or 5-minute cord clamping. The 5-minute group had greater cerebral oxygenation and blood pressure.

Neonatal Resuscitation with an Intact Cord: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: To assess whether providing ventilation during delayed cord clamping (V-DCC) increases placental transfusion compared with delayed cord clamping alone (DCC only).

Study Design: Inborn premature infants (23-31 weeks' gestational age) were randomized to receive at least 60 seconds of V-DCC (initial continuous positive airway pressure) with addition of positive pressure ventilation if needed) or without assisted ventilation (DCC only). For the DCC-only group, infants were dried and stimulated by gently rubbing the back if apneic.