Compliance of Australian commercial foods for young children (<36 months) with an international nutrient and promotion profile model.

Objective: To assess how Australian infant and toddler foods compare to a nutrient and promotion profile model (NPPM) developed by the World Health Organization to support the appropriate promotion of commercial food products for children aged 6-36 months.

Methods: A cross-sectional audit of infant and toddler foods found at three major Australian supermarkets was conducted in September/October 2022. Using nutrition and promotional data extracted from the packaging, products were classified according to NPPM categories and assessed against relevant compositional, front-of-pack labelling and promotional requirements.

Neonatal outcomes in term and preterm infants following adjunctive azithromycin antibiotic prophylaxis for non-elective cesarean delivery.

Objective: It is currently unknown whether adjunctive azithromycin prophylaxis at the time of non-elective cesarean has differential effects on neonatal outcomes in the context of prematurity. The objective of this study was to compare whether neonatal outcomes differ in term and preterm infants exposed to adjunctive azithromycin prophylaxis before non-elective cesarean delivery.

Study Design: A planned secondary analysis of a multi-center randomized controlled trial that enrolled women with singleton pregnancies ≥24 weeks gestation undergoing non-elective cesarean delivery (during labor or ≥4 h after membrane rupture).

Effects of marketing claims on toddler food products on parents' product preferences, perceptions and purchasing intentions: an online experiment.

Background: The retail market for toddler-specific packaged foods is growing. Many of these products are ultra-processed and high in nutrients of concern for health, yet marketed in ways that may make them appear wholesome. This study aims to assess parents' responses to claims on unhealthy, ultra-processed toddler food products and test whether removing such claims promotes more accurate product perceptions and healthier product preferences.

A framework of NGO inside and outside strategies in the commercial determinants of health: findings from a narrative review.

Background: Public health scholarship has uncovered a wide range of strategies used by industry actors to promote their products and influence government regulation. Less is known about the strategies used by non-government organisations to attempt to influence commercial practices. This narrative review applies a political science typology to identify a suite of 'inside' and 'outside' strategies used by NGOs to attempt to influence the commercial determinants of health.

Utility of Weekly Laboratory Monitoring in the Expectant Management of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy.

Our retrospective cohort study evaluates the diagnostic yield of weekly laboratory surveillance in outpatient management of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) based on patient clinical status at the time of laboratory testing. The study included 459 patients and 1,082 laboratory episodes: 356 (32.9%) episodes were performed in the setting of concerning clinical findings and 726 (67.

Australian adults' attitudes towards government actions to protect children from digital marketing of unhealthy food and drink products.

Issue Addressed: This study assessed Australian adults' attitudes towards government actions to protect children from digital marketing of unhealthy food and drink products.

Methods: An online survey was undertaken by Australian adults aged 18-64 recruited via two national panels in December 2019 (N = 2044).

Results: Most respondents (69%) agreed the Government should protect children from unhealthy food and drink marketing and advertising broadly.

The utility of word list and story recall for identifying older U.S. Chinese immigrants with cognitive impairment.

Objective: This study examined the utility of the Chinese-language translations of the word list memory test (Philadelphia Verbal Learning Test) and story memory test (Logical Memory subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale) for differentiating cognitive diagnosis in older U.S. Chinese immigrants.

Masked pregnancy-associated hypertension as a predictor of adverse outcomes.

Background: Masked hypertension has been described in nonpregnant populations as elevated blood pressure in the home setting that is not reproduced on clinical assessment. Patients with masked hypertension have a greater risk of cardiovascular morbidity than patients who have blood pressures within normal range or those with white coat hypertension.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether masked pregnancy-associated hypertension detected on Connected Maternity Online Monitoring, a remote home blood pressure monitoring system, is associated with higher rates of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy during delivery admission and maternal and neonatal morbidities.

Evaluating memory testing to distinguish dementia severity among White, Black, and Spanish-speaking individuals in the Uniform Data Set (UDS).

Introduction: Little work has compared the effectiveness of using multiple types of memory tests alone or in combination to distinguish dementia severity in diverse research cohorts including Black individuals and Spanish speakers. Here we evaluate word list and paragraph recall tests to distinguish cognitively normal, mild cognitively impaired, and those with Alzheimer's disease in diverse cohorts.

Methods: Using Uniform Data Set (UDS) and site-specific supplemental data, logistic regression models and receiver operating characteristic-area under the curve were used to compare paragraph recall versus word list in differentiating among Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale level.

Commercially available foods for young children (<36 months) in Australia: An assessment of how they compare to a proposed nutrient profile model.

Issue Addressed: To assess the nutritional composition of commercially available foods (CAFs) for infants and toddlers sold in Australia to determine whether they meet World Health Organization (WHO) Europe's proposed standards for nutritionally appropriate foods for children <36 months.

Methods: A cross-sectional retail audit of infant (n = 177) and toddler (n = 73) foods found in-store and online at three major Victorian supermarkets was conducted in August/September 2019. Products were grouped according to WHO Europe's food categories and their nutrient content assessed against specific composition standards applicable to their category.

Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients After Completion of the mRNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination Series Compared With Unvaccinated Patients.

Objective: To compare frequency of perinatal death between pregnant patients who completed the mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination series and unvaccinated patients.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 15,865 pregnant patients who delivered 16,132 newborns after 20 weeks of gestation within a large regional health system between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021. Patients who received two doses of mRNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech [BNT162b2] or Moderna [mRNA-1273]) were included in the vaccinated group and were compared with unvaccinated patients.

Obesity prevention and related public health advertising versus competing commercial advertising expenditure in Australia.

Mass media campaigns can change attitudes and behaviours to improve population health. However, a key challenge is achieving share of voice in a complex and cluttered media environment. The aim of this study was to compare advertising expenditure on public health campaigns for obesity prevention (and related healthy eating and physical activity campaigns) with competing commercial categories of (a) sugary drinks, (b) artificially sweetened drinks and (c) diet/weight loss products and programmes.

"No Child or Adult Would Ever Probably Choose to Have 16 Teaspoons of Sugar": A Preliminary Study of Parents' Responses to Sugary Drink Warning Label Options.

Front-of-pack (FoP) warning labels are a viable policy option with the potential to inform consumer choice and assist in reducing sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption as part of a multi-faceted approach. This study explored parents' perceptions and understanding of a range of SSB warning labels. Focus groups = 12) with 82 parents of school-aged children were conducted, stratified according to education level, sex and location.

The use of subjective cognitive complaints for detecting mild cognitive impairment in older adults across cultural and linguistic groups: A comparison of the Cognitive Function Instrument to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment.

Introduction: This pilot study aims to explore the psychometric properties of the Cognitive Function Instrument (CFI) as a measure of subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) and its performance in distinguishing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from normal control (NC) compared to an objective cognitive screen (Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA]).

Methods: One hundred ninety-four community-dwelling non-demented older adults with racial/ethnic diversity were included. Unidimensionality and internal consistency of the CFI were examined using factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and McDonald's omega.

The commercial determinants of unhealthy diets.

Unhealthy diets are a leading risk factor for obesity and non-communicable disease. Food choices are made within the context of people's social circumstances as well as the broader food environment, which is shaped extensively by food and beverage industry practices, which include market, financial and political activities undertaken to increase the sale and consumption of highly processed food and beverages. To reduce the burden of unhealthy diets, there is a clear need for government-led action to disrupt the balance of power that currently favours commercial interests over public health.

Atropine, Ondansetron, and Ketorolac: Supplemental Management of Amniotic Fluid Embolism.

Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare cause of severe maternal morbidity and mortality. No well-studied protocols are available for management of AFE. We present a case of cardiac arrest secondary to presumed AFE and the use of atropine-ondansetron-ketorolac (AOK).

Exploring the effects of added sugar labels on food purchasing behaviour in Australian parents: An online randomised controlled trial.

Background: Evidence of the effects of front-of-pack added sugar labelling remains limited, especially for foods other than sugary drinks. More information is needed about which labels are likely to be most effective in reducing intended purchases of products with higher added sugar content in realistic contexts to inform policymakers' decisions.

Objective: To determine the impact of added sugar labels on intended purchases of high sugar breakfast cereals, yoghurt, and non-alcoholic beverages.

Maternal early warning criteria predict postpartum severe maternal morbidity and mortality after delivery hospitalization discharge: a case-control study.

Background: The predictors of postpartum severe maternal morbidity and mortality have not been well-described using patient-level data.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the application of maternal early warning criteria in the postpartum period and generate a preliminary predictive model for severe maternal morbidity and mortality occurring after delivery hospitalization discharge until 42 days postpartum.

Study Design: A retrospective case-control study was conducted from January 2013 to September 2020.

Governing ultra-processed food and alcohol industries: the presence and role of non-government organisations in Australia.

Objective: The roles of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in regulating harmful commodity industries (HCIs) are understudied. The aim of this paper is to identify the NGOs and the roles that they play in the governance of the ultra-processed food and alcohol industries in Australia.

Methods: We undertook an exploratory descriptive analysis of NGOs identified from an online search based on the typology we developed of type, issue area and governance function.

Smartphone ownership and usage in Chinese- and English-speaking older adults.

Background: Data collection by smartphone is becoming more widespread in healthcare research. Previous studies reported racial/ethnical differences in the use of digital health technology. However, cross-language group comparison (Chinese- and English-speaking older adults) were not performed in these studies.

Association of Skin Incision Type With Postoperative Cesarean Delivery Complications in Morbidly Obese Patients.

Objective: To assess whether Pfannenstiel skin incision compared with vertical skin incision was associated with postcesarean delivery wound complications in morbidly obese women.

Methods: We assembled a retrospective cohort of patients with body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher who delivered by cesarean between July 2012 and May 2019. The primary outcome was a composite wound morbidity (until 42 days postpartum) including wound separation, infection, and dehiscence.

Warning labels and interpretive nutrition labels: Impact on substitution between sugar and artificially sweetened beverages, juice and water in a real-world selection task.

Effective strategies to reduce free sugar intake are needed. This study examined exposure to a warning label, independently and in conjunction with a Health Star Rating (HSR) label, on the selection of commercially available cold beverages with real decision-making stakes. Participants (N = 511, 47.

Universal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Testing for Obstetric Inpatient Units Across the United States.

Background: The purpose of this study was to estimate prevalence of asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among patients admitted to obstetric inpatient units throughout the United States as detected by universal screening. We sought to describe the relationship between obstetric inpatient asymptomatic infection rates and publicly available surrounding community infection rates.

Methods: A cross-sectional study in which medical centers reported rates of positive SARS-CoV-2 testing in asymptomatic pregnant and immediate postpartum patients over a 1-3-month time span in 2020.