Call the experts: identifying stakeholders in the long-term care of youth with hypospadias.

Long-term follow-up for individuals with hypospadias remains a critical area of need, yet evidence-based guidelines for such follow-up are lacking, and the role of involvement of relevant experts is not yet established. Using our hypospadias-specific health-related quality of life conceptual framework and a subsequent qualitative study of prepubertal males and parents of males with hypospadias, we identified potential priorities for long-term follow-up of youth with hypospadias. Using thematic codes from our patient and parent interviews, we searched PubMed for relevant articles and identified the specialties represented by all the authors of these articles.

Examination of a hope- and fear-based message targeting older adults who smoke: A randomized trial.

Older adults who smoke are half as likely to make a quit attempt, but more likely to maintain abstinence using evidence-based treatments. Awareness of the increased risk of dementia among people who currently smoke may motivate cessation in this population, but messages have not been tested. 820 adults who smoke, ages 50-80, with no history of dementia completed an online survey examining one of three randomly assigned messages (Control N = 266, Fear N = 274, Hope N = 280) on motivation and intentions to quit.

Using Systems Engineering and Implementation Science to Design an Implementation Package for Preoperative Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment Among Older Adults Having Major Abdominal Surgery: Protocol for a 3-Phase Study.

Background: Older Americans, a growing segment of the population, have an increasing need for surgical services, and they experience a disproportionate burden of postoperative complications compared to their younger counterparts. A preoperative comprehensive geriatric assessment (pCGA) is recommended to reduce risk and improve surgical care delivery for this population, which has been identified as vulnerable. The pCGA optimizes multiple chronic conditions and factors commonly overlooked in routine preoperative planning, including physical function, polypharmacy, nutrition, cognition, mental health, and social and environmental support.

Implementation of MOVIN by a Nurse-Led Clinical Team: A Multiple Methods Evaluation Using the RE-AIM Framework.

Purpose: To evaluate the implementation of MOVIN, a multicomponent mobility intervention, by a nurse-led team and measure the effectiveness on unit-level outcomes.

Method: A pragmatic quasi-experimental study was conducted on an inpatient adult medical unit. Evaluation was guided by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework.

Qualitative Message Development to Motivate Quitting Smoking in Older Adults: Dementia May Motivate Quitting.

Compared to younger adults, older adults who smoke cigarettes are half as likely to make a quit attempt, but more likely to maintain abstinence using evidence-based smoking treatments (EBSTs), illustrating the need for motivational messages to promote cessation through EBSTs. It is unclear whether messaging regarding the association between smoking and dementia might motivate older adults to quit. We conducted 90-min semi-structured qualitative interviews and surveys via telephone with 24 U.

Outcomes Associated With Translating Evidence-Based Research Into Practice: The Physical Activity for Lifelong Success Program.

Background: Few programs assess for outcomes once translated into practice. The Physical Activity for Lifelong Success program was developed as a center-based public health intervention and shown to improve walking speed and distance among older adults with type 2 diabetes. We adapted the program for community-based delivery by lay leaders to physically inactive older adults.

Deployment of Real-time Natural Language Processing and Deep Learning Clinical Decision Support in the Electronic Health Record: Pipeline Implementation for an Opioid Misuse Screener in Hospitalized Adults.

Background: The clinical narrative in electronic health records (EHRs) carries valuable information for predictive analytics; however, its free-text form is difficult to mine and analyze for clinical decision support (CDS). Large-scale clinical natural language processing (NLP) pipelines have focused on data warehouse applications for retrospective research efforts. There remains a paucity of evidence for implementing NLP pipelines at the bedside for health care delivery.

Training dementia care professionals to help caregivers improve the management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia using the DICE Approach: A pilot study.

Most persons living with dementia (PLWD) exhibit behavioral or psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) over the course of the illness. The DICE Approach (DICE) is a framework that enables caregivers to identify, evaluate, and manage BPSD. This pilot pre-post test study examined the effects of DICE training on dementia care professionals' self-efficacy, knowledge, and attitudes regarding care of patients with BPSD.

Training professional caregivers to screen for report of cognitive changes in persons with intellectual disability.

Introduction: By age 60, 60% of adults with Down syndrome (DS) have dementia. Detecting dementia in persons with intellectual disability (ID) can be challenging because their underlying cognitive impairment can confound presentation of dementia symptoms and because adults with ID may have difficulty reporting symptoms. The National Task Group Early Detection Screen for Dementia (NTG-EDSD) was developed to aid detection of report of cognitive impairment in adults with ID.

Using Smart Displays to Implement an eHealth System for Older Adults With Multiple Chronic Conditions: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Voice-controlled smart speakers and displays have a unique but unproven potential for delivering eHealth interventions. Many laptop- and smartphone-based interventions have been shown to improve multiple outcomes, but voice-controlled platforms have not been tested in large-scale rigorous trials. Older adults with multiple chronic health conditions, who need tools to help with their daily management, may be especially good candidates for interventions on voice-controlled devices because these patients often have physical limitations, such as tremors or vision problems, that make the use of laptops and smartphones challenging.

Applying the lessons of implementation science to maximize feasibility and usability in team science intervention development.

The Science of Team Science (SciTS) has generated a substantial body of work detailing characteristics of effective teams. However, that knowledge has not been widely translated into accessible, active, actionable, evidence-based interventions to help translational teams enhance their team functioning and outcomes. Over the past decade, the field of Implementation Science has rapidly developed methods and approaches to increase the translation of biomedical research findings into clinical care, providing a roadmap for mitigating the challenges of developing interventions while maximizing feasibility and utility.

Encouraging the scale-up of proven interventions: Infrastructure development for the "Evidence-to-Implementation" award.

Background/objective: Although most research universities offer investigators help in obtaining patents for inventions, investigators generally have few resources for scaling up non-patentable innovations, such as health behavior change interventions. In 2017, the dissemination and implementation (D & I) team at the University of Wisconsin's Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) created the Evidence-to-Implementation (E2I) award to encourage the scale-up of proven, non-patentable health interventions. The award was intended to give investigators financial support and business expertise to prepare evidence-based interventions for scale-up.

Integrating dissemination and implementation sciences within Clinical and Translational Science Award programs to advance translational research: Recommendations to national and local leaders.

The National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) has defined translation as the process of turning observations into interventions that are adopted, sustained, and improve health. Translation must attend to research and community systems and context at multiple levels, and to key stakeholders. Dissemination and implementation (D&I) sciences are informed by an understanding of the critical role of people and systems in disseminating, adopting, and sustaining innovations within real-world settings.

Peer-to-Peer Support and Changes in Health and Well-being in Older Adults Over Time.

Importance: Literature on peer-to-peer (P2P) programs suggests they improve health and well-being of older adults. Analysis from a previous study showed P2P to be associated with higher rates of hospitalization and no significant differences in rates of emergency department or urgent care visits; however, it is not known whether measures of health and well-being varied by group over time.

Objective: To compare the association between receiving P2P support and secondary outcomes (ie, health status, quality of life, and depressive and anxiety symptoms) with receiving standard community services (SCS) over time.

Effect of an eHealth intervention on older adults' quality of life and health-related outcomes: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: By 2030, the number of US adults age ≥65 will exceed 70 million. Their quality of life has been declared a national priority by the US government.

Objective: Assess effects of an eHealth intervention for older adults on quality of life, independence, and related outcomes.

A Web-Based eHealth Intervention to Improve the Quality of Life of Older Adults With Multiple Chronic Conditions: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) are common among older adults and expensive to manage. Two-thirds of Medicare beneficiaries have multiple conditions (eg, diabetes and osteoarthritis) and account for more than 90% of Medicare spending. Patients with MCCs also experience lower quality of life and worse medical and psychiatric outcomes than patients without MCCs.

Essential elements to "design for dissemination" within a research network-a modified Delphi study of the Community-Academic Aging Research Network (CAARN).

Background: The Community-Academic Aging Research Network (CAARN) was developed in 2010 to build partnerships, facilitate research, and ultimately accelerate the pace of development, testing, and dissemination of evidence-based programs related to healthy aging. CAARN has facilitated development and testing of 32 interventions, two of which are being packaged for scale-up, and three of which are being scaled up nationally by non-profit organizations. The purpose of this study is to describe CAARN's essential elements required to replicate its success in designing for dissemination.

The Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Community-Based Intervention to Reduce Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness and feasibility of translating a 4-week "Stand Up and Move More" (SUMM) intervention by state aging units to older adults ( = 56, age = 74 years). A randomized controlled trial assessed sedentary behavior, physical function, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) before and after the intervention. Participants included healthy community-dwelling, sedentary (sit > 6 hr/day) and aged ≥ 55 years adults.

Evaluation of Peer-to-Peer Support and Health Care Utilization Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Importance: The vast majority of older adults desire to age in their communities, and it is not clear what helps them be successful at aging in place.

Objective: To investigate the comparative effectiveness of community-designed and community-implemented peer-to-peer (P2P) support programs vs standard community services (SCS) to promote health and wellness in at-risk older adults.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This comparative effectiveness study involved a longitudinal cohort of adults aged 65 years and older conducted between 2015 and 2017.

Sustaining Gains in Diabetic Eye Screening: Outcomes from a Stakeholder-Based Implementation Program for Teleophthalmology in Primary Care.

Teleophthalmology is a validated method for diabetic eye screening that is underutilized in U.S. primary care clinics.