Scaffold protein MAPK8IP2 expression is a robust prognostic factor in prostate cancer associated with AR signaling activity.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase-8-interacting protein 2 (MAPK8IP2) is a scaffold protein that modulates MAPK signal cascades. Although MAPK pathways were heavily implicated in prostate cancer progression, the regulation of MAPK8IP2 expression in prostate cancer is not yet reported. We assessed MAPK8IP2 gene expression in prostate cancer related to disease progression and patient survival outcomes.

Operation Clean Air: Implementing a Surgical Smoke Evacuation Program.

Surgical smoke is a hazardous byproduct of any surgery involving a laser or an electrosurgical unit. Although research and professional organizations identified surgical smoke as harmful many years ago, this byproduct continues to be a safety hazard in the OR. An interdisciplinary team at a large academic medical center sought to address the exposure of patients and perioperative team members to surgical smoke.

ENabling Reduction of Low-grade Inflammation in SEniors Pilot Study: Concept, Rationale, and Design.

Objectives: To test two interventions to reduce interleukin (IL)-6 levels, an indicator of low-grade chronic inflammation and an independent risk factor for impaired mobility and slow walking speed in older adults.

Design: The ENabling Reduction of low-Grade Inflammation in SEniors (ENRGISE) Pilot Study was a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized pilot trial of two interventions to reduce IL-6 levels.

Setting: Five university-based research centers.

Saxagliptin improves glycemic control by modulating postprandial glucagon and C-peptide levels in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aims: Saxagliptin reduced glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and postprandial glucose (PPG) in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To understand the physiology of this effect, indices of α- and β-cell function were measured in a subpopulation of Chinese patients following a noodle mixed-meal tolerance test.

Methods: Data from Chinese patients were pooled from two phase 3, 24-week studies of saxagliptin 5mg/d as monotherapy in drug-naive patients and as add-on to metformin in patients inadequately controlled with metformin alone.

Efficacy and safety of saxagliptin in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of saxagliptin (5 mg once-daily) in older patients (≥65 years of age) with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: In this retrospective subgroup analysis, data from five randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, 24-week, phase 3 trials were included. The primary studies evaluated saxagliptin 5 mg once-daily (monotherapy or add-on) in patients aged 18-77 years with HbA(1c) ≥7.

Mitochondrial respiration and respiration-associated proteins in cell lines created through Parkinson's subject mitochondrial transfer.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with perturbed mitochondrial function. Studies of cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cell lines containing mitochondria from PD subjects suggest complex I dysfunction in particular is a relatively upstream biochemical defect. To evaluate potential downstream consequences of PD mitochondrial dysfunction, we used a cybrid approach to model PD mitochondrial dysfunction; our cybrid cell lines were generated via transfer of PD or control subject platelet mitochondria to mtDNA-depleted NT2 cells.

Stimulation of type-X collagen gene transcription by retinoids occurs in part through the BMP signaling pathway.

Background: Chondrocyte maturation and hypertrophy during endochondral bone formation are stimulated by both retinoids and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). The type-X collagen gene, which is expressed only in hypertrophic chondrocytes, provides an excellent marker for chondrocyte maturation. We previously identified a 651-base-pair region of the type-X collagen promoter that is essential for its activation by BMP.