Toe-in and toe-out gait retraining interventions for individuals with knee osteoarthritis trial: A pilot randomised clinical trial.

Background: Gait retraining, through altering foot progression angle, has the potential to reduce pain and offload the medial tibiofemoral compartment in people with knee osteoarthritis. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of toe-in and toe-out gait retraining on self-reported pain and physical function, and proxy measures of medial knee load, in individuals with medial knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: Twenty participants with symptomatic medial knee osteoarthritis were randomly allocated to receive either toe-in or toe-out gait retraining for six-weeks, consisting of weekly clinician-supervised sessions and ≥ 30 min of daily self-practice.

The effect of the KNEE program for Netball players on the modified Star Excursion Balance Test - a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The aim was to investigate the effect of the KNEE program on postural control as measured by the modified Star Excursion Balance test (mSEBT) in Australian club level netball players.

Methods: Two netball teams from Netball NSW Premier-League were recruited and randomized to complete either the KNEE program or a traditional warm-up. Cumulative, anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions of the mSEBT were measured for both limbs at baseline, 8-weeks, and 5-months.

In Vitro Evaluation of Vancomycin-Induced Toxicity in Human Primary Knee Chondrocytes.

Septic arthritis as a complication of orthopaedic joint surgery can have catastrophic outcomes for patients. To minimise infection risk associated with elective orthopaedics, topical vancomycin during surgery has become increasingly common. Evidence suggests that high concentrations of vancomycin, following direct application of the drug to the joint, are toxic towards various local cell types in the joint, including chondrocytes.

Delivering Load-Modifying Gait Retraining Interventions via Telehealth in People With Medial Knee Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

We aimed to investigate the effects of delivering 3 gait retraining interventions (toe-in, toe-out, and placebo gait) on proxy measures of medial knee load (early- and late-stance peak knee adduction moment [KAM], KAM impulse, and varus thrust) in people with knee osteoarthritis, using a hybrid model of face-to-face and telehealth-delivered sessions over 5 months. This was an originally planned 3-arm randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. However, during the 2021 COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown in Sydney, Australia, the study became a pilot randomized controlled trial with the remainder of interventions delivered via telehealth.

Toe-in and toe-out gait retraining interventions to reduce proxy measures of medial knee joint load in people with medial knee osteoarthritis: Protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: Our primary aim is to determine the effect of a six-week toe-in, toe-out and active placebo gait retraining program on proxy measures of medial knee joint load and varus thrust in people with medial knee osteoarthritis. Our secondary aim is to determine the intervention effects on patient reported outcomes and physical function and determine if changes are maintained at three-months follow-up.

Methods: We will conduct a three-arm randomised placebo-controlled trial.

Evaluating the Use of PROMs in Paediatric Orthopaedic Registries.

Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) provide structured information on the patient's health experience and facilitate shared clinical decision-making. Registries that collect PROMs generate essential information about the clinical course and efficacy of interventions. Whilst PROMs are increasingly being used in adult orthopaedic registries, their use in paediatric orthopaedic registries is not well known.

Relationship Between Knee Biomechanics and Pain in People With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Our primary aim was to determine the cross-sectional relationship between knee biomechanics during gait and pain in people with medial knee osteoarthritis. Our secondary aim was to evaluate differences in knee biomechanics between symptomatic and asymptomatic participants with medial knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: Four online databases were searched from inception to July 2021.

Increasing rates of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in young Australians, 2000-2015.

Objectives: To investigate the incidence and demographic features of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions in Australia by age and sex, and to determine whether the incidence has changed during the past 15 years.

Design And Setting: Descriptive epidemiological analysis of longitudinal data on ACL reconstructions (July 2000 - June 2015) in the National Hospital Morbidity Database.

Main Outcome Measures: Population ACL reconstruction rates, by age group and sex.

A Technique of Improved Medial Meniscus Visualization by Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Placement in Chronic Anterior Cruciate Deficient Knees.

It is customary to perform medial meniscus repair before anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft placement when undertaken as a combined procedure. However, in chronic ACL-deficient knees, intraoperative anterior tibiofemoral translation can cause the medial meniscus repair to be more technically challenging. Intraoperative anterior tibiofemoral translation can both reduce the visualization of the medial meniscus and make its reduction unstable.

No infections in 1300 anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions with vancomycin pre-soaking of hamstring grafts.

Purpose: To investigate the pre-soaking of hamstring grafts in topical vancomycin, in addition to IV prophylaxis, during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction to reduce the incidence of post-operative infection, and to describe an evidence-based diagnostic and treatment algorithm to facilitate early diagnosis and appropriate management of possible knee sepsis post-operatively after ACL reconstruction.

Methods: This study is a controlled observational series comprising of 1585 individuals who underwent ACL reconstruction over a 13-year period. All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon at the same hospital.

Spinal manual therapy produces rapid onset analgesia in a rodent model.

A rapid hypoalgesic effect following spinal manual therapy (SMT) has been demonstrated in humans. Although the characteristics of the pain relief are well described, the mechanisms have remained speculative. The purpose of this suite of studies was to investigate the effects of SMT on pain measures using animal models.

A surgical technique using presoaked vancomycin hamstring grafts to decrease the risk of infection after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether presoaking hamstring graft with a dilute antibiotic solution provides a potential new tool to improve measures to prevent joint infection.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of data that were prospectively collected for 1,135 consecutive patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) during a 7-year period. In the initial 3-year period, 285 patients (group 1) underwent ACLR with a hamstring autograft with preoperative intravenous (IV) antibiotics.

The in vitro elution characteristics of vancomycin from tendons.

Background: Infection after ACL reconstruction is uncommon but catastrophic. Prophylactic graft saturation in vancomycin reportedly reduces infection rates.

Questions/purposes: We characterized vancomycin elution from soaked tendons.