Air quality and employee performance in teams: Evidence from the NFL.

Emerging research documents the impact of poor air quality on employee performance in a number of settings, including sport. Unlike other settings, sports teams have limited ability to influence previously scheduled games, making air quality exogenous to unobservable factors affecting game outcomes. We link play-level data from National Football League (NFL) games to data from air quality monitoring stations located near NFL stadiums.

Physical activity and health outcomes: evidence from Canada.

Health production models include participation in physical activity as an input. We investigate the relationship between participation in physical activity and health using a bivariate probit model. Participation is identified with an exclusion restriction on a variable reflecting sense of belonging to the community.

Sport participation and subjective well-being: instrumental variable results from German survey data.

Background: A major policy goal of many ministries of sport and health is increased participation in sport to promote health. A growing literature is emerging about the benefits of sport participation on happiness. A challenge in establishing a link between sport participation and happiness is controlling for endogeneity of sport participation in the happiness equation.

Analysis of healthcare financing, supply and utilisation trends in the new EU countries.

The EU expanded in 2004 to include eight transition countries, i.e. Central and Eastern European (CEE) and newly independent states of the former Soviet Union, and two other CEE countries are scheduled to join the EU in 2007.