Post-anesthetic CPS and EQUUS-FAP scores in surgical and non-surgical equine patients: an observational study.

Background: Equine pain scoring may be affected by the residual effect of anesthetic drugs.

Objectives: To compare pain scores in the hours immediately following anesthetic recovery to baseline pre-anesthetic scores in equine patients undergoing surgical and non-surgical procedures.

Study Design: Clinical observational study.

The effect of adding a heated humidified breathing circuit on body temperature in healthy anesthetized dogs.

Objective: To compare the effect of a circulating warm water blanket (WWB) in combination with a heated humidified breathing circuit (HHBC) heated to 45 °C on rectal temperature (RT) in dogs undergoing general anesthesia for elective ovariohysterectomies.

Animals: 29 healthy dogs.

Procedures: Dogs in the experimental group (n = 8) and dogs in the control group (21) were connected to an HHBC and a conventional rebreathing circuit, respectively.

Antinociceptive effects of bupivacaine injected within the internal abdominis rectus sheath in standing healthy horses.

Objective: To evaluate a regional anesthetic technique for blocking the abdominal midline in horses.

Study Design: Anatomical description and prospective, crossover, placebo-controlled, blinded study.

Animals: Adult horses; two cadavers, six healthy animals.

Retrospective assessment of general anesthesia-related challenges, morbidity, and death in snakes: 139 cases (2000-2022).

Objective: To summarize the anesthetic events of snakes seen at a large university hospital, identify challenges with record keeping, and assess patient and anesthesia-related morbidity and death.

Sample: 139 anesthetic events were performed; only 106 cases had detailed anesthetic reports available for further analyses.

Procedures: Medical records of snakes that underwent general anesthesia between October 2000 and January 2022 were retrospectively reviewed.

The effect of a ketamine constant rate infusion on cardiovascular variables in sheep anesthetized at the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane that blunts adrenergic responses.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a constant rate infusion of ketamine on cardiac index (CI) in sheep, as estimated using noninvasive cardiac output (NICO) monitoring by partial carbon dioxide rebreathing, when anesthetized with sevoflurane at the previously determined minimum alveolar concentration that blunts adrenergic responses (MACBAR).

Animals: 12 healthy Dorset-crossbred adult sheep.

Procedures: Sheep were anesthetized 2 times in a balanced placebo-controlled crossover design.

Influence of doxapram and intermittent 10% carbon dioxide inspiration on cardiovascular and laryngeal functions in anesthetized dogs.

Objective: To compare the effects of two doses of doxapram intravenous injection and carbon dioxide inhalation on the cardiovascular and laryngeal functions of anesthetized hounds.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Animals: Six healthy adult dogs.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of methadone administered intravenously and intramuscularly to isoflurane-anesthetized chickens.

Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of methadone after IV or IM administration to isoflurane-anesthetized chickens.

Animals: 6 healthy adult Hy-Line hens.

Procedures: In a randomized crossover-design study, methadone (6 mg/kg) was administered IV and IM to isoflurane-anesthetized chickens with a 1-week washout period between experiments.

Effect of Meperidine on Equine Blood Histamine, Tryptase, and Immunoglobulin-E Concentrations.

To evaluate changes in immunological parameters following subcutaneous (SC) and intramuscular (IM) administration of meperidine in horses through quantitative analysis of plasma tryptase, histamine, and IgE levels. Six adult horses were enrolled in a prospective randomized crossover design. Horses were administered one treatment per day, with a seven day washout period: (a) meperidine 1 mg/kg IM, saline 6 mL SC; (b) saline 6 mL IM, meperidine 1 mg/kg SC; (c) saline 6 mL SC, saline 6 mL IM.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of meperidine after intramuscular and subcutaneous administration in horses.

Objective: To describe the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of meperidine after IM and subcutaneous administration in horses.

Study Design: prospective, randomized, blinded, crossover trial.

Animals: Six adult horses weighing 494 ± 33 kg.

Arterial oxygenation in anesthetized horses placed in a 5-degree reverse Trendelenburg position.

Low arterial oxygen is a common complication in anesthetized horses and placing the animal in reverse Trendelenburg (RT) position may treat hypoxemia. The objective of this study was to assess the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO) in horses placed in a 5-degree RT compared to horizontal (H) position. Client-owned healthy horses (n = 60) undergoing elective surgeries were enrolled in a randomized controlled clinical study.

Determination of the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane that blunts adrenergic responses and the effect of a constant rate infusion of ketamine in sheep.

Minimizing sympathetic stimulation under anesthesia prevents activation of the neuroendocrine stress response. The minimum alveolar concentration blunting adrenergic responses in 50% of the population when exposed to a noxious stimulus is defined as MAC-BAR. The purpose of this study was to determine the MAC-BAR of sevoflurane (MAC-BAR) in sheep and the MAC-BAR sparing effects of ketamine.

Evaluation of a point-of-care blood glucose monitor in healthy goats.

Objective: To assess agreement between a point-of-care glucometer (POCG) and a laboratory chemistry analyzer for blood glucose measurements in goats.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Effects of intravenous administration of lidocaine and buprenorphine on gastrointestinal tract motility and signs of pain in New Zealand White rabbits after ovariohysterectomy.

OBJECTIVE To compare analgesic and gastrointestinal effects of lidocaine and buprenorphine administered to rabbits undergoing ovariohysterectomy. ANIMALS Fourteen 12-month-old female New Zealand White rabbits. PROCEDURES Rabbits were assigned to 2 treatment groups (7 rabbits/group).

Influence of sedation on onset and quality of euthanasia in sheep.

The purpose of this study was to determine if dexmedetomidine administered IV prior to euthanasia in sheep affected the speed or quality of euthanasia. Twenty clinically healthy Dorset-cross adult ewes between 1 and 3years of age were enrolled in a randomized blinded experimental trial. The subjects were randomly assigned to receive dexmedetomidine 5μg/kg IV or an equivalent volume of saline.

Reliability of video recordings to evaluate quality of anesthesia recovery in dogs.

Objective: To assess the reliability of using video recordings to evaluate anesthesia recovery in dogs.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Animals: A total of 30 dogs undergoing surgery.

Effects of acepromazine and trazodone on anesthetic induction dose of propofol and cardiovascular variables in dogs undergoing general anesthesia for orthopedic surgery.

OBJECTIVE To compare the doses of propofol required to induce general anesthesia in dogs premedicated with acepromazine maleate or trazodone hydrochloride and compare the effects of these premedicants on cardiovascular variables in dogs anesthetized for orthopedic surgery. DESIGN Prospective, randomized study. ANIMALS 30 systemically healthy client-owned dogs.

A survey of the use of arterial catheters in anesthetized dogs and cats: 267 cases.

Objectives: To describe the clinical practice of insertion of arterial catheters in anesthetized dogs and cats, to document complications of arterial catheterization, and to determine risk factors associated with the complications.

Design: Prospective clinical study and retrospective evaluation of medical records.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Determination of the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane that blunts adrenergic responses in sheep and evaluation of the effects of fentanyl.

Objective: To determine the minimum alveolar concentration that blunts adrenergic responses (MACBAR) for isoflurane and evaluate effects of fentanyl on isoflurane MACBAR in sheep. ANIMALS 13 healthy adult Dorset-cross adult ewes.

Procedures: In a crossover design, each ewe was anesthetized 2 times for determination of isoflurane MACBAR.

Agreement between veterinary students and anesthesiologists regarding postoperative pain assessment in dogs.

Objective: To determine the levels of agreement among first- and second-year veterinary students and experienced anesthesiologists in assessing postoperative pain in dogs from video-recordings.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Subjects: Twenty-seven veterinary students, five anesthesiologists and 13 canine clinical patients.

The use of equine surfactant and positive pressure ventilation to treat a premature alpaca cria with severe hypoventilation and hypercapnia.

A 5-hour-old, premature alpaca cria was presented with failure to nurse, weakness, hypoglycemia, hypercapnia, and respiratory distress. The cria was treated with 3 doses of fresh, crude equine surfactant, positive pressure ventilation, and supplemental intranasal oxygen. Recovery to discharge was uneventful, and the cria regained apparently normal respiratory function.

Evaluation of serial venous and arterial lactate concentrations in healthy anesthetized sheep undergoing ovariectomy.

Objective: To determine if lactate concentrations in jugular venous and auricular arterial blood differ in anesthetized sheep.

Study Design: Prospective, controlled experimental study.

Animals: Twelve healthy adult ewes, 4-7 years and weighing 62-77 kg.

Comparison of three different inhalant anesthetic agents (isoflurane, sevoflurane, desflurane) in red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis).

Objective: To compare isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane for inhalant anesthesia in red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) in terms of the speed and characteristics of induction; cardiovascular and respiratory parameters while anesthetized; and speed and quality of recovery.

Study Design: Prospective, cross over, randomized experimental study.

Animals: 12 healthy adult red-tailed hawks.

Use of a wireless system to measure invasive arterial blood pressure in ponies - preliminary study.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and functionality of intra-carotid wireless device implantation in ponies, and to investigate its short-term complications.

Study Design: Prospective preliminary study.

Animals: Five mixed breed, adult, intact male ponies weighing 104 +/- 28.