Psychological Screening, Standards and Spinal Cord Injury: Introducing Change in NHS England Commissioned Services.

Psychologist resourcing across the United Kingdom (UK) spinal cord injury centres (SCICs) varies considerably, which has detrimentally impacted standardising service provision for people with spinal cord injuries/disorders (PwSCI/D) compared with other nations. This paper presents the outcome of a project involving the Spinal Cord Injury Psychology Advisory Group (SCIPAG) and NHS England Clinical Reference Group/SCI transformation groups to agree upon screening and standards and shares data from the National Spinal Injuries Centre (NSIC) and the Yorkshire and Midlands Regional SCICs. Inpatients completed the GAD-7, the PHQ-9, and the short form of the Appraisals of DisAbility: Primary and Secondary Scale (ADAPSSsf), assessing adjustment.

Anxiety in Response to Sustaining Spinal Cord Injuries and Disorders: When Should Clinicians Be Concerned?

Objective: To recommend a cut-off score for the brief 2-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2) measure for persons with spinal cord injuries/disorders (PwSCI/D) and to estimate anxiety occurrence within this population using the full 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7).

Design: Multicenter retrospective analyses.

Setting: One inpatient rehabilitation center and 2 community sites for PwSCI/D.

The influence of psychological need on rehabilitation outcomes for people with spinal cord injury.

Study Design: Single-centre, retrospective study of people with a spinal cord injury or disorder (PwSCI/D) and identified psychological need.

Objectives: To examine the effect of psychological need on rehabilitation outcomes.

Setting: National Spinal Injuries Centre (NSIC), Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, United Kingdom.

Building and Sustaining Inpatient-Clinician Collaboration in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation: A Case Example Using the Stoke Mandeville Spinal Needs Assessment Checklist (SMS-NAC) and Goal Planning Programme.

Goal planning is core for the delivery of the biopsychosocial model of rehabilitation and is commonly practiced in spinal cord injury (SCI) and other physical health settings. Despite a strong theoretical basis from several branches of psychology, evidence regarding specific practice, interventions and impact has yet to be established, with no universal standards in this area. Study One outlines the standards used at the National Spinal Injuries Centre (NSIC), Stoke Mandeville Hospital since the inception of the SMS-NAC and goal planning programme in 1989.

The value of the whole picture: rehabilitation outcome measurement using patient self-report and clinician-based assessments after spinal cord injury.

Study Design: This is a retrospective longitudinal study.

Objectives: To explore the relative impact and contribution of using both the Spinal Cord Independence Measure III (SCIM) and Stoke Mandeville Spinal Needs Assessment Checklist (SMS-NAC) to assess rehabilitation outcome following an acute spinal cord injury (SCI).

Setting: The study was performed at National Spinal Injuries Centre (NSIC), Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Aylesbury, UK.

Psychological outcomes of MRSA isolation in spinal cord injury rehabilitation.

Study Design: Retrospective secondary analysis with a quantitative, matched-pairs design. Patients isolated due to methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were matched with controls without MRSA infection admitted to a multi-bedded ward, based on: gender, injury level, injury severity (AIS grade), age at the time of injury and year of admission.

Objectives: Determine the implications of MRSA-related infection isolation on spinal cord injury patients' anxiety, depression, appraisals of disability, perceived manageability and pain intensity.

Cognitive appraisals and emotional status following a spinal cord injury in post-acute rehabilitation.

Study Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To investigate the factor structure of the ADAPSS-short form (ADAPSS-SF) in an acutely injured SCI population and to assess the relationship between cognitive appraisals made in the initial phase of rehabilitation and the experience of anxiety and depression.

Setting: National Spinal Injuries Centre, UK.

Team assessment in stroke rehabilitation.

Goal planning is one of the most universal approaches in rehabilitation, yet its application is much more than just setting specific behavior-focused goals. This article aims to emphasize the fundamental aspects of the process and reference the key literature in the area. At its heart, goal planning is about producing lasting behavior change, and the central role of the patient in the assessment and rehabilitation process is highlighted throughout.

Goal planning: a retrospective audit of rehabilitation process and outcome.

Objective: To consider the effectiveness of a goal planning programme for people with spinal cord injury (SCI) and address some of the current evidence gaps in goal setting.

Design: Retrospective audit.

Subjects: Consecutive series of 65 newly injured SCI patients.