It takes a village to raise a child- A multidisciplinary approach to promoting paediatric health literacy in cystic fibrosis.

Background: In Northern Ireland, approximately 550 people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF) attend the regional paediatric and adult centres within the Belfast Health and Social Care Trust. This autosomal recessive chronic condition necessitates regular clinical monitoring and a high treatment burden, as well as time implications for the maintenance of respiratory devices. Development of health literacy skills at an early age and promoting children with CF (CwCF) to take an active role in their healthcare has many advantages relating to their long-term self-care in preparation for transition from paediatric to adult care, decision-making and partnership engagement with the CF-multidisciplinary team (CF-MDT).

Carriage of Neisseria meningitidis (meningococci) in the sputum of people with cystic fibrosis (CF): occupational health risks and mitigating interventions for physiotherapists.

Objectives: To estimate the carriage of Neisseira meningitidis (meningococci) in expectorated sputum from people with cystic fibrosis (CF) and to evaluate potential ramifications of such carriage for the health and (NM) wellbeing of physiotherapists performing airway clearance techniques.

Design: Descriptive observational study.

Main Outcome Measures: Meningococcal carriage rate, CFTR mutation type and time to first meningococcal culture were determined.

Impact of Hospitalizations due to Chronic Health Conditions on Early Child Development.

Objective: To assess the impact of hospitalization for chronic health conditions on early child development and wellbeing at school start.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of children starting school using population-based record linkage of routinely collected admitted hospital data and standardized assessment of early childhood development (Australian Early Developmental Census: AEDC). Developmental vulnerability (DV) was defined as children scoring <10th centile in any one of five developmental domains.

"You're not gay; You're a child of god": Microaggressions experienced by LGBTQ+ teens and their parents in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

Like other teens in conservative religious environments, LGBTQ+ teens raised in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (CJCLDS) likely experience unique microaggressions. Furthermore, like other conservatively religious parents of LGBTQ+ teens, active Latter-day Saint (LDS) parents who openly support their LGBTQ+ teens likely both witness microaggressions toward their teens and may personally experience microaggressions. The present study sought to understand parents' and teens' experiences of microaggressions in conservative religious contexts by focusing specifically on the microaggressions experienced by (a) LGBTQ+ teens raised in the CJCLDS and (b) their active LDS parents.

Making community voices heard in a research-health service alliance, the evolving role of the Community Advisory Group: a case study from the members' perspective.

Background: The Melbourne Genomics Health Alliance (the Alliance) is a collaboration of leading hospitals, research and academic organisations, supported by its member organisations and the Victorian Government. The Alliance was set up by its members in 2013 to steer the translation of genomics, making it an integral part of health care in Victoria, Australia. The Community Advisory Group (CAG) was formed soon after, to give input and advice across the program.

Socio-demographic and familial factors associated with hospital admissions and repeat admission for dental caries in early childhood: A population-based study.

Objectives: Dental caries remains a complex childhood condition often requiring preventable hospital admissions. There are limited population-based epidemiological studies that use large and linked data sets to quantify the clinical, socio-demographic and familial risk factors related to hospital admissions for dental caries. The aim of this study was to describe and quantify the rates, socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and familial factors including repeat admissions associated with young children admitted to hospital for dental caries.

Gun violence in Australia, 2002-2016: a cohort study.

Objectives: To describe the burden, geographic distribution, and outcomes of firearm-related violence in New South Wales during 2002-2016.

Design, Setting, Participants: Population-based record linkag study of people injured by firearms in NSW, 1 January 2002 - 31 December 2016.

Main Outcome Measures: Frequency, proportion, and rate of firearm-related injuries and deaths by intent category (assault, intentional self-harm, accidental, undetermined/other) and socio-demographic characteristics; medical service use (hospitalisations, ambulatory mental health care) before and after firearm-related injuries; associations between rates of firearm-related injury and those of licensed gun owners, by statistical area level 4.

School academic performance of children hospitalised with a chronic condition.

Objective: To examine academic outcomes among children hospitalised with a chronic health condition.

Design: Population-level birth cohort.

Setting: New South Wales, Australia.

The accuracy of hospital discharge data in recording major congenital anomalies in Australia.

Background: There has been increasing use of hospital discharge data to identify congenital anomalies, with limited information about the accuracy of these data.

Objectives: To evaluate the accuracy of hospital discharge data in ascertaining major congenital anomalies in infants.

Methods: All liveborn infants with major congenital anomalies born between 2004 and 2009 in New South Wales, Australia were included.

Survival of infants born with esophageal atresia among 24 international birth defects surveillance programs.

Background: Esophageal atresia (EA) affects around 2.3-2.6 per 10,000 births world-wide.

Baby bottle and other disinfection devices used during travel to low electrical voltage (110V) regions: A practical experiment with implications for baby, lactating mothers and patient safety.

Background: Baby bottle steam disinfectors are important for the disinfection of devices used with baby nutrition, lactating mothers and respiratory patients (e.g. nebulisers).

The virtual CF clinic: Implications for sputum microbiology.

The COVID19 pandemic has shifted the paradigm of how outpatient clinics are delivered within CF care, resulting in a significant reduction of patient visits to CF centres. One consequence of this has been a reduction in the number of sputa/cough swabs that patients submit for routine analysis. This report examines why it is important to maintain optimal sputum microbiology and explores (i).

Nebuliser hygiene in cystic fibrosis: evidence-based recommendations.

Unlabelled: Nebulised therapies are extensively used in the daily therapeutic management of cystic fibrosis both for mucociliary clearance and for the management of chronic infections. Extensive developments have been made in relation to nebulised drug delivery mechanisms and drug formulations, and guidelines have been prepared that have addressed the appropriate use of such therapies. However, due to these developments, a plethora of nebuliser devices and drug chambers exist, and frequently, the limited guidance provided in relation to nebuliser hygiene is to follow manufacturers' instructions.

Prevalence, hospital admissions and costs of child chronic conditions: A population-based study.

Aim: To determine population-based prevalence, hospital use and costs for children admitted to hospital with chronic conditions.

Methods: We used hospital admissions data for children aged <16 years, 2002-2013 in New South Wales, Australia.

Results: Of all admissions, 35% (n = 692 514) included a diagnosis of a chronic condition.

Importance of Nebulizer Drying for Patients With Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: Nebulizer therapy is an important treatment component for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Nebulizer manufacturers' guidelines advocate thorough nebulizer drying after washing. The aim of this study, therefore, was to examine the microbiology associated with nebulizer drying, particularly related to control, and to examine microbiologically non-adherence to the recommended drying procedures.

Nebuliser cleaning and disinfection practice in the home among patients with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Nebulised delivery of different classes of drugs is of fundamental importance in therapeutic regimens relating to both the management of disease progression in cystic fibrosis disease and its associated complications. The aim of this study was to determine if current nebuliser hygiene practices in the home environment by paediatric and adult cystic fibrosis populations are appropriate to ensure appropriate infection control and prevention measures have been addressed.

Methods: An Audit Questionnaire Study was completed with adult cystic fibrosis patients (=20) or with parents of cystic fibrosis children (=24), through a healthcare professional interview on a one-to-one basis, during either a home visit or during patient/parent attendance at cystic fibrosis clinic.

Prescription opioid dispensing in Australian children and adolescents: a national population-based study.

Background: There are few population-based studies of paediatric opioid use. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of opioid dispensing in Australian children and adolescents.

Methods: In this population-based study, we used data from a random sample of 15% of the children and adolescents who had received any medicines between Feb 1, 2013, and Dec 31, 2017, through the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS).

Five-year survival of infants with major congenital anomalies: a registry based study.

Aim: To determine survival of infants with major congenital anomalies (CA) and assess the effect of co-existing anomalies and gestational age.

Methods: All liveborn infants with major CA born in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, 2004-2009 were identified from the NSW Register of Congenital Conditions. Deaths were identified via record linkage to death registrations and five-year survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods.

The burden of hospitalized sports-related injuries in children: an Australian population-based study, 2005-2013.

Background: There is concern about recent increase and severity of sports-related injuries in children. Despite the benefits of sports participation, injuries may carry long-term health consequences. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence, characteristics and types of hospitalized sports-related injuries in children.

Snow angels - the microbiology of freshly fallen snow: implications for immunocompromised patients.

The frequency of seasonal snowfall results in the transient covering of gardens/amenity sites/open public spaces, which encourages recreational interaction mainly with children. No data is available demonstrating the microbiological composition of such fallen snow and therefore a study was undertaken to examine the microbiology of snow from 37 sites, estimating (i) total viable count (TVC), (ii) identification of bacteria, and (iii) the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mean TVC count of 8.

The experience and professional development of medical appraisers.

This article explores the experiences of General Practitioner (GP) appraisers working in a unfamiliar setting (Jersey) with appraisees new to the process. Findings were interpreted using the learning theory, 'situated cognition', to shed light on the experience of appraisers working with new appraisees more generally and contribute to new understandings of workplace learning. Rich qualitative data derived from transcripts of nine in-depth interviews with GP appraisers were analysed thematically in a rigorous and iterative manner process.

Gestation at birth, mode of birth, infant feeding and childhood hospitalization with infection.

Introduction: Infections are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in preschool children. We aimed to assess the impact of the co-occurrence of cesarean section, early birth and formula feeding on hospitalization with infection in early childhood.

Material And Methods: Population-based retrospective record-linkage cohort study of 488 603 singleton livebirths ≥32 weeks' gestational age in New South Wales, Australia, 2007-2012.