Oral health status, knowledge, attitudes and behaviours among marginalized children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Data on oral health status in Ethiopia are scarce. We assessed the prevalence of dental decay and gum disease and oral health practices and its barriers. We performed a cross-sectional study using comprehensive questionnaires and oral examination of 132 children aged 6-15 years in Addis Ababa.

Community perception, misconception, and discord regarding prevention and treatment of infection with human immunodeficiency virus in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Approximately one million persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) live in Ethiopia. Socio-cultural factors influence prevention and treatment adherence. We applied a qualitative descriptive approach to evaluate community perception, knowledge, and the role of spiritual factors in regard to HIV.

"I like to be an informed person but..." negotiating responsibility for treatment decisions in cancer care.

Social expectations surrounding sickness have undergone a transformation in Western welfare states. Emerging discourses about patients' roles and responsibilities do not however always map neatly onto patients' actions, experiences or desires. This paper emerges from a study in Ontario, Canada.

Prolonged institutional rearing is associated with atypically large amygdala volume and difficulties in emotion regulation.

Early adversity, for example poor caregiving, can have profound effects on emotional development. Orphanage rearing, even in the best circumstances, lies outside of the bounds of a species-typical caregiving environment. The long-term effects of this early adversity on the neurobiological development associated with socio-emotional behaviors are not well understood.

"Below their notice": exploring women's subjective experiences of cancer system exclusion.

Background: The experiences that marginalized breast cancer populations have in common are rarely considered.

Methods: The authors look across 3 qualitative studies to explore the experiences of older, lower-income, and Aboriginal women diagnosed with cancer and treated by the cancer care system in Ontario, Canada.

Results: The research examines critical moments in participants' narratives that parallel one another and are categorized within 2 themes: Not Getting Cancer Care and Not Getting Supportive Care.

Silenced complaints, suppressed expectations: the cumulative effects of home care rationing.

In many Western welfare jurisdictions, publicly provided home care is being eroded and its provision increasingly individualized. These shifts are of a particular significance for older women, a group for whom supportive home care has been an important buttress against the social and physical jeopardies of old age. A longitudinal, qualitative study of such women in Ontario, Canada, spanned the implementation of managed competition in home care and a period of rapid privatization and service rationing.

Cancer care from the perspectives of older women.

Purpose/objectives: To understand how older age affects cancer care, from the perspectives of older women.

Research Approach: Qualitative, participatory.

Setting: Urban southern region of Ontario, Canada.

Elderly people's accounts of home care rationing: missing voices in long-term care policy debates.

Fundamental shifts in state intervention in recent years have resulted in steady curtailment in public provision of community and social care. A longitudinal study of elderly women receiving home care in Ontario explored the reverberations of these shifts in the texture of frail elderly people's lives. Three distinct accounts of negotiating unstable and rationed home care were discernible.

'You need them to know your ways': service users' views about valued dimensions of home care.

Dominant approaches to evaluating supportive home care tend to be 'top-down,' undertaken from the vantage points of funding bodies and professionals, rather than from the perspectives of service users. A longitudinal, qualitative study of women receiving home care in Ontario, Canada explored their accounts of what constitutes good and responsive care. Participants identified four dimensions of care that they particularly valued: Minimized exposure, being known, staying in charge, and being able to speak.

'You Need Them to Know Your Ways': Service Users' Views About Valued Dimensions of Home Care.

Dominant approaches to evaluating supportive home care tend to be 'top-down,' undertaken from the vantage points of funding bodies and professionals, rather than from the perspectives of service users. A longitudinal, qualitative study of women receiving home care in Ontario, Canada explored their accounts of what constitutes good and responsive care. Participants identified four dimensions of care that they particularly valued: Minimized exposure, being known, staying in charge, and being able to speak.

Evaluating acceptability and completeness of overseas immunization records of internationally adopted children.

Background: Increasing numbers of families in the United States are adopting children who were born in other countries. Appropriate immunization of internationally adopted children provides a challenge to pediatricians who must evaluate documentation of vaccines administered overseas and fulfill the recommended US childhood immunization schedule. The acceptability of vaccinations received outside the United States was addressed by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices in 1994, but few population-based studies assessing these vaccinations have been reported.