Rhabdomyosarcomas are oncogene addicted to the activation of AVIL.

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is one of the most common pediatric soft-tissue cancer. Previously, we discovered a gene fusion, formed by chromosomal inversion in RMS. Suspecting that forming a fusion with a housekeeping gene may be one of the mechanisms to dysregulate an oncogene, we investigated AVIL expression and its role in RMS.

Aurora A phosphorylates Ndel1 to reduce the levels of Mad1 and NuMA at spindle poles.

Dynein inactivates the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) by transporting checkpoint proteins away from kinetochores toward spindle poles in a process known as "stripping." We find that inhibition of Aurora A kinase, which is localized to spindle poles, enables the accumulation of the spindle checkpoint activator Mad1 at poles where it is normally absent. Aurora kinases phosphorylate the dynein activator NudE neurodevelopment protein 1 like 1 (Ndel1) on Ser285 and Mad1 accumulates at poles when Ndel1 is replaced by a nonphosphorylatable mutant in human cells.

Assessment of Quality of Life in Men Treated for Infertility in Poland.

The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life (QoL) of men treated for infertility in Poland. This cross-sectional study was conducted using the Abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQoL-BREF), Fertility Quality of Life tool (FertiQoL) and an author-constructed questionnaire. The study included 1200 men treated for infertility without the use of assisted reproductive technology (non-ART), intrauterine insemination (IUI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Assessment of Quality of Life in Infertility Treated Women in Poland.

The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life (QoL) of infertility treated women as it can affect the effectiveness of therapy. This cross-sectional study was conducted with Abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), Fertility Quality of Life tool (FertiQoL) and an author's questionnaire. The study included 1200 women treated for infertility without the use of assisted reproductive technology (non-ART), intrauterine insemination (IUI), or in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Effect of Excessive Body Weight and Emotional Disorders on the Course of Pregnancy and Well-Being of a Newborn before and during COVID-19 Pandemic.

This study aimed to evaluate whether excessive body weight and the COVID-19 pandemic affect depression, and subsequently whether depression, excessive body weight, and the COVID-19 pandemic affect the course of pregnancy, as well as the well-being of a newborn. The research material included data retrieved from the medical records of 280 pregnant women who were provided with care by medical facilities in Lublin (100 women with normal weight, 100 overweight women, 50 with Class I and 30 with Class II obesity). They completed a Beck depression inventory (BDI) in pregnancy twice, in order to assess the risk of occurrence of postpartum depression.

Interactions of Cortisol and Prolactin with Other Selected Menstrual Cycle Hormones Affecting the Chances of Conception in Infertile Women.

One of the major problems of success in infertility treatment could depend on the understanding how the potential factors may affect the conception. The aim of this study was to evaluate present understanding of such factors or hormonal causes that may induce infertility. We studied the interactions between the two menstrual cycle hormones i.

A cytoskeleton regulator AVIL drives tumorigenesis in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma is a deadly cancer, with no effective therapies. Better understanding and identification of selective targets are urgently needed. We found that advillin (AVIL) is overexpressed in all the glioblastomas we tested including glioblastoma stem/initiating cells, but hardly detectable in non-neoplastic astrocytes, neural stem cells or normal brain.

Morphometry of the coronary ostia and the structure of coronary arteries in the shorthair domestic cat.

The aim of this study was to measure the area of the coronary ostia, assess their localization in the coronary sinuses and to determine the morphology of the stem of the left and right coronary arteries in the domestic shorthair cat. The study was conducted on 100 hearts of domestic shorthair cats of both sexes, aged 2-18 years, with an average body weight of 4.05 kg.

Mechanism of Ska Recruitment by Ndc80 Complexes to Kinetochores.

Yeast use the ring-shaped Dam1 complex to slide down depolymerizing microtubules to move chromosomes, but current models suggest that other eukaryotes do not have a sliding ring. We visualized Ndc80 and Ska complexes on microtubules by electron microscopic tomography to identify the structure of the human kinetochore-microtubule attachment. Ndc80 recruits the Ska complex so that the V shape of the Ska dimer interacts along protofilaments.

The human SKA complex drives the metaphase-anaphase cell cycle transition by recruiting protein phosphatase 1 to kinetochores.

The spindle- and kinetochore-associated (Ska) complex is essential for normal anaphase onset in mitosis. The C-terminal domain (CTD) of Ska1 binds microtubules and was proposed to facilitate kinetochore movement on depolymerizing spindle microtubules. Here, we show that Ska complex recruits protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) to kinetochores.

Enhancement of immunohistochemical detection of Salmonella in tissues of experimentally infected pigs.

Salmonella Typhimurium is one of the main pathogens compromising porcine and human health as well as food safety, because it is a prevailing source of foodborne infections due to contaminated pork. A prominent problem in the management of this bacteriosis is the number of subclinically infected carrier pigs. As very little is known concerning the mechanisms allowing Salmonella to persist in pigs, the objective of this study was to develop an immunohistochemical approach for the detection of salmonellae in tissue of pigs experimentally infected with Salmonella Typhimurium.

Development and Evaluation of qPCR Assay for Quantitation of Kazachstania slooffiae and Total Yeasts Occurring in the Porcine Gut.

Kazachstania slooffiae is the dominating yeast in pig's gut. No methods others than cultivation were applied for enumeration of yeasts within this ecosystem. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay to quantitate total yeasts and K.

Analysis of in vitro and in vivo effects of probiotics against Campylobacter spp.

Campylobacter (C.) spp. are well recognised as the leading cause of bacterial food-borne diarrheal disease worldwide, with C.

Effect of high dietary zinc oxide on the caecal and faecal short-chain fatty acids and tissue zinc and copper concentration in pigs is reversible after withdrawal of the high zinc oxide from the diet.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) used in high ('pharmacological') levels to prevent diarrhoea in pigs is assumed to reduce copper (Cu) in tissues and inhibits large intestinal microbial fermentation. To test it, German Landrace pigs were weaned on d28 of age and fed diets containing either 100 (LowZinc, LZn, n = 10) or 3100 mg ZnO/kg (HighZinc, HZn, n = 10). The mixed feed (13.

Intraepithelial lymphocyte numbers and histomorphological parameters in the porcine gut after Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 feeding in a Salmonella Typhimurium challenge.

Salmonellae are among the most widespread sources of foodborne infections and Salmonella Typhimurium, in particular, is correlated with human disease caused by the consumption of contaminated pork. Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) have early contact with intestinal antigens and play an important role in the detection of pathogenic bacteria. The objective of this study was to determine whether a presumed probiotic Enterococcus faecium strain could improve histomorphological and immune system-related parameters of gut function after a Salmonella challenge in weaned pigs.

Morphology of Coronary Ostia in Domestic Shorthair Cat.

Diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases due to changes in the coronary vascularization need a detailed knowledge on the morphology and possible variations of the aortic valves and coronary ostia. This study was performed to clarify details on morphology of these structures in domestic cats. The tricuspid aortic valve was examined in 65 domestic shorthair cats.

Elevated dietary zinc oxide levels do not have a substantial effect on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PPRSV) vaccination and infection.

Background: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most important infectious agents for the swine industry worldwide. Zinc (Zn) salts, which are widely used as a dietary supplement in swine nutrition, have shown antiviral effects in vitro as well as in vivo. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of dietary zinc oxide supplementation on vaccination and challenge infection with PRRSV.

A transgenic probiotic secreting a parasite immunomodulator for site-directed treatment of gut inflammation.

New treatment strategies for inflammatory bowel disease are needed and parasitic nematode infections or application of helminth components improve clinical and experimental gut inflammation. We genetically modified the probiotic bacterium Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 to secrete the powerful nematode immunomodulator cystatin in the gut. This treatment was tested in a murine colitis model and on post-weaning intestinal inflammation in pigs, an outbred model with a gastrointestinal system similar to humans.

High-dose dietary zinc oxide mitigates infection with transmissible gastroenteritis virus in piglets.

Background: Zinc (Zn) supplementation has been shown to reduce the incidence of diarrhea and to protect animals from intestinal diseases, but the mechanisms of this protective effect against virus infection in vivo have not yet been elucidated. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) causes diarrhea in piglets with an age-dependent decrease of severity.

Results: We used 60 weaned piglets that were divided into three groups to evaluate the effect of different Zn levels added to a conventional diet (50 mg Zn/kg diet, Znlow, control group).

Dietary Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 and zinc oxide stimulate immune reactions to trivalent influenza vaccination in pigs but do not affect virological response upon challenge infection.

Swine influenza viruses (SIV) regularly cause significant disease in pigs worldwide. Since there is no causative treatment of SIV, we tested if probiotic Enterococcus (E.) faecium NCIMB 10415 or zinc (Zn) oxide as feed supplements provide beneficial effects upon SIV infection in piglets.

Characterization of CD4+ subpopulations and CD25+ cells in ileal lymphatic tissue of weaned piglets infected with Salmonella Typhimurium with or without Enterococus faecium feeding.

The aim of the present study was to test the effect of Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 (E. faecium) on CD4+ T helper immune cell subpopulations and CD25+ cells in ileal lymphatic tissue after challenge with Salmonella (S.) Typhimurium DT 104.

Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 supplementation affects intestinal immune-associated gene expression in post-weaning piglets.

In a Salmonella challenge study of weaned piglets supplemented with the probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 (SF68), we observed a delayed, post-infection proliferative response of purified blood mononuclear cell fractions towards Salmonella antigens. In order to clarify this observation, we examined the patterns of immune-associated gene expression in long-term feeding trials of both pre- and post-weaning piglets. Piglets supplemented with E.

Inhibitory effect of high-dosage zinc oxide dietary supplementation on Campylobacter coli excretion in weaned piglets.

Aims: This study investigated the impact of zinc oxide (ZnO) on Campylobacter coli by in vivo and in vitro assays.

Methods And Results: By in vitro growth inhibition assays, a high susceptibility of Camp. coli against ZnO could be observed.

Morphology of the transverse ligament of the atlas and the alar ligaments in the silver fox (Vulpes vulpes var).

Background: Recent new anatomical and histological features of craniocervical junction in dogs and cats were described providing evidence of differences between the carnivore species. No information on these structures in foxes exists.

Results: Two parts of the alar ligaments were found.

No protective effects of high-dosage dietary zinc oxide on weaned pigs infected with Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium DT104.

Twenty-eight-day-old weaned pigs were fed diets with a low (LZn), medium (MZn), or high (MZn) Zn concentration (50 to 80, 150, or 2,500 mg Zn/kg of diet, respectively) provided as zinc oxide (ZnO)(24 pigs per group). They were infected orally with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 on day 32. Salmonellae were cultivated from feces (up to 42 days postinfection [dpi]) and organs (2 and 42 dpi).